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Whether you're at the beginning, middle, or end stages of writing your essay, these resources will help answer your more general questions.

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Portland Community College's Online Studies and Practice

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Portland Community College's Online Studies and Practice

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This website from Portland Community College is a great source to use when a student just wants to practice their English writing skills.  This source gives online resources on grammar and writing, reading, vocabulary, spelling, study skills, and communication/pronunciation.

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Many resources for students, instructors/tutors, and organizations. Interactive activities, texts & exercises, and links to other sites offer a wide selection of excellent materials. Training resources for tutors include techniques & strategies, lesson plans and activities, online courses, using technology and more.

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This website is from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and is very useful to those students who have never written an argument paper or those who need help with citing. As an added bonus, some of the instructional links also have videos on how to do a certain task or ability.

Also this website is useful for not just English 105 essays, but future writings as well, including speeches, book reviews, or even for application essays. If you, the writer, have any further questions you can do a quick question with them. Over all this website is a excellent source to go to when in need of help of writing an essay.

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This is a helpful citation generator website. It is very simple and easy to use. You can create citations in MLA, APA, and 10 other formats. This site is basic but gets the job done well.

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Citation machine: Cater Your Citation needs,MLA,APA,Harvard

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Citation Machine Proudly Presented by Make citation, Citation generator for MLA, APA Chicago/Turabian, Harvard,and all styles.

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This website is very helpful when

you feel as though you are being

repetitive and need to find a similar

word for the idea that you are trying

to present. its also good when you

want to find a sophisticated synonym

for a certain word.

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This website is a site that can will take you through an essay start to finish. The website is great for all writes.

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In this section your every question about writing is answered in a simple and clear way. We don't overload you with useless information, because we have created this guide to give you the needed information, not to get you bored and yawning.

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https://scholar.google.com/

This is a link to Google's academic search engine, a very streamline alternative to individual databases. This search engine expands writers' usable resources from a single database to the entire internet.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed

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One Stop English is a website that students can use to update skills and learn more about current English writing techniques. Anyone can register through an account, or simply browse at ease. The home page has tabs that range from current news, grammar, skills, and more. There are interactive games that will help students better understand topics through completing fun activities.

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Created by the US Department of Commerce along with the US Census Bureau, this fact checker resource has endless results and is easy to use. From facts about the nation, states, cities and citizens, American FactFinder provides popular facts for different searched topics.

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This website is a great resource for writing a research paper that has a subject in a science field. It has 2500 books that can be used in research and 26000 scientific journals tat will also help with any research needed. On the very start of the website all you have to do is find the subject of science or the beginning letter of an article or book.

It also has all the information to create a well developed citation because it has publisher, dates, volume, pages, and much more.

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ScienceDirect.com | Science, health and medical journals, full text articles and books.

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ScienceDirect is the world's leading source for scientific, technical, and medical research. Explore journals, books and articles.

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http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/browse/publications?type=journal

This online resource can help write a research paper in English 105 or any other class. The website has a wide variety of journals that can be put to use in a variety of research papers.

Each journal provides an abstract, so it is easy to tell what the article is about at a glance. All the articles are approved by different universities so they can be valid, and entries also provide all necessary citation information.

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Enter your email address below. If your address has been previously registered, you will receive an email with instructions on how to reset your password. If you don't receive an email, you should register as a new user

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This is another good citation generation website. As with any citation generation machine, you'll want to double check all entries Easy Bib creates for you.

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EasyBib®: Free Bibliography Generator - MLA, APA, Chicago citation styles

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Automatic works cited and bibliography formatting for MLA, APA and Chicago/Turabian citation styles. Now supports MLA 9.

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This is a website about how you are supposed to conduct research and make sure that the research is appropriate and a reliable source. This website will help you to find sources, evaluate the source, write on that source as well as help with the citation of the source.

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Many people struggle with starting their paper, so this site provides steps that guides people into narrowing down their topic and their ideas. It helps people get organized and figure out what they really want to talk about in their paper.

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Organizing and pre-writing:: Seven stages of writing assignments

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The use of semicolons often confuses people, so this site provides rules of when to use a semicolon and when to use a different from of punctuation. It also shows examples.

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Grammar and Punctuation: Using Semicolons

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Semicolons help you connect closely related ideas when a style mark stronger than a comma is needed. By using semicolons effectively, you can make your writing sound more sophisticated.

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From one of the most popular grammar-checking sites on the internet comes this online handbook for grammar rules, hints, and tips. While you have to pay to use the Grammarly main website, this handbook is free for public use. For some fun English-related posts, check out the Grammarly blog and Facebook links!

