# data[].attributes.body
Push: Because this is an image I have to infer that a push factor could be the segregation that the African American people must face in the South as the train car itself in this image is segregated.

Pull: Because of segregation in the South you can infer that the African Americans living there are compelled to move up North because based on both prior knowledge and other sources I know that the North is less segregated than the South and that is if it is segregated at all.

Perspectives:
-The perspective shown is more that of the photographer than the actual people on the train, but even then you can only see what the photographer is seeing not the photographer themselves; so you still do not know their actual perspective.
-The actual perspective of the photographer could help us gain more understanding to their true purpose behind this photo. Was it to be used to abolish or promote segregation. Or was the photographer simply just taking a photo at the train station.

-The perspective of the people on the train isn’t necessarily missing as you can see them in the image, but simply seeing the two of them on the train doesn’t fully express how their feelings or what their thinking, especially since you can’t see their facial expressions.
-Through simply have a better view of the people on the train, or even what they are looking out at, it could help us to understand more of what they were feeling. If they are looking back at their family we can guess they might be sad, or if they are looking back at an angry white man we could guess they were fearful or angry.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Title
A Jim-Crow car for Negroes only, Fayetteville, N.C.
Collection

Dates / Origin

Library locations

Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Jean Blackwell Hutson Research and Reference Division

Shelf locator: IEC (Nearing, S. Black America) Sc 323.173-N (Nearing, S. Black America)

Topics

United States -- Race relations

North Carolina

African Americans -- Segregation

Segregation in transportation -- United States

Fayetteville (N.C.)

Genres

Photographs

Physical Description

Halftone photomechanical prints

Type of Resource

Still image

Identifiers

NYPL catalog ID (B-number): b11570495

Universal Unique Identifier (UUID): 44983dd0-c62b-012f-3a7c-58d385a7bc34

Rights Statement

The New York Public Library believes that this item is in the public domain under the laws of the United States, but did not make a determination as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. This item may not be in the public domain under the laws of other countries. Though not required, if you want to credit us as the source, please use the following statement, "From The New York Public Library," and provide a link back to the item on our Digital Collections site. Doing so helps us track how our collection is used and helps justify freely releasing even more content in the future.

Item timeline of events

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
A Jim-Crow car for Negroes only, Fayetteville, N.C.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
TitleA Jim-Crow car for Negroes only, Fayetteville, N.C. Collection Dates / Origin Library locations Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Jean Blackwell Hutson Research and Reference Division Shelf locator: IEC (Nearing, S. Black America) Sc 323.173-N (Nearing, S. Black America) Topics United States -- Race relations North Carolina African Americans -- Segregation Segregation in transportation -- United States Fayetteville (N.C.)

# data[].attributes.body
Complaint: One complaint of the article is that there is a lot of work for the people of color.

Another is that they are paying them the same as the white people.

Missing Perspectives: We are missing the perspective of the white workers.

We are missing the perspective of the workers of color.

What if we added the perspectives: If we add the perspective of the white workers we would know how they feel and what they want to do with the workers of color.

If we add the perspective of the workers of color we would know what they feel and how they respond to the advertisement.

# data[].attributes.body
Push: They left the south due to injustice in the courts, unrest, and lack of privileges, just to name a few.

Pull: The people of color came up north to help fight for organized labor.

Missing Perspectives: We don’t have the perspectives of the people of color who stayed in the South because the point of view is from a person of color that moved North.

We don’t have the perspectives of the Northern government which means that we don’t have a clue on how they feel from this source.

What if we added the perspectives: It would give us more information on how the other people who aren’t migrants felt on the migrants moving into the north. We would get the reasons on why some people didn't leave the south and if they regret not leaving.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Citation Information

Woodson, Carter Godwin, excerpt from "A century of negro migration," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/57cb01d35f73f3f2522ed959df112c80.

Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
An excerpt from *A Century of Negro Migration* by Carter G. Woodson, 1918.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Citation Information Woodson, Carter Godwin, excerpt from "A century of negro migration," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/57cb01d35f73f3f2522ed959df112c80. Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

# data[].attributes.body
Complaint: One complaint is that the people of color started to date white people.

Another complaint is that there was very cruel punishments.

Missing Perspectives: We are missing the perspective of the person of color that is being punished.

We are also missing the perspective of the public but we can infer what they feel by the title of the article.

What if we added the perspectives: If we added the perspective of the person being punished we would know if he regrets his decision or if he feels he deserves what he is getting.

If we add the perspective of the public we would know why they want such a cruel punishment for the person of color.

# data[].attributes.body
Push: South is very democratic and according to this source it is the democrats that have taken away African American privileges.

Pull: The ability to have equal life insurance as a white man in places such as Missouri and Kansas City

Perspectives:
-Through all of the perspectives shown there never really was one that expressed the views of the democrats in the South that the source was speaking of.
-Even one example of their opinion would allow for the reader to not only understand the views of the democratic South, but to apply those views to the rest of the very Republican sponsored newspaper and would aid them to comprehend the need for these Africans Americans to move to the North.

-While the source showed many reasons for the African Americans of the South to move to the North it did not necessarily give any specific examples.
-One example of an African American perspective could strengthen the source because while the entirety of the source does express a lot of positives for the African Americans, it doesn’t express how available those positives are.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Search America's historic newspaper pages from 1789-1963 or use the U.S. Newspaper Directory to find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present. Chronicling America is sponsored jointly by the National Endowment for the Humanities external link and the Library of Congress. Learn more

