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Nervous System: Diabetes, Sickle Cell, Heart Disease, UTI

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Nervous System: Diabetes, Sickle Cell, Heart Disease, UTI

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Diabetes: Increased risk of nerve damage that can lead to diabetic neuropathy

Sickle Cell: Blood clots can happen in the brain/carotid causing stroke and possible brain bleeds

Heart disease: Abnormal brain activity balance causing heart to fail faster as body goes into "panic"

UTI: no affect

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Heart-- pumps blood throughout the body
Superior Vena Cava- brings deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium
Vein- carries deoxygenated blod back to the heart after it is carried out by the arteries
Ventricle- the ventricles contract during systole which pumps blood through the body
Venules- a small blood vessel that allows deoxygenated blood to return to the veins

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Function of Respiratory System: Responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling CO2
Structures:
-Nasal Cavity, Larynx, Trachea, and -Bronchial tubes make up the airway and they carry air to the lungs.
-Lungs: Take in oxygen and push it all around the body
-Alveoli:  tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.

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- To remove liquid waste from the blood in the form of urine
- Keep a stable balance of salts and other substances in the blood
- produce erythropoietin
- a hormone that aids the formation of red blood cells
- the kidneys remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons.
Functions of the structures
Kidney- Maintaining overall fluid balance. The kidney regulates and filters minerals from food, medications, and toxic substances. The kidney also creates hormones that produce red blood cells, promote bone health and regulate blood pressure.
Ureters- The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. There are two ureters, one attached to each kidney. The upper half of the ureter is located in the abdomen and the lower half is located in the pelvic area.
Bladder- The urinary bladder is a muscular sac in the pelvis, just above and behind the pubic bone. When empty, the bladder is about the size and shape of a pear. Urine is made in the kidneys and travels down two tubes called ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine, allowing urination to be infrequent and controlled.
Urethra- a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the urinary meatus for the removal of urine from the body.

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The function of this system is to digest and absorb. It breaks down food into smaller molecules.

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Main Function: Transports nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removes waste products of metabolism.
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Function of Each Structure:

Aorta - the largest artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

Arteries - smaller arteries that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body (excluding the pulmonary artery that carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.).
Arterioles - constrict and dialate to regulate blood flow and transport blood from arteries to capillaries.
Atrium - pushes blood (deoxygenated - right atrium & oxygenated - left atrium) to the corresponding ventricle.
Blood - supplies oxygen to cells and tissues, provides essential nutrients to cells, removes waste materials, and protects the body from infection and foreign bodies.
Capillaries - bring nutrients and oxygen to tissues and remove waste products

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-- Lips: Entry to the mouth
-- Salivary Glands: Produce saliva. Secretes amylaze, which is an enzyme that is used to break down starches into maltose.
--Pyloric Sphincter: Prevents food from going back into stomach once it has passed through
-- Ileum: Final part of the small intestine. It absorbs vitamin B-12 and bile salts.
-- Small Intestine: where food enters after leaving the stomach. Recieves bile and pancreatic juices.
-- Lumen: Inside space within a structure
-- Tongue: Used to taste and assist in mastication and primarily digest food.
-- Epglottis: Covers entrance to larynx.
-- Liver: Located below the diaphragm. It detoxifies, produces bile
-- Jejunem: Second part of the small intestive. It absorbes small nutrient particles. Once absorbed, nutrients enter the liver.
-- Rectum: Final portion of the large intestine. Temporary storage site for feces.

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The immune system works to protect the body from foreign diseases and pathogens to prevent illness.

Function of Each Structure:
T cells - destroy infected cells
lymph nodes- filter foreign substances
spleen- recycles old red blood cells
skin- protection from harmful objects
thymus- training T cells

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diabetes and sickle cell affects the digestive system from absorbing the nutrients

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The nervous system is responsible for the bodies reaction to things and transmitting signals to the brain.

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Function of the Nervous System Structures

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Function of the Nervous System Structures

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Spinal Cord: Connects a large part of the peripheral nervous system to the brain.
Taste Buds: Sends a chemical sense to the brain telling it what nutritional values certain food has and whether or not is harmful.
Nerves: They carry messages from part of the body to another part as little electrical signals. They are responsible for the control of the body and communication among its parts.
Olfactory Cells: They help us interpret smells, as well as taste flavors. They play a key role in our sense of smell.

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How Diabetes, Sickle Cell, Heart Disease, and UTI's affect your immune system

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How Diabetes, Sickle Cell, Heart Disease, and UTI's affect your immune system

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weakened the immunities defenses, nerve damage, increases the bodies vulnerability to infection.

increased risk for infection especially in the lungs, kidneys, bones and central nervous system

causes inflammation and promote blood vessel injury

inflammatory response, surpasses the immune system