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A graet idea can go to waiste if it's not speled right. This site has 100 commonly misspelled words, as well as tips for remembering how to keep from making the same spelling mistakes twice.

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Here are the 100 words most commonly misspelled ('misspell' is one of them). Dr. Language has provided a one-stop cure for all your spelling ills. Each word has a mnemonic pill with it and, if you swallow it, it will help you to remember how to spell the word. Master the orthography of the words on this page and reduce the time you spend searching dictionaries by half.

A

acceptable - Several words made the list because of the suffix pronounced -êbl but sometimes spelled -ible, sometimes -able. Just remember to accept any table offered to you and you will spell this word OK.

accidentally - It is no accident that the test for adverbs on -ly is whether they come from an adjective on -al ("accidental" in this case). If so, the -al has to be in the spelling. No publical, then publicly. See?

accommodate - Remember, this word is large enough to accommodate both a double "c" AND a double "m."

acquire - Try to acquire the knowledge that this word, and the next one, began with the prefix ad- but the [d] converts to [c] before [q].

acquit - See the previous discussion.

a lot - Two words! Hopefully, you won't have to allot a lot of time to this problem.

amateur - Amateurs need not be mature: this word ends on the French suffix -eur (the equivalent of English -er).

apparent - A parent need not be apparent but "apparent" must pay the rent, so remember this word always has the rent.

argument - Let's not argue about the loss of this verb's silent [e] before the suffix -ment.

atheist - Lord help you remember that this word comprises the prefix a- "not" + the "god" (also in the-ology) + -ist "one who believes."

B

C

D

daiquiri - Don't make yourself another daiquiri until you learn how to spell this funny word-the name of a Cuban village.

definite (ly) - This word definitely sounds as though it ends only on -it, but it carries a silent "e" everywhere it goes.

discipline - A little discipline, spelled with the [s] and the [c] will get you to the correct spelling of this one.

drunkenness - You would be surprised how many sober people omit one of the [n]s in this one.

dumbbell - Even smart people forget one of the [b]s in this one. (So be careful who you call one when you write.)

E

embarrass (ment) - This one won't embarrass you if you remember it is large enough for a double [r] AND a double [s].

equipment - This word is misspelled "equiptment" 22,932 times on the web right now.

exhilarate - Remembering that [h] when you spell this word will lift your spirits and if you remember both [a]s, it will be exhilarating!

exceed - Remember that this one is -ceed, not -cede. (To exceed all expectations, master the spellings of this word, "precede" and "supersede" below.)

existence - No word like this one spelled with an [a] is in existence. This word is a menage a quatre of one [i] with three [e]s.

experience - Don't experience the same problem many have with "existence" above in this word: -ence!

F

G

gauge - You must learn to gauge the positioning of the [a] and [u] in this word. Remember, they are in alphabetical order (though not the [e]).

grateful - You should be grateful to know that keeping "great" out of "grateful" is great.

guarantee - This word is not spelled like "warranty" even though they are synonyms.

H

harass - This word is too small for two double letters but don't let it harass you, just keep the [r]s down to one.

height - English reaches the height (not heighth!) of absurdity when it spells "height" and "width" so differently.

hierarchy - The i-before-e rule works here, so what is the problem?

humorous - Humor us and spell this word "humorous": the [r] is so weak, it needs an [o] on both sides to hold it up.

I

J

K

kernel (colonel) - There is more than a kernel of truth in the claim that all the vowels in this word are [e]s. So why is the military rank (colonel) pronounced identically?

L

leisure - Yet another violator of the i-before-e rule. You can be sure of the spelling of the last syllable but not of the pronunciation.

liaison - Another French word throwing us an orthographical curve: a spare [i], just in case. That's an [s], too, that sounds like a [z].

library - It may be as enjoyable as a berry patch but that isn't the way it is spelled. That first [r] should be pronounced, too.

license - Where does English get the license to use both its letters for the sound [s] in one word?

M

N

O

P

Q

questionnaire - The French doing it to us again. Double up on the [n]s in this word and don't forget the silent [e]. Maybe someday we will spell it the English way.