Image provided by: State Historical Society of Missouri; Columbia, MO

Newspaper Page Text

3
The Sun 5c a Copy
EVERYWHERE
12 PAGES TODAY
The Sun 5c a Copy
EVERYWHERE
12 PAGES TOO AY
VOL. XXIV, NO. 2 eWpr.tt KANSAS Cm, MISSOURI, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 9, 1920.
nl.. under the act of March S, 187. . ' i r- t 1 v
, Nelson C. Crew Editor and Owner
Wllla Qlenn Peebles General Manager
PRICE, 5c.
Presidin
Usurch
LOVE BROS. BUY ANOTHER THEATRE THE PANAMA ON 12TH ST.
PROF. BOWSER'S ARTICLE OF LAST WEEK PROVOKES SPIRITED REPLY
Negro Life Insurance Company Organ
ized in Kansas City. Mo. "
Have Launched Campaign to Place One Million Dollars Worth of
' Life Insurance on the Lives of Negroes in Mis-
souri, in Ninety Days.
Wo believe that our people in Kan
sas City and the State of Missouri
possess Just as much race pride as
our people in Georgia, Alabama and
other southern states. We believe
that it our people can organize and
operate large Insurance companies In
the southern states we can do it in
Missouri.
We believe that our people in Mis
souri want the very best Insurance
that money can buy. Wo believe that
our Negro population in Missouri
PROF. J. DALLAS BOWSER.
Whose pungent and courageous aS
tides on "Honesty in Business," has
provoked much discussion and has
brought a flood of letters of congrat
ulation and commendation from repre
sentative men and women of the race
from all sections of the Country. The
Sun is proud of Prof. Bowser.
would welcome a strong Negro Life
Insurance Company, and would rally
to its support; knowing that it would
create positions for our young men
and women, who are sacrificing their
time and money in high schools and
colleges qualifying themselves for
better positions.
With these thoughts in mind a few
of Kansas Cities successful and reli
able business and professional men
in the persons of T. B. Watkins, C.
H. Calloway, W. C. Hueston, Dr. Wm
J. Thompklns, Dr. Geo. W. Hodgepeth
Dr. L. P. Richarson, Dr. J. B. Dibble,
Prof. J. n. E. Lee, Prof. A. 0. Coffin,
Dr. J. E. Perry, J. J. Allen and A. E.
Beck organized an insurance com
pany to be known as Mid-West Life
Insurance Company,
These men will constitute the board
of directors and officers for the first
fiscal year. The company will oper
ate under the stringent insurance
laws of the state, which will guar
antee every policy holder tho same
protection as any other insurance
company incorporated under the stip
ulated premium plan.
Tho company's present capital and
surplus is J15.000, and it Is the inten
tion of the directors to increase tho
capital to $100,000 as soon as possible
and branch out into other states.
Every NeKrouiln .Kansas City,, as
well as the state ot Missouri, who is
of insurable age and can qualify phy
sically ought to take a policy with
this company. -Don't wait for a
agent to call on you, but write or
phone the office and one of the com
pany's representatives will gladly call
on you and explain the different fea
tures ot their policies.
The company is now writing ordin
ary life, twenty payment life and
twenty year endowment policies.
Life insurance is not only one of
the best systematic plans of saving,
but it ts the surest way to build up
an estate that will take care of you
in old age and will take care of your
family after death.
We are appealing to tho THINK
ING Colored men and women, to take
a policy with the Mid-West Lite In
surance Company, and become one or
Its 'charter members. Tho oftlco is
at 1518 E. 18ttT street. Phone Bell
Clifton 2750. Adv.
Negro Bishops Honored
(By the Associated Negro Press.)
Philadelphia, Pa. A public recep
tion In the Academy of Music was
tendered last night to Bishops Robert
E. Jones and Matthew W. Clair, the
first men of the race to bo elected to
such honors In the Methodist Epls--copal
Church. It was held under the
auspices of tho churches of the Dela
ware Conferenco in Philadelphia and
vicinity.
Bishop Joseph F. Berry presided
and all the speakers alluded to tho
event as an outstanding achievement
of race recognition. Among those
who spoko were Rev. John F. Fletch
er, district superlantendent 'of the
Philadelphia district, Dr. L. C. Mur
. dock, area secretary, and Rev. C. A.
Tindley.
The two .bishops in whose honor
tho reception was held were elected
ot tin na Mnlnos Conference last
May. Bishop Jones, who halls from'
New Orleans, and was formerly edi
tor' ot tho Southwestern Christian
Advocate, said it was the duty of the
church to bring about better relations
Tjetween the races. He did not be
lieve in the superiority of the white
race, he continued, but realized that
it was at present the exponent of the
moral, spiritual and intellectual ideaB
of tho civilized world.
Bishop Clair comes from Wash
ington, D. C, where he is pastor of
the Anbury M. E. church. Ho leaves
in December to become Bishop of LI
berla. He tolft of the duty of the
church to Liberia and asked that It
extend Its missionary operations
there. Ho asked lor funds wherewith
to buy a steam launch to aid him In
his missionary work.
After the exercises In the Academy
of Muslo a banquet was served In
East Calvary Church.
Paris Dance Club every Wednesday
night at Lyric Hall.
Jeff's Raisin pies, COc.
LINCOLN UNIVERSITY OPENS
WITH FULL ENROLLMENT.
Football Schedule.
With many well prepared men be
ing refused admittance for lack of
room,. Lincoln University has opened
its full term with an entering class
of 80, the largest in its history. Theso
men, who come from all parts of the
country,- from Porto Rico to Los An
geles, are without exception graduates
ot a four year high school course or
Its equivalent. They are a likely
bunch of men.
Coach F. D. Pollard, with the assist
ance of former Captain Ira Bird of
Philadelphia, Is driving tho football
team hard in preparation for an unus
uallyheavy schedule this season. The
schedule includes the following
23 Morgan College, at
games:
October
Lincoln.
October 30 Shaw University, at"
Philadelphia.
November 6 Hampton Institute, at
Hampton.
November 13 Wllberforce Univer
sity, at Pittsburgh.
November 25 Howard University,
at Washington.
Plans are being drawn for an orna
mental Alumni Gate or archway to
bo erected at the entrance ot the
campus In honor ot tho Lincoln men
who served in the war.
Lewis A. Eaton, A. M., ot Harris
burg, has been added to the faculty
as instructor In chemistry.
Jeffs three-layer cakes. 15c a slice.
Jeff's Apple pies, COc.
WANTED: ,
25 young ladles to take part In a
ngwly organized band.. Thoso with
musical knowledge preferred. Others
considered.
Miss May Williams,
Call Clifton 1396.
1022 Woodland 2-9-16-23.
, ; r
Jeffs three-layer cakes. 15c a slice.
Falls Dead In Pulpit
(By the Associated Negro Press.)
Chadbourne, N. C Charles Len
non, put a tragic period to his ser
mon at Prodlg Baptist church, six
miles north of here, when, with the
words: "It Is finished," he toppled
backward in his pulpit.
When members of the congregation
reached him he was dead. Rev. Len
non was 70 years old and was well
known throughout this section.
