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Image from Guidetooilpainting.com. (2019). Basic Forms - Oil Painting Techniques. [online] Available at: http://guidetooilpainting.com/basicForms.html [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

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To first define, the term form can mean several different things in art but it os one of the seven element of art and connotes a three-dimensional object in space and it is also used to describe the physical nature of the artwork (Marder, 2019).  On the other hand, a picture or painting is defined as a plane surface covered with colors arranged in a certain order according to Maurice Denise. A painting or picture exists when these conditions are fulfilled. Maurice Denis claims that painting is abstract and not representational. While Etienne Gilson defines Painting or Picture as a solid surface, which the artist covers with colored forms whose arrangement is pleasing to the eye through the unity of form, the harmony of the parts and the perfection of the execution.  In painting, an illusion of thee-dimensional form is possible through the application of lighting and shadows with the help of value and tone. In painting, we perceive it and begin to realize it as a whole by looking at the shapes which help us identify the outer contour of an object, while light, value and shadow help us to give an object form and context in space in order for us to fully identify it (Marder, 2019). If there’s a greater contrast in value, the more pronounced the three-dimensional form becomes (Marder, 2019).

There are different materials and techniques that are used in painting; materials include watercolor, oil, acrylic, mixed, tempera and wax, while its subjects can be landscape, portraits, still life, genre, history, mythology and religion. There are also different elements: line, color, texture, space, value and shape. On the other hand, the principles of painting include emphasis and subordination, balance, scale and proportion, harmony and contrast. All of these should be considered in Painting because each of them represent a certain value that contributes to the entirety of the artwork.

However, it’s the artist’s decision what particular medium to use such depending on the outcome that he/she wants to achieve. The form, medium and technique used to create a painting is entirely dependent on the artist. Painting is important in Fine Arts because it can be naturalistic and representational; it represent the thoughts and feelings of a painter. Painting also brings a part of history that can never be erased; it is another way to imitate life that happened in the past. The form, medium and technique used to create a painting is entirely dependent on the artist’s decision.

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Starry Night is created by Vincent van Gogh which can be found in the Museum of Modern Art, New York. Its height is 73.70cm while its length is 92.10cm. The medium used to create this painting is oil while its support is canvas. The subject of this painting is landscape and its art movement is post-impressionism. In this painting, night sky was portrayed with whirling clouds and a crescent moon. When you look at the painting, your eyes go directly to the cypress tree; it is the most eye-catching element because of its size and color. The tree is associated with mourning as it is painted in the same way as the sky. According to research, Starry Night was made during a period of Van Gogh’s life where he was sad which makes it possible that the cypress tree is filled with emotions; it depicts how the artist’s mind and mental health are uncharacteristically together compared to other’s mind (Dowding-Green, 2018). In this painting, the forms are used to bring emotion; people say that the night sky is a representation of Van Gogh’s illness.

The choice of dominated colors in this painting are mostly different shades of blue and yellow. It also used white which comes with yellow to create a spiral effect and draws attention to the sky. The dark blues and greens were also used to show the reflection of the moon. The buildings in the paintings are painted with yellows, oranges and greens. In this painting, emotions are easily felt through colors.

Since this painting is considered as one of the most popular artworks of all times, there have been a lot of interpretations by different people that were created through time. But to describe it, Van Gogh shows in the painting the darkness of the night and balances it with the light that peeks through the window, and that the stars are filling the sky which seems to show that there will always be a light to guide you. Van Gogh’s starry night was based on his observations, memories, emotions and imagination. The church shows a resemblance to his native Holland, while the whirling forms in the sky represent astronomical observations of clouds of dust and gas which is known as nebulae. The combination of the visual contrasts that he used just show how he founds beauty and interest in the night time.

Image from wallpapers, S. (2019). 64+ Starry Night Wallpapers on WallpaperPlay. [online] Wallpaperplay.com. Available at: https://wallpaperplay.com/board/starry-night-wallpapers [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

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Medium. (2019). An evaluation of the interpretations of Vincent Van Gogh’s Starry Night. [online] Available at: https://medium.com/@raphaeladowdinggreen/an-evaluation-of-the-interpretations-of-vincent-van-goghs-starry-night-cf1352edd589 [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

Guidetooilpainting.com. (2019). Basic Forms - Oil Painting Techniques. [online] Available at: http://guidetooilpainting.com/basicForms.html [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

Visual-arts-cork.com. (2019). Fine Art Painting: History, Mediums, Genres. [online] Available at: http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/fine-art-painting.htm [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

Moma.org. (2019). MoMA | Vincent van Gogh. The Starry Night. 1889. [online] Available at: https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/vincent-van-gogh-the-starry-night-1889/ [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

Encyclopedia Britannica. (2019). painting | History, Elements, Techniques, Types, & Facts. [online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/art/painting [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

Artble. (2019). Starry Night Analysis. [online] Available at: https://www.artble.com/artists/vincent_van_gogh/paintings/starry_night/more_information/analysis [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

ThoughtCo. (2019). The Definition of Form in Art. [online] Available at: https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-form-in-art-182437 [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].

wallpapers, S. (2019). 64+ Starry Night Wallpapers on WallpaperPlay. [online] Wallpaperplay.com. Available at: https://wallpaperplay.com/board/starry-night-wallpapers [Accessed 6 Nov. 2019].