R

receive/receipt - I hope you have received the message by now: [i] before [e] except after . . .

recommend - I would recommend you think of this word as the equivalent of commending all over again: re+commend. That would be recommendable.

referred - Final consonants are often doubled before suffixes (remit: remitted, remitting). However, this rule applies only to accented syllables ending on [l] and [r], e.g. "rebelled," "referred" but "traveled," "buffered" and not containing a diphthong, e.g. "prevailed," "coiled."

reference - Refer to the last mentioned word and also remember to add -ence to the end for the noun.

relevant - The relevant factor here is that the word is not "revelant," "revelent," or even "relevent." [l] before [v] and the suffix -ant.

restaurant - 'Ey, you! Remember, these two words when you spell "restaurant." They are in the middle of it.

rhyme - Actually, "rime" was the correct spelling until 1650. After that, egg-heads began spelling it like "rhythm." Why? No rhyme nor reason other than to make it look like "rhythm."

rhythm - This one was borrowed from Greek (and conveniently never returned) so it is spelled the way we spell words borrowed from Greek and conveniently never returned.

S

schedule - If perfecting your spelling is on your schedule, remember the [sk] is spelled as in "school." (If you use British or Canadian pronunciation, why do you pronounce this word [shedyul] but "school," [skul]? That has always puzzled me.)

separate - How do you separate the [e]s from the [a]s in this word? Simple: the [e]s surround the [a]s.

sergeant - The [a] needed in both syllables of this word has been pushed to the back of the line. Remember that, and the fact that [e] is used in both syllables, and you can write your sergeant without fear of misspelling his rank.

supersede - This word supersedes all others in perversity. This is the only English word based on this stem spelled -sede. Supersede combines the Latin words "super" and "sedere" which means to sit above.

T

their/they're/there - They're all pronounced the same but spelled differently. Possessive is "their" and the contraction of "they are" is "they're." Everywhere else, it is "there."

threshold - This one can push you over the threshold. It looks like a compound "thresh + hold" but it isn't. Two [h]s are enough.

twelfth - Even if you omit the [f] in your pronunciation of this word (which you shouldn't do), it is retained in the spelling.

tyranny - If you are still resisting the tyranny of English orthography at this point, you must face the problem of [y] inside this word, where it shouldn't be. The guy is a "tyrant" and his problem is "tyranny." (Don't forget to double up on the [n]s, too.)

U

until - I will never stop harping on this until this word is spelled with an extra [l] for the last time!

V

vacuum - If your head is not a vacuum, remember that the silent [e] on this one married the [u] and joined him inside the word where they are living happily ever since. Well, the evidence is suggestive but not conclusive. Anyway, spell this word with two [u]s and not like "volume."

WXYZ

The English language is full of linguistic pitfalls and exceptions to the rules when it comes to spelling but memorizing this list will help you recover from your spelling ills. If you're ready to swallow more, we have 150 more commonly misspelled words ready and waiting for you to soothe your aching head with.
Words With Multiple Valid Spellings

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list of the most frequently misspelled words

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100 Most Often Mispelled Misspelled Words in English

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Here are the 100 words most commonly misspelled ('misspell' is one of them). Dr. Language has provided a one-stop cure for all your spelling ills. Each word has a mnemonic pill with it and, if you swallow it, it will help you to remember how to spell the word.

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This is the link to the Flagstaff Public Library website. While its selection is not as diverse or extensive as Cline Library's online databases, the FPL can be a great supplemental research resource (and paper writing location!).

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Flagstaff City-Coconino County Public Library

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The Flagstaff City-Coconino County Public Library provides services, materials, and electronic access to information that will meet the diverse needs of adult and youth residents of the City of Flagstaff, Arizona and Coconino County.

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This is another helpful citation generator site. Like BibMe, Citation Machine can help you make references for APA, MLA, Chicago, and Turabian formats. The site isn't very pretty, but it's an excellent resource!

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Citation Machine: Format & Generate Citations - APA, MLA, & Chicago

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Citation Machine™ helps students and professionals properly credit the information that they use. Cite sources in APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian, and Harvard for free.

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This citation generation site is extremely helpful for finding the proper citation for APA, MLA, Chicago, and Turabian formats. From books and magazines to web sites and films, BibMe can help you find and create the citation information for a number of sources. As with any citation page, you will want to double check the generator's work, but it's a very helpful resource!

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BibMe: Free Bibliography & Citation Maker - MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard

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BibMe Free Bibliography & Citation Maker - MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard

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These sites are helpful for creating citation pages.

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Grammar girl Mignon Fogarty provides helpful tips and explains pesky grammar rules in this catch-all web site. There are videos, podcasts, and traditional articles that can help with many grammar woes.

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Kansas City Star, "Grammar Girl Mignon Fogarty Helps America Speak and Write Better" September, 2007

"Helpful. Smart. Funny. Fans find Grammar Girl to be all those things."