-4
LOVE BROS. PURCHASE PAN-
AIVIA THEATRE.
Geo. W. K. and Frank W. Love
have purchased the Panama Thea-
tro located at 12th and Woodland
Avenue, and will take charge of
samo Sunday, October 17th. Much
repairing and new furnishings
will be dono before tho opening
date. The name of tho theatre
has been changed from "Panama
Theatre to Love's Theatre No. 2,
and the same high class attrac-
Hons that are presented In the
Vine street house will be present-
ed at their 12th street house.
GRAND MUSICALE BY PROF.
JACKSON.
Those who know and love good
music ' should secure their . tickets
now to tho grandest recital ever giv
en by Prof. R. G. Jackson at Armory
Hall, Cottage and Vino streets. Prof.
Jackson will be assisted by some of
the best -local" talent in the two Kan
sa3 Cities. Mr.' "Wm. Fairfax will al
so appear on the program and recite"!
some of his humorous catchey num
bers. The entertainment will be given
under the auspices of the C. M. Alex
ander Tabernacle No. 68.
Mr. Glenn White oU Butler, Mo.,
vlisted his rothers, Ermine White and
Roscoe White.
NAH'UM' DANIEL BRASCHER
the brilliant Editor in Chief of the Associated Negro Press of America who
has done yeomen service for Negro papers in particular and the race in
general during the past year.
Dr. E. C. Morris, President Nation-' of Helena, Ark., passed through the
al Baptist Convention In company City enroute to Wichita, Kansas,
with Rev. Moseley of the" Taernacie ! They were guests while hero of Rev.
Baptist church, St. Louis, Rev. McGee I S. W. Bacote.
Negroes to California
(By the Associated Negro Press.)
Los Angeles, Calif. Tho possibility
of Colored people taking the place of
Asiatics as farm workers in Califor
nia, was discussed today at the na
tional convention of the Industrial
and Commercial Council of People of
African Descent.
W. H. Sanders, a Los Angeles dele
gate, said he was in direct touch with
at least 5,000 Colored men who will
come to California totakeuptruckgar
dening in case persons ot oriental
races are barred from further colon
ization in this state. He said the
workers would be headed by gradu
ates ot the agricultural department of
Tuskegee Instlttue. Generally, how
ever, the Colored people look upon
tho exclusion of Japanese as racial
discrimination.
THE STRANGERS CLUB.
The Strangers Club met with Mrs.
C. H. Birch, No. 4 Lombard street,
Kansas City, Kas., and the following
election of officers was present: Rosa
B. Scott, Pres.; Mrs. Etta Hagwood,
Vice Pres.; Daisy Cole, Secy.; Mrs.
Susie Harrington, Asst. Secy.; Miss
Anna Grear, Treas.; Mrs. Mary A.
Williams, Asst. Treas.; Grant Letch
er, Chaplain.
The hostess then served a delight
ful buffet luncheon for which the
Club was very grateful. Tho next
meeting will be held Wednesday,
October 13, at tho residence of Mrs.
Mary A. Williams, 1727 Harrison.
Each member is requested to bring a
friend,,
ROSA' S.' SCOTT, Pres.
DAISY COLE, Secy.
We teach yo uevery Saturday night
at the Lyric Hall, Roscoe White and
H. B. Hawkins, Managers Dancing
Academy.
Jeffs Lemon pies, COc.
Harding's Creed for Humanity
Republican Candidates
Stand for
Freedom and
Equal Opportunity
MMiMHaBBnilMHnHaNnBMMM
A Square Deal
Senator
WARREN G. HARDING
Governor
CALVIN COOUDGE
A VOTE FOR THIS TICKET OPENS THE DOOR OF HOPE
Every right and every privilege of Citizenship that the Colored American
Enjoys Came Through the Republican Party. Every Reprisal Against His
Citizenship, Every Constitutional Privilege He Has Lost Was Taken By
the Democratic Party.
The Democratic party, its platform and its candidates have all ignored the.
twelve millions of colored citizens, who defended the flag in time of war
and loaned to the Government one-fifth of their wealth.
BEAR THIS IN MIND
Thousands of colored people who have moved into Northern labor centers
from the Democratic South, CAN VOTE, provided they hold the qualifica
tions of other men. The fact that they are colored does not interfere. Tell
them of this privilege, and direct them to their county or city chairman of
the Republican organization, who will be glad to give them full instructions.
R
EPUBLICAN PARTY
IGHTS FOR THE RACE!
D
EMOCRATIC PARTY
ANGERS FOR THE RACE!
THINK and VOTE AS YOU THINK
Colored People
Leaving the South
(By the Associated Negro Press.)
Memphis. Tenn. Saturday and Sun.
day night, for a number of weeks
irom lour to six coaches are attached
to the reeular trains na "pttraa" tn
carry the Colored passengers bound
for Northern communities. This
northern migration has kept up all
during the summer, and many predict
ed that it would cease when fall
weather set In, but such has not been
the case to date. Not only are tho
people going North, families of those
who have gone before, but hundreds
who have never before been North,
also are going.
JOHN DONALDSON.
the race's premier ball player who
says the Monarches will take at least
one of the two games to be played
with the All Star National Leaguers
Saturday and Sunday.
NEGRO TRAINMEN TO MEET
HERE.
The Inter State Association of Ne
gro Trainmen of America will meet in
Kansas City, Missouri, at the Second
Baptistchurch, 10th and Charlotte
streets, October 18, 19 and 20 to dis
cuss affiliation, combination and oth
er grave matters that confront the
Negro employes of the railroad cor
poration. They are not organlizng nor com
bining themselves against industries
but rather for them. The meet
ing will be called to order by
Chairman Pollard, October 18. at 11
a. m., at which time the Chairman
will deliver an address entitled "Get
together." After which Mr. R. A. Bu
ford, General Secretary and Treasur
er will speak on "The Life of the Or
der and Its Needs." The meeting on
the ISth and 19th will be for train
men affiliated and nonaffiliated, while
the meeting of the 20th will be ex
clusively for members of the organ
ization On the evening ot tho 19th at 7:30
the welcome address will be deliver
ed by Mayor James G. Cowgill other
addresses will bo delivered by Mr. E.
T. Barbour, General Counsellor of
the Order of EIReno, Okla., and Nel
son C. Crews, Editor of the Kansas
City Sun. The public in general Is
invited to this session.
By Order of Committee.
Colored Woman
Defends Character
(By the Associated Negro Press.)
Memphis, Tenu. Mrs. Carrie Shep
herd entered a bill against the Lin
coln Fire Insurance Company In tho
circuit court for $10,000 as compensa
tion for ( ' alleged remarks made in
derogation ot her character by tho do
fendant in a letter purporting to glvo
reasons why payment on a policy had
been refused her.
t
THE BRUTE.
No photoplay shown In this city
this year has attracted as much, at
tention and drawn such enormous
crowds as Oscar MIcheaux's gripping
thrilling drama, wTho Brute" shown
at tho beautiful Lincoln Theatre .dur
ing this entire week. Tho Sun con
gratulates both tho author and the
management ot tho Lincoln for giving
Kansas Cltlans an opportunity to see
this play.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Kansas City sun. (Kansas City, Mo.) 1908-1924, October 09, 1920, Image 1

