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( Nur ' Syasya Amani )

Source 3 : During the 14th century, Singapore was caught in the struggle between Siam (now Thailand) and the Java-based Majapahit Empire for control over the Malay Peninsula.

We can infer that Singapore had political connections with Java.
This can be seen that a prince of Palembang, Iskandar Shah, also known as Parameswara, killed the local leader and appointed himself as the island’s new ruler, however, he was driven out by the Javanese forces of the Majapahit. This means after Parameswara left Singapore, Singapore was under Majapahit, which was under the extension of the Javanese Empire.

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Description of the history of Singapore.

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( Nur ' Syasya Amani  )

Source 2 :
[photo taken by http://sghistoryg3-1it.blogspot.com/2014/03/what-was-singapore-like-before-1819.html?m=1]
Green-glazed ceramic ware

We can infer that Singapore had good relationship with China.
This can be seen that the green-glazed ware was found at the Fort Canning in the 12th century.
This means that the green ware could have been a gift from the royalty of China to Singapore as a gift.

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( Nur'Syasya Amani )

Source 1 :  Negarakertagama , a Javanese Court poem.

We can infer from these sources that Singapore had a weak defence. The Negarakertagama tells us that Singapore was conquered and was protected by many due to Sinagpore's weakness as a country. This is seen that Sinagpore had lost attacks due to having a weak defence.

This means that Singapore had not built up a defence force yet and was dependent on neighbouring countries to help defend Singapore and was under developed.

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( cheryl lim )

Source 3 : a Javanese lead figure in the 14th century, found at the North Bank of the Singapore River

I can infer from this source that the Java and Singapore before 1819, which was known as Temasek had strong allies with one another. This is seen as the Javanese and given Temasek this lead figure of possibly a sun god named Surya. Surya was often portrayed to be riding a horse, and it was often carved in temples of Java.

This means that Singapore was following the Javanese’s culture, as there are many artefacts brought by the Javanese, which would then be highly respected by the people living in Temasek.

Source and Paragraph taken from : https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/-/media/nms2017/documents/school-programmes/teachers-hi-resource-unit-1-precolonial.pdf ( page 17 )

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( cheryl lim )

Source 2 : A fragment of the Singapore Stone from the 10th or 11th century that was found at the mouth of the Singapore River.

We can infer from this source Singapore had a old history from way back in the past. This is seen as there are some unknown inscriptions carved all on the stone, which might be in Kawi or Sanskrit.

This means that Singapore had a long history as the stone was dated back to the 10th or 11th century .
( pictures taken from http://historyofsingaporebefore1819.blogspot.com/?m=0 )

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(yumi chia)

Source 1 :

(photograph of coins from other countries)

We can infer that there was an exchange of coins from other countries and Singapore.

This shows some coins from other countries found at fort canning.

The coins might have been traded from other countries to Singapore as the coins were not from Singapore.

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( yumi chia )

Source 2 :
Ceramics shards (website) http://historycontroversy.blogspot.com/2013/11/ceramic-shards-of-singapore-earthernware.html?m=1

We can infer from the source below that Singapore, also known as Temasek, was a successful trading port. I can also infer that Singapore was a well-connected trading hub.

This can be seen that there were ceramics left by Traders when they came to Singapore.

This means that singapore was a good trading centre for traders from China, India and other Southeast Asian countries to come together and exchange goods

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( cheryl lim )
source 1 : gold ornaments with Kali, an Indian god, carved out on it.

We can infer from this source that Temesak, which is now called Singapore, had strong relations to the Indonesians, more specifically, the Javanese. This is seen as the Javas brought their culture, being the carved ornament to Singapore as it had been found here in Singapore.

This means that the people from Java wanted to spread their strong beliefs of Kali or religion to the people in Singapore. Therefore, Singapore had a cultural connection with Indonesia before 1819 as the people from Java influenced the people in Singapore. ( paragraph and picture taken from https://www.google.com.sg/amp/s/highprotocolgp1.wordpress.com/2014/09/25/what-was-singapore-like-before-1819/amp/ )

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(yumi chia)

Source 3 :
(photograph of chinese porcelain)

We can infer that trade between China and Singapore was often, as the shards were probably brought to Singapore by Chinese traders.

I can see that they are decorated with Chinese carvings and these shards date back to the 13th century were unearthed from an excavation site in Fort Canning.

This means that Singapore had trading with China before 1819 in order to get the porcelain shards found in Fort Canning as the shards were made in China.