Chicago Tribune, Don't Get Carried Away on National Grammar Day, February 2008

"A more level-headed grammatical authority is Mignon Fogarty -- known to her Web visitors and podcast listeners as Grammar Girl."

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Mignon Fogarty is the founder of the Quick and Dirty Tips network and creator of Grammar Girl, which has been named one of Writer's Digest's 101 best websites for writers multiple times. She is also an inductee in the Podcasting Hall of Fame.

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Looking for some grammar practice? This exercises, also from Grammar Bytes, can help refresh your grammar knowledge (or maybe even teach you something new!). Topics include: sentence fragments; comma splices; they're, their, there differentiation; and subject-verb agreement.

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You may not alter these materials, sell them, or upload them-either in full or in part-to a different server or learning management system. How simple is that!

Photocopying for students or linking to materials at this site doesnot require my permission.

Comma Splices & Fused Sentences

Fragments

Irregular Verbs

Parallel Structure

Misplaced & Dangling Modifiers

Apostrophes

These exercises were created with Hot Potatoes software.

Commas

These exercises were created with Hot Potatoes software.

Pronoun Agreement

These exercises were created with Hot Potatoes software.

Pronoun Case

These exercises were created with Hot Potatoes software.

Pronoun Reference

These exercises were created with Hot Potatoes software.

Subject-Verb Agreement

These exercises were created with Hot Potatoes software.

Word Choice

These exercises were created with Hot Potatoes software.

Exercise 1 :: Their, There, They're

Exercise 2 :: Their, There, They're

Exercise 3 :: Lose, Loose

Exercise 4 :: Lose, Loose

Exercise 5 :: Loss, Lost

Exercise 6 :: Who, Whom

Exercise 7 :: Who, Whom

Exercise 8 :: Whoever, Whomever

Exercise 9 :: Whose, Who's

Exercise 10 :: Whose, Who's

Exercise 11 :: To, Too, Two

Exercise 12 :: To, Too, Two

Exercise 13 :: Its, It's

Exercise 14 :: Its, It's

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Test your grammar knowledge here. Fun interactive exercises await!

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This is a sample of what your post will look like. Make sure to include your name in your post title.

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Post your helpful findings here. Once approved, they will be available to view on our page!

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If you're looking for something a little less fancy than the persuasion map, try the Cambridge Rindge and Latin School Outline Maker. Don't be fooled by its simple layout; this outline maker allows you to add discussion points and generate a printable outline. One drawback: it does not have a conclusion section.

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Or if you have a minute take this Nearly 16 MILLION page views since November 2003 ....and still counting! (actually 15,835,035 as of April 16, 2018) Thanks to everyone who has made this site available and possible...

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From explaining the serial comma to managing introductory phrases, this video from education-portal.com is short, funny, and VERY helpful. What's more, it's part of an open source online English class, so there is additional information about comma use and a quiz to help you practice.

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Correct Comma Usage

Do you get confused when trying to place a comma in a sentence? Are you befuddled when the commas you thought you'd placed correctly in your paper come back with red marks all over them, moved about seemingly willy-nilly? Unfortunately, the only way to defeat this scourge of grammatical correctness is to know your comma usage rules. So let's take a look at a few of the most common ways to use commas.

Separating Elements in a Series

The comma is used to signify a slight pause in a sentence. These pauses are more slight than a period, exclamation mark, question mark, or semicolon, but it is there nonetheless. The first, most basic way you're taught to use a comma is for separating elements in a series, as in, McBliver was able to build a rudimentary thermonuclear reactor with a cheese wedge, a half-empty Diet Coke, and some Uranium-235.

As you can hear in my voice, I pause a bit before listing each item in the series. Otherwise I'd have to say, a cheese wedge a half-empty Diet Coke and some Uranium-235, and you'd have a hard time understanding what I was saying.

Some teachers will tell you that you have the option of whether or not you want to include the final comma in the series before the conjunction (in this case, it's the comma preceding and some Uranium-235), and they're not wrong, but I'd advise that you leave it in. When you leave that comma in, it's called the Oxford comma or serial comma because it punctuates the last item in a series.

While both are grammatically correct, not including the last comma can lead to confusion. For instance, let's say we're not separating single items but several separate thoughts. To the left here, you'll see the lion cages, the piranha tank, the battleship and administrative offices. Without a comma before the final conjunction, it's not clear whether the battleship and administrative offices are separate things or if the battleship also contains the administrative offices. So when in doubt, leave the comma before the conjunction in. That way, more clearly, it would read, To the left here, you'll see the lion cages, the piranha tank, the battleship, and administrative offices.

Separating Adjectives from Each Other

The other way that you may be familiar with using commas is to separate the adjectives that describe a noun. However, you may have also noticed that it's not always consistent. For instance, which of the following is correct? Tyrone had a strong, legendary appetite or Tyrone had a strong legendary appetite?

The answer is the first option. Remember that if you can put 'and' between the adjectives that describe the noun and they still make sense, then there should be a comma in between them. Otherwise, leave it out.

Here's a counter-example: Matilda loves organic chicken eggs. In this case, there's no comma between the adjectives because they both have equal status in describing the noun 'eggs.' They're not organic AND chicken AND eggs but one complete thought: organic chicken eggs. Hence, no comma is necessary.

After an Introduction

Another time you'll use commas is when introducing any word or phrase that comes before the main clause in the sentence (that's the part of the sentence with at least one subject and one verb that's the most essential -- for more on this see the lesson on independent clauses).

Yes, I will have that bacon sandwich. However, I can't eat it in front of that pig. It's like he knows! In this case, both 'yes' and 'however' are introductory words, so they need to have a comma after them. If the introductory word (not so introductory anymore, but stick with me) is at the very end of the sentence, then it has to have a comma preceding it. As in, I can't eat it in front of that pig, however.

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commas: correct usage & basic rules - video & lesson transcript | study.com

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Commas: Correct Usage & Basic Rules - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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Do you get confused when trying to place a comma in a sentence? Are you befuddled when the commas you thought you'd placed correctly in your paper come back with red marks all over them, moved about seemingly willy-nilly? Unfortunately, the only way to defeat this scourge of grammatical correctness is to know your comma usage rules.

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Stuck on apostrophes? Having a hard time remembering whether it's "the cats" or "the cat's"? Check out this video from Grammar Bytes to revisit your apostrophe rules.

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Grammar Bytes! Presents :: The Apostrophe

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Recommended by the University of Chicago's Writing Program, this simple-looking site offers an array of grammar assistance. From sentence-level instruction to freewriting advice, this site has it all--even quizzes!

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Dedicated to the memory of Dr. Charles Darling.

Word & Sentence Level

Paragraph Level

Essay & Research Paper Level

Ask Grammar, Quizzes, Search Devices

Peripherals & PowerPoints

GrammarPoll, Guestbook, Awards

Text-only version of this page

The Guide to Grammar and Writing is sponsored by the Capital Community College Foundation, a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation. If you feel we have provided something of value and wish to show your appreciation, you can assist the College and its students with a tax-deductible contribution.

For more about giving to Capital, write to CCC Foundation, 950 Main Street, Hartford, CT 06103. Phone (860) 906-5102 or email: jmcnamara@ccc.commnet.edu Contributions are tax-deductible to the extent allowed by law.

These pages were designed with Cascading Style Sheets and will work best with recent versions of Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator (6.0+). Navigator 4.7 may cause portions of the text to overlap on some pages. Unless otherwise indicated, all written material on this Web site is the property of Professor Charles Darling and the Capital Community College Foundation and is published here for free use by the college's students and staff and for the general online community. This Guide may not be reproduced wholly or in part, by any means whatsoever, including mirroring on other Web servers, without prior written consent of the author. Printing out sections for a student's personal reference or class practice is permitted as long as the source is indicated. Linking to this site is encouraged; ca-webmaster@ccc.commnet.edu notifying us is appreciated. Copyright 2004; Hartford, Connecticut.

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The Guide to Grammar and Writing contains scores of digital handouts on grammar and English usage, over 170 computer-graded quizzes, recommendations on writing -- from basic problems in subject-verb agreement and the use of articles to exercises in parallel structures and help with argumentative essays, and a way to submit questions about grammar and writing.

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Stuck on outlining your paper? Try making a persuasion map from readwritethink.org. This interactive site allows you to outline your thesis, main ideas, and conclusions. You can then print it out, save it for later, or email it. Working in a group? Not a problem! You can email it to as many people as you want.

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This is a link to NAU's Cline Library page. From here, you can conduct online research, check to see what books are in the library, and get help from librarians.

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Cline Library at NAU | Northern Arizona University

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NAU's Cline Library is an essential part of NAU life on the Flagstaff Mountain Campus. Students, faculty, and staff all use the library to achieve their career goals. Explore what Cline Library can do for you!

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This website is an invaluable resource for MLA and APA citations.

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The Purdue University Online Writing Lab serves writers from around the world and the Purdue University Writing Lab helps writers on Purdue's campus.

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Read this document to learn more about what this board is (and isn't), as well as helpful tips for posting and using material.