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Search America's historic newspaper pages from 1789-1963 or use the U.S. Newspaper Directory to find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present. Chronicling America is sponsored jointly by the National Endowment for the Humanities external link and the Library of Congress.

# data[].attributes.body
Push: According to the writer of the letter the reason for wanted to leave the south is the fact that everything is difficult.

Pull: Since she is very anxious about leaving the South she sees the help of the church as a way to ease her fear and aid her in the move.

Perspectives:
-The perspective of the writer's family is not included in this source, of which could possibly have given us more of an idea of what was so difficult about the about living in the South.
-Through seeing the perspective of the authors family we could possibly gain a more complete idea as to why they want to leave the South. It would help us to understand further the difficulties the person was writing of and aid us to understand their need for the Church's influence.

-In this source we don’t know the perspective of the person of the Bethlehem Baptist Church that the author is writing to, we don’t even know if they actually received the letter.
-Through seeing the perspective of the church we would be able to know other accounts from differing people who have written to them in the past before, and it would also allow us to understand what the church actually does to help the people in need of their aid.

# data[].attributes.body
Complaint or Opinion

-As the Immigrants would enter into the north the people that were already there were taken out of jobs or given less due to others being able to do the job for less (the southerners).

- They were given jobs because people felt bad for them and they were more willing to do jobs but also companies were shut down because they were overpopulated and this was something that drastically changed how people thought this would turn out.

Missing Perspectives Missing perspectives from this would be the northerns and how this changed their farming and how things could have either advanced or got worse. Another missing perspective would be the people still in the south of those who did not come to the north out of fear.
Explanation of Perspectives -This could show how much everything has changed and the cause or it. - The other perspective could show us if things really had gotten better for them with everything they had hoped for or dreaded of.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Citation Information

Excerpt from "Chicago race riots," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/fdcc39397ea71349814d341173548f29.

Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
An excerpt from *Chicago Race Riots*, a 1919 analysis of the race riots in Chicago during the "Red Summer."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Digital Public Library of America brings together the riches of America's libraries, archives, and museums, and makes them freely available to the world.

# data[].attributes.body
Push: The south white men distort the facts about African Americans.

Pull: The northern white people are more accepting of the African Americans.

Perspectives:
-One perspective that's missing is the native perspective. It only shows the African Americans perspective, partially since it's coming from an African American and partially because it is trying to remain honest and not biased, but it is a little biased because it’s coming from an African American, or at least some might see it that way.

-Another perspective that is missing is the Northern white people's perspective. They are included a little bit but not really, it just says that they have a different view because of their distance from the south. But it doesn’t talk about what their view actually is or why they may have a different view on the subject.

-Adding this perspective would provide more accurate facts and help people with their opinion on the subject. It would also help it to seem less biased. Adding this perspective would lessen the feeling of persuasion to be on the African Americans side and help them to have all the facts and decide for themselves.

-Adding this perspective would help show everyone's opinion and all of the facts. It would also help us to see why so many African Americans want to move up to the north and how the northerners feel about it.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Citation Information

Douglass, Frederick, excerpt from "Why is the Negro lynched?," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/6c945714aa04820f6905dd29cf8806b8.

Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
An excerpt from an 1895 printing of "Why is the Negro Lynched?" one of the final essays written by Frederick Douglass before his death.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Citation Information Douglass, Frederick, excerpt from "Why is the Negro lynched?," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/6c945714aa04820f6905dd29cf8806b8. Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

# data[].attributes.body
Push: The south is unforgivable with very little pay and no freedom.

Pull: In the North they are allowed to have land and have rights along with a job.
Missing Perspectives -A perspective that is missing is the view of the southern and how they feel about the African Americans leaving.
-Another missing perspective is the view of the northern and how they feel about all of the African Americans coming to the north and taking their jobs.
Explanation of Missing Perspectives
-This could really show us the real reason about everything in the south and how it really affects them.
- This perspective would give us more reasoning about the brothers and their expression towards the whole situation and if they really want this to happen or not.

# data[].attributes.body
Zach

Complaint: -Kids: The kids seem to be okay with being taught by someone of color.

-The general public: The general public must be okay with their kids being taught by a teacher of color

Missing Perspectives:

One perspective that was missing was the perspective of the photographer.

We also are missing the perspective of the general public but we can infer what they feel like.

What if we added the perspectives: If we added the perspectives of the general public we would have more info on how they felt on sending their kids to school to be taught by a teacher of color.

If we added the perspective of the photographer we would know if he felt uncomfortable with taking the picture or not.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Citation Information

Woodson, Carter Godwin, "A result of the migration; A Negro teacher with pupils of both races," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/7a981303e8a0f07aeb36a72a7cf92a15.

Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
A 1922 photograph by Carter G. Woodson captioned "A result of the migration. A Negro teacher with pupils of both races."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Citation Information Woodson, Carter Godwin, "A result of the migration; A Negro teacher with pupils of both races," Digital Public Library of America, http://dp.la/item/7a981303e8a0f07aeb36a72a7cf92a15. Note: These citations are programmatically generated and may be incomplete.

# data[].attributes.body
Complaint or Opinion-The white soldiers returning from war need jobs but they come home to find African Americans in the jobs and they aren't happy
Jobs and homes were taken and we're supposed to be expected when the soldiers came home but they instead were housed by African Americans.
Missing Perspectives The perspective of those who this didn’t really affect and how they thought about everything. Another is how the African Americans felt or if they even knew what they had done.
Explanation of Perspectives This could show us the severity of this and how it was really affect everyone or how it wasn't affecting them. This could show us how they were being treated and they're point of view a little more than the natives since they had come there to be free.

# data[].attributes.body
Complaint/Opinion:
-Some people think that African Americans are being brought up North to help sway the government vote towards republican.

-Others see the movement of African Americans as being solely for economic reasons.

Perspectives:
-This source expresses a lot of the perspective of the man that is bringing over the African Americans, but it doesn’t show any of the views of the actual African American workers being brought over.
-Through seeing the actual perspective of the African American workers we would be able to know what it is like to be put on these trains. We would have more of a clear idea as to how the conditions were and how the people form the North actual contacted them.Also, it would allow us to know if they thought the move was actually worth it and even what they might have had to leave behind.

-Because of the wording of the source the perspective of the Southern natives can be inferred but it is not entirely clear.
-Through giving the reader a clear understanding of the perspective of the Southern natives it could not only make the story more than one sided, but it could then possible solidify the general public's opinion on bringing the African Americans to the North.

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Newspaper Page Text

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WEATHER FORECAST:
Fair tonight and tomorrow.
(Full Report on Page Two.)
HOME
EDITION
NUMBER 90'62.
WASHINGTON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 23, 1916.
PRICE ONE CENT.
"X T
rl
;t
IT
FQRFSFESG.O.PiVACKENSEN 'S
MAJ0RITY0F10
IN THE HOUSE
Chairman Woods, of Congress
ional Campaign Committee,
Confident of Success.
MUST CHANGE 12 DISTRICTS
Republican Gain in Sixteen
States Now Seems Sure,
Reports Say.
NEW YORK, Oct. 23. That the next
House 1b to be Republican by a small
but comfortable working majority was
the report made to National Chairman
William R. Wilcox by Congressman
Prank P. Woods, of Iowa, head of the
Republican Congressional campaign
committee.
The committees ha been ' conducting
Its own campaign 'for the election of a
Republican House, with offices In this
city, Washington and Chicago. I Con
gressman Woods, who puts In most of
his tlmo In Washington, conferred with
Mr. Wlllcox and with Senator John W.
Weeks of the Senatorial committee, with
which the Congressional committee la
co-operating.
The fight for the next House of Repre
sentatives has bcon exceedingly bitter
in the lost few weeks, and It was ad
mitted by Republicans that the number
of doubtful districts had Increased rath
er than diminished In this time. It Is
the labor centers which aro causing
trouble.
Adamson Eight-Hour Law Argument
Reports received by the, commltteo
show that Samuel Oompers and the
American Federation of Labor are at
work with speakers and literature In
cvory one of these districts trying to
elect Democratic Congressmen, using
the Adamson law as their chief argu
ment.
The political activities of the federn
tlon. according to those in close touch
with this situation, exceed anything
vever seen, and the labor leaders are
making a terrlflo drlvo In many dis
tricts, which ordinarily would be con
sidered safely Republican. The result
of this has been to make prognostica
tions regarding the Congressional elec
tion difficult
The Democratic majority in tho pres
ent House IS Twenty-three. To insure
a Republican House tho Republicans
must carry at least twelve of the
Democratlo districts and hold their
present strength. While Congressman
Woods and his associates are not ready
ns yet to give out any figured, they
havo told Chairman Wlllcox and other
Republicans here that they expect to
win tho House by at least ten seats.
Estimate Ib Conservative.
This Is a most conservative estimate,
however, and is based on conditions as
they aro at tho present time. It Is the
general belief that conditions will Im
prove in tho next two weeks, and some
(Continued on Second Page.)
Asked One Flower
Of Each Mourner
Will of Wiliam H. Beck, Also Stip
ulated That There Be No
Funeral Sermon.
Disposition of an estate valued at
approximately 00,000 Is made in the
wUl of William II .Beck, filed for pro
bate in the District Supreme Court to
day. "I wish no more than ono slnglo
flower from any single person," says the
testator; "no music, and no religious
services other than those of the Grand
Army, but do wish that any of my
friends who have anything to say will
be allowed to do so, as I prefer this to
the perfunctory sermons by clorgymen."
A sum of $1,600 Is devised by the will
to covor the expenses, traveling and
hotel, of threo friends of tho deceased
to the testator's funeral.
Bequesta of 11,000 each are made to
Children's Hospital, the Homo for In
curables, and tho Kplsoopal, Bye, Ear,
and Throat Hospital.
A dozen or more Government em
ployes, friends of the testator during
his life are made beneficiaries ef be
quests ranging from $100 to 11,009 by
the terms of the will. Among theso
beneficiaries are miss mna .-uorse, miss
Mary K. Bates, Miss Isabel Smith,
Navv Department; Miss Queenle Bmlth,
General Land .Oftlco; Mrs. Clara B.
Taylor. Miss Mary R. Wilcox. Bureau
of Indian Affairs, and Mrs. Nellie K.
Fealy, of tho Department of Agrlcul-
Af'ter numerous other similar be
quests, the testator leaves 150,000 to.
Royel C. Beok. a nephew, of Philadel
phia; $20,000 to Harry C. Beok, an
other nephew; $60,000 to Ada B.
Myers; nnd to Mrs. Mary U. McCoy
35,000 and an annuity of $200 a year.
Valeria R. Myers Is left the residue
of the estato and Is named as execu
tor. WAR HAS EFFECT ON
"MILADY'S LINES"
More Exercise And Less Fattening
Food Responsible.
NEW YORK. Oct. 23. War has mado
German women thin and given them
"elegant lines," according to Mme.
Frieda Hcmpel, Just back from Switz
erland. Where they formerly only attended
to their household duties, they are now
doing patriotic tasks, she says, and,
what Is more, tho pinch of food short
age causes them to eat less fattening
foods. . .. .
Germany wants peace, she declared,
and President Wilson has a great op
portunity to be peacemaker, ,.
ROUTS ROUMANIANS,
T A If IMP rnTQTAM7A
,u
invading forces in Dobrudja upture most
Important Roumanian Seaport and Ter
minus of Railroad; Hailed by Berlin as
Greatest Victory of Campaign.
BERLIN. Oct. 23. Constanza, Roumania.'s greatest seaport,
and only commercial outlet to
Field Marshal Mackensen's armies, it was officially announced tnis
afternoon.
Capture of the city is the greatest single achievement for the
central powers since Roumania entered the war eight weeks ago.
The victory is hailed by German military men as of more imp
portance than all the gains made by the allies since the Somme
offensive began.
Official dispatches from the German and Bulgarian war offices
indicate that the Russo-Roumanians have suffered a disastrous rout.
Smashing northward along the Black Sea coast, Mackensen's
army occupied first the Roumanian port of Tuzla and then swept
onward through strongly fortified Roumanian lines of defense,
marching twelve miles to Constanza in a little more than two days.
The rapidity of the Teutonic advance is accepted as an indi
cation that the Russians and Roumanians became demoralized and
made an extremely disordered retreat.
BERLIN EXPECTED VICTORY.
An official statement from Sofia earlier
In the day, reporting the capture of a
village six miles south of Constanza,
prepared Berlin for news of a great vic
tory. No surprise was manifested hero
when It was announced that Mackcnsen
had pushed on through the ruins of tho
old Trajan's wall and had occupied Con
stanza itself.
Since Roumania entered the war, Rus
sian trasports have been bringing Slav
troops, munitions, and other war sup
plies to the aid of the Roumanians.
TWELVE BODIES ARE
TAKEN FROM MINE
Expect Deaths From Explosion
to Reach Probably Twenty
When Rescue Is Over.
BIRMINGHAM, Ala.. Oct. 23,-The
death list resulting from tho gas ox
plosion In tho Marvel mine, thirty-five
miles south of Birmingham, will con
tain fifteen and possibly twenty names,
it became known today, when the
twelfth body was brought out by res
cuers. They reported at least three
more bodies to be recovered, and there
are Ave other men unaccounted for.
Tho rescue is being directed by Gov
ernment mine-rescue men, and State In
spector C H. Nesbitt Thousands of per
sons crowded about the shaft through
out the night
The mines were tested a few hours
previous to the explosion.
Surgeon's Strange
Death Causes Stir
Dr. Alexander A. Uhlc, Philadel
phia, Dies After Injection of
Cocaine for Operation.
PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 23. Medical
circles in this city have been stirred
to a high pitch by the peculiar death
of Dr. Alexander A. Uhlc, one of the
best-known surgeons In this country.
Joseph R. Stulb declared Dr. Uhle
had died after ho permitted Dr. H. F.
Rldpath to give him an Injection of
cocalno Saturday afternon prior to a
minor throat operation.
Both physicians are well-known
socially, as well ns professionally.
Stulb Is Dr. Utile's Itfe-lonir frlond,
and he accompanied him to witness
the operation. Dr. Uhle collaDsed
Immediately after the Injection, and
died In an ambulance going to the
Methodist Hospital. News of the
death was kept aulet until late yes
terday. Physicians at tho hospital
declared It is their belief that Dr.
Utile's heart was weak, and the drug
brought about a reaction that re
sulted In death.
Steel Hits New
High Record Price
NEW YORK, Oct, 23.-Unlted States
Steel, common, set a new high record
price at 121H. making a gain of $2 a
share during a throe - quartera - of - a - mll -
lion-snare-murwiiH un ma aiuun. ba
change today.
Gains of two or three points were
made by many market leaders, while
several specialities mover1 to new high
record prices.
Wheat Harvest of World
Is 25 Per Cent Below 1915
ROME, Oct. 23. The total wheat har
vest of the world Is estimated by the
International Agricultural Institute as 7
per oent below the averago and 25 per
cent below that of last year.
The Institute's report Includes for the
first time the crop or European Russia,
which It estimates to be 20 per cent less
than that of last year.
ARMYSOUTH
the Black Sea, has fallen before
Large bodies of Russian troops havo
arrived in Roumania through tho port
of Constanza, whoso capture by the cen
tral powers effectually puts an end to
the transportation of re-enforcements
via the Black Sea.
Tho thlrty-flvc-mltc Constanza-Cern.a-voda
railway, leading across the Bn
jibe, Is tho carrier over which Roumania
has derived a large quantity of her sup
pl5".,J The Teutonic- right wing Is now
astride that railway at Constanza. while
Mackensen's center and left wing aro
swinging forward to capturo the re
(Contlnued on Second Page.)
MERCHANTS APPEAL
FOR HALF HOLIDAY
Inform President Wilson of
Wishes of Local Business
Men in Telegram.
Tho Retail Merchants' Association to
day wired President Wilson n press
ing appeal on behalf of the business
men of Washington to grnnl tho Sat
urday halMiollday to department
clerks.
The association has always been an
advocate of tho extension of tho Sat
urday half-holiday to tho entire work
ing year. More than a year ago Sec
retary Charles J. Columbus took ud
the matter with tho heads of the de-
fiartmcnts, and the association author
zed that It bo discussed with Prcsl.
aeni nson.
Many conferences were held with
the heads of the executive depart
ments, but. owing to an opinion of
the Attorney General, then on flle. the
President did not see his way clear
to grant the Saturday half-holiday.
On his return to Washington this
morning President R. 1. Andrews di
rected that a telegram be sent to the
President renewing the associations
appeal, and adding the assurance that
the business men of Washington are
In hearty accord with what has come
to bo a unanimity of sentiment
among the heads of the executive de
partments themselves.
The telegram states:
President Wootlrow Wilson,
Shadow Lawn,
Long Branch, N. J.
Tho Retail Merchants' Association
respectfully renews Its appeal of a.
year ago for tho Huturdny half-holiday
for Government clerks. Its Intro
duction at this time would bo a won
derful help for the early Christmas
shopping movement and for business
generally, which certainly the country
would appreciate.
RETAIL MERCHANTS' ASSOCIA
TION, R. P. ANDREWS, President.
CHARLES J. COLUMBUS, Secretary.
Inspector For Gas
Co. Is Found Dead
Frederick R. Law Discovered In
Governor Hole by Fellow
Workers. Frederick
years old,
R. Law, twenty-seven
an inspector for the
Georgetown Gas Company, was found
dead in one of the governor holes of
the company at Thirty-second street
' oday
and Kllnglo road northwest at noon
He was found by Charles Donohuo
and George Jones, employes of the
company, who hurried him to George
town Hospital in a gas company au
tomobile. Dr. C. Leldell. at the hos
pital, pronounced him dead, presum
ably from Inhaling gas.
Law starHed out. this morntilg with
one of the company's automobile,
and when ho had not boen hoard
from by noon, Donohue and Jonns
were sent out to look for him. Tho
governor hies cntaln the apparatus
from which the flow of gas Into the
nouses in ine street is reguiaiea
Law was a son of Policeman James
Law, for ninny years a mounted man
in the Seventh precinct. He lived in
Grant road northwest. Coroner Is In
vestlgatlng the circumstances of his
death.
UNABLEFIRST OF
TO PUT STOP TO
NEGRO
E
Laborers Get Fast State
Guards in Migration to
' North.
300 PASS THROUGH CAPITAL
Reader of Party, During Stop
Here, Tells How Charges
Got Through.
A batch of D00 negro workmen from
Jacksonville, Fin., consigned to East
ern cities, arrived in Washington
Saturday night. The train came over
the Atlantic Coast Line railroad, and
tho negroes havo already been sent
on to tholr destinations.
The tralntoad of negroes was In
charge of a former Washlngtonlan.
well known In this city, who has
mado Jacksonville his homo for some
yours. Ho talked freely about it. tell
ing tho methods of getting the
negroes past tho State guards, and
other details.
He ktfew of no uollllo.nl nut-nose to
thfl AVnnrtntlnn nt ti.ffm.i frnm tliA
South, seeing In it only the economic
fact of tho men going where they
could get higher wages.
Visited Labor Department.
The conductor of the 300 negroes paid
visits to the Department of Labor and
Justice this morning, to see If his ac
tivities had violated any laws or regu
lations. Officials of both departments
were much Interested in his atntcment,
but would mako no comment on It.
It was learned that up to a few
months ago the Department of Labor
had been transporting labor from the
South to Northern points, where It se
cured them employment. It discon
tinued this practice about August of
this year. Several hundred negroes aro.
understood to havo been brought North
b It bcfnro that time. That its opera
tions In Florida were not without fric
tion with tho local authorities was the
statement of a Florida, man. No reason
was asslgntd by l'b department" for
Its cessation of the transport of negroes
North.
Two conflicting views of the move
ment of negroes from the South to
Northern States have been taken by
high officials here. One of those opin
ions Is to tho effect that tho move
ment Is for political purpose, purely
and simply, and that the negroes are
wanted In certain closely contested
border States to vole the Republican
ticket nnd turn tho election.
Another view that has found favor
In the minds qf offlcluls Is that the
movement is solely nn economic one.
Those holding this view point to the
need for labor, skilled nnd unskilled,
on Northern railroads and Industrial
establishments. That these concerns
aro Instrumental In Imumtlng negroes
from tho South to take the places of
Italians. Ruthenlans, Slovaclcs, and
other foreigners who have In the past
been employed Is urged.
Wanted In Trenton.
"When we wero nearly here," he de
clared, "a man entered the train nnd
approached mo, giving his credentials as
a company representative. 'I want
twenty-five educated ncgroe, men who
can read and write, for Trenton. N. J..'
ho told mo. Ho said that ho wanted
them there to take tho place of baggogo
smashers with a transfer company. Ho
,lrl.r.l thnt lnhnr wan a scarce article
In Trenton, as so many foreigners had
returned to Europe to fight In tho war.
"About 100 of the men I brought with
me went to Baltimore. Others went
farther North. Moat of them went
with a certain large Eastern railroad,
which has been clamoring for men for
some time. I understand that other
Eastern roads Intend to adopt the same
methods to get men." ,
The labor agent declared that an
average of $2 per head was paid by
Eastern cmployors to agents bringing
negroes from the South. He described
the difficulty of getting the men out
of the South, and the subtorfuges
employed. .... .
"It Is six months In Jail In Florida
If vnn nrn nitiirht." ho said.
That 10,000 negroes have been
brought North from tho fitnte of Flor
ida alono was tho estimate of The
Times' Informant, who declared that
tho labor market of tho South wns
being sadly depleted by the exodus
of negroes.
THREE ELECTROCUTED
IN BETHLEHEM PLANT
Tragedy Caused By Electricians'
Mistake, Is Charge.
ALLENTOWN.Pa.. Oct. 23.-A search
Ing Investigation Into tho death of three
men, who wero electrocuted at tho mam
of the Bethlohcm Steol Company last
night. Is under way hero today. Tho
men were tho victims of a mistake by
an electrician, It is charged.
Tho victims, nil electricians, wero re
pairing a h'gh-tenslon wire. It Is sold
nnotho rman turned on tho current.
Four others near tho who narrowly es
caped a similar fate.
Express Earnings
Show Big Increase
Four Hundred Per Cent Rise
in Income Is
Shown.
A 400 per cent Increase In operat
ing income of nine Intorstnto express
companlos during tho fiscal year of
1910 over the fiscal year 1013 was
reported by the Interstate Commerco
Commission today. The figures wero
110,580,000, against 2,656,00.
A total of 1176,000,000 was collected
during the year as express cnareei.
xonus
OF RAILROADS IN U. S.
GIVEN OUT BY I. C. C.
WLBEMh Si-. mB
JUDGE C. A. PROUTY.
BAKER WEI
FOR
ROOSEVELT
Secretary of War an "Amiable
Pacifist Unfit for Present
Position' Says Colonel.
ALBUQUERQUE, N. M.. Oct. 23.
Colonel Roosevelt fairly nto his way
through Albuiiucrque. New Mexico's
largest city, today. Due for a flvo
hour stop, ho wns given n breakfast
roceptlon from 8 to 9:30 and a noon
day banquet from 12 to 1:30 after
he hnd spoken at 10 a. in.
Secrotary of War Baker was the
particular target for Roosovelt's cam
pnlgn dnrta today.
It became known today that tho
Colonel probably will answer the ap
peals of West Virginians and stop in
tnat Ntnie wnen lie goes to Haltlmore
to sneak Monday or Tuesday of next
week.
Tho secret of tho unexpectedly long
stop at Gallup, N. M., came out today.
At Gallup tho Colonel got his worst '
tnste of heckling. Tho Roosevelt spe
cial was supposed to stop less than
five minutes. It was held up twenty
flvo minutes. It has since been learned
that somo ono turned a screw which
kept tho brakes tight until every
brake wns examined nnd the trouble
remedied. Rallrond officials havo
started an Investigation. ,
Roosevelt's speech was largely de-'
voted to an attack on Newton D. I
Baker, Secretnry of War. I
"When men occupy an Improper and
unpatriotic position and seek to Justify
themselves by precedents from tho
(Continued on Second Page.)
Fairfax Man Loses
His Life in Wreck
Engineer John R. Francis Loses
Life in Crash Near Per-
ryman, Md.
WILMINGTON, Del,, Oct. 23.-Taklng
a closed switch at a high lato of speed
near ferryman, Md., early this morn
ing, a Baltimore nnd Ohio freight truln
wns derailed nnd wrecked, nnd En
gineer John R. Francis, of Falrfnx, Vu.,
and Fireman B. R. Randall, of Coak
ley, Md., wero Instantly killed.
Whiln tho englno nnd thirteen cars
wero piled up on tho tracks, a light en
glno cnisnca Into the wreckage, Injur
ing fireman Algard, who was removed
to a Baltimore hospital.
Trafllc was dolayed by tho wreck
until 10 o'clock this morning. All trains
being switched over tho Pennsylvania
lines between Bay View and this city.
Flier Drops Flowers
For Mrs. Wilson's Grave
ROME, Ga., Oct. 23.-A wreath of
flowers entwined with an American
flag, was dropped from a height of
1,400 feot by John Green, nn aviator, on
tho cemetery hore In which Mro, Ellon
Wilson, wlfo of tho President, Is burled.
The wreath wns placed on Mrs. Wil
son's grave as Homo's tribute to her
memory.
British Steamer Sunk.
LONDON, Oct. 23. The British steam
er Fortuna has been sunk. Ten of tho
crew were landed today, but It is be
lieved the captain and fifteen others
were drowned.
VALUATIONS
LAKE ERIE STORM
SHAFTSTOLL IS GROWING
Feared Another Steamer Has
Foundered With Its Crew of
Twenty-five Men.
TOLEDO, Ohio, Oct. a. Tho steamer Congress that tho roads of tho United
Matthews. Captain Cunningham, ar- States were overcapitalized and their
rived here early today with tho bodies security Issues badly watered,
of three sailors wearing life belts of tho j p,.i n.it-
steamer Merldo. Tho Mcrida was bound ., 1 uencral
for Buffalo, and was duo last Saturday. I ,Int,.,Vas,8l,vn T8 ' Pnlon of offl-
The Mcrida, owned by James Play- SftL" "' nlh" , ,ntf" C"merco
fair, of Midland. Ontario, sailed from ol?,',l"n y ,' .he. """"J"8
Fort William. Ontario, with a crew of Son nn.,!, n '?"!! '" th C?UniY
twenty-nve. tho middle of last week. .M ?.,, ?!!!' j"""
Th Mri,lA u-n ln.t Hn Frlrtnv morn- cou,d down and that omo
The Mcrida was last seen JTiaay morn-! roatI( -wou,d De round neaViiy orer-
Ing at 10 o'clock by tho Btcamcr Briton capitalized nnd some would not
off tho Southeast shoals. Lake Erie. What tho aggregate for the country
Tlho bodies were picked up by the' W'H show when the valuation U fln
Matthev.s oft Port Stanley, Ontario. Bevoral ye" nce Is specula-
yesterday morning. The tontatlvo valuation figures, as
Tho Mcrldn. bound for Buffalo, was given out today, ascribo to the Texas
under tho command of Cupt. H. 8. Midland, with 111 miles, a value, less
Jones, of Buffalo. Fear wns expressed depreciation, of 2,C27,417.
today tnat to ine long nsi or casuniucs
from tho lake storm will bo added ull of
the crew of tho Mcrida.
Thirty-four dead Is tho known toll now
of tho storm, with twenty-one of the
Merida's crew unaccounted for.
Tho report of Cnpt. Alexander Mc
Donald of tho Harvey Goulder that ho
had found the Inke "full of wrcckago"
which ho could not Identify, caused tho
fear that other steamers ns yet unre
ported may have foundered with loss of
Capt. Walter J. Grashaw. Cleveland
blnn.. irn. tltA nnlv Hlirvlvnt nt thn
whalebark Jamen 13. Colgato s crow of
twenty-five. Ho was picked up from a
rnfY vVntVninv nff fonnoiiut rcpruuucuoii 01 roan ana equipment.
pLfthi Ciinnlnghnm reported tho depreciation Is not taken Into con
bom?, were "frond flY"y iX we.t of ;ldc?"' C0,It reproduction U
Long Point, Ontario. Ho said tho r;!,",,u; , . , .. ... .
freighter Charlotto G. Brlctung also had . ,T o total outstanding capital and lla
plcked UP four bodies In the sumo vl- ! WHtlM of tho company, us of June W.
clnity. believed to havo been from the . !2!4; '", ,vel by tho commission as $54,
Merlda. taking them to Sandwich, On- Lli 6.H.
tiro. The Merida's homo port Is Chi- In addition, thcio were outstanding
iiJo $4,994,(00 of receiver's certificates and
Homo unidentified wrcckago has been certain other paper, whoso liability the
sighted Atlanta company shaicd with a con-
Search was begun today for tho forty- structlon company,
one missing, though llttlo hope was i The road has $3.000,ft common nnd
held out that any would bu found I $lo,000,000 preferred stock, nnd a total
alive ' of WWW mortgogo bonds outstand-
Tho storm was tho most disastrous lng In addition to equipment notes and
Ijko KVlO lias seen since mo ureal
Lakes storm of November, 1013, when
sovontccn vessels weni aown.
Margate England,
Attacked From Air
Man And Woman Slightly Injured
And Hotel Damaged by Bombs
from Zeppelins.
LONDON, Oct. 23. Tho English
watering place of Margate, eighty
mU.es southeast of London, was raid-
od by German air torces inia inurniuK,
and throo bombs dropped, It was offl-
I dally announced thU afternoon.
I The Cllftonvllle Hotel wns slightly
damaged and a man and woman wero
slightly injured
BERLIN (via wireless to Sayvlllo),
Oct. 23. "A German seaplnno squud
ron successfully bombarded llrltlnh
sea forces off the Flanders coast Sat
urday afternoon," It was officially
announced todny. "One hit wns ob
served upon a destroyer. All raiders,
In spite of heavy shelling, returned
unharmed." '
MUCH 'ITER' FOUND
III CAPITAL OFIE
Atlanta, Birmingham and Atlan
tic's, Liabilities Declared to
Exceed Its Worth.
HETTY GREEN ROAD IS 0. K.
Texas Midland Value Placed
High Above Its Capitaliza
tion Subject to Review.
The Interstate Commerce Com
mission tofiay began answering tho
question :
"Are the railroads of America
overcapitalized?"
Tentative valuations of two rail
roads, as made by the physical val
uation division, of which Judge' C.
A. Prouty is the head, were an-'
nounced through the commission.
These roads are the Texas Mid
land, and the Atlanta, Birmingham
and Atlantic, both well-known line
1 nP .t. C...U
FIRST TO BE VALUED.
These aro tho first roads in tho Country
whose valuations havo been tentatively
finished, subject to review by the en
tire commission.
In the caso of tho Texas Midland,
which Is known ns tho Hetty Green
road. It Is found that Its value exceeds
Its capitalization. But in tho caso of
tho Atlanta, