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Additional Activities                                                                          1.	Informal chat (rule – light , spontaneous)This is a very good ice-breaker to encourage interaction among students. The topic can be random or on daily issues e.g. traffic jam, school events. The teacher can set the timing and conduct the session either in pairs, groups or whole class discussions. Through this informal session, the teacher is able to identify weak/shy students and plan his/her next activity accordingly.  2.	Discussion, group formats (rule – light, prepared)In my opinion, group dynamic and suitability of the topic are important to ensure the effectiveness of the discussions. In larger groups, students can brainstorm ideas on a project/mini research/case study and assign duties/roles among group members. Social Annotation of Text can be done in smaller groups where students read a text, analyse and provide feedback according to the set of rubrics given.    3.	Discussion, systems (rule – heavy, prepared)To start, dotmocracy may sound ideal. This is a technique for voting and recognizing levels of agreement among a group of people. For example, in a group discussion, five potential strategies for dealing with a particular problem might be suggested.  One way of accessing individual opinions on each of these alternatives in a non-threatening fashion is to write all of the options on large sheets of paper, and put these sheets of paper on the wall. Students are then each given a certain number of sticky dots, and asked to walk around the room, thinking about each of the options and putting one or more dots on the approaches they most strongly agree with. At the end of the Dotmocracy period, all participants can visually assess the opinion of the group as a whole. Alternatively, students can use markers to add a checkmark or dot as their “Vote”. This is a great activity to use after brainstorming to assess the interest of the class and focus on one of the issues students highlighted in greater depth later on. I find this activity useful for my second language learners.  

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Additional Activities                                                                          1.	Informal chat (rule – light , spontaneous)This is a very good ice-breaker to encourage interaction among students. The topic can be random or on daily issues e.g. traffic jam, school events. The teacher can set the timing and conduct the session either in pairs, groups or whole class discussions. Through this informal session, the teacher is able to identify weak/shy students and plan his/her next activity accordingly.  2.	Discussion, group formats (rule – light, prepared)In my opinion, group dynamic and suitability of the topic are important to ensure the effectiveness of the discussions. In larger groups, students can brainstorm ideas on a project/mini research/case study and assign duties/roles among group members. Social Annotation of Text can be done in smaller groups where students read a text, analyse and provide feedback according to the set of rubrics given.    3.	Discussion, systems (rule – heavy, prepared)To start, dotmocracy may sound ideal. This is a technique for voting and recognizing levels of agreement among a group of people. For example, in a group discussion, five potential strategies for dealing with a particular problem might be suggested.  One way of accessing individual opinions on each of these alternatives in a non-threatening fashion is to write all of the options on large sheets of paper, and put these sheets of paper on the wall. Students are then each given a certain number of sticky dots, and asked to walk around the room, thinking about each of the options and putting one or more dots on the approaches they most strongly agree with. At the end of the Dotmocracy period, all participants can visually assess the opinion of the group as a whole. Alternatively, students can use markers to add a checkmark or dot as their “Vote”. This is a great activity to use after brainstorming to assess the interest of the class and focus on one of the issues students highlighted in greater depth later on. I find this activity useful for my second language learners.  

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Informal Chat
This a a very useful activity as it is spontaneous and allows students to think quickly. Extempore using chits can be a very good way of initiating this activity.

Discussion, group formats
I think pairs and small group activities are best for a class of mixed level of students. Such group activities also give weaker students an opportunity to learn from other students.
However, whole group activities can be prepared or spontaneous and rule-heavy.

Discussion, systems

Spiderwebs

Prepared, rule-light

Socratic seminars

Prepared, rule-heavy

Harkness

Prepared, rule-heavy

Formal debate
This activity will be prepared with rule-heavy. Critical and serious topics can used for such debates.

Stimulus-to-interaction

Student presentation + questions + discussion

While one student present others can prepare questions while they listen.
Prepared, rule-light

Video + listening comprehension + discussion

The comprehension questions should guide the students to key elements of the video.
Prepared, rule-heavy

Role-played interactions

Role-play situations

Students can create a situation to act in.
Rule-light, spontaneous

Role-play roles

Students can act on existing novel characters or situations.
Prepared, rule-heavy

Prepared interactions

Panel discussion

This is very interesting and effective activity for the students. Each of them can discuss about one aspect of the provided topic while the rest can ask questions based on the information for further clarification.
Rule-light, prepared

Panel of experts

Students can prepare on the provided topic and prepare themselves with all the genuine background information and statistics.
Rule-heavy, prepared

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Respond to provided images
Students can be asked to respond to a provided image based on which they would discuss how stereotypes affect our vision towards someone.
This oral activity is more spontaneous and will challenge the students to think critically within a limited time frame also improving their presentation and explanatory skills.
They also have to justify their opinions specifically referring to aspects of the images.
This activity can also be recorded for the students to analyse later to reflect and evaluate on their performances and points they discussed.
This can also be a pair activity. One student can ask guided questions to the other, also adding their own ideas to generate the discussion like a conversation about the images.

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Role-play roles
Students of HL can be asked recreate the scene from the novel studied in class and role play keeping the plot similar, however, changing its setting, dialogue and music accordingly, making it appropriate to the modern days.
They can improvise on the experiences and further impact of the event.

Here the students examine the existing character and also have an opportunity to input their ideas keeping in mind the actual gist  of the character.
This can be a small group activity so that each student can share their own ideas based on the current time and culture they live in.

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The goal of this activity is to have everyone participate in the discussion. We trace a line from on speaker to the next that intervenes so that at the end if they have all participated it looks like a spiderweb. The activity requires minimum preparation and the main rule is that everyone has to intervene in the discussion

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Gurmeet Kaur Arji Singh
Lorena Botella Salinas
Noufa Sadia

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In groups in the Teaching oral interaction discussion forum, discuss variations on, and improvements to, the suggested activities, and suggest additional, different activities which promote effective interactive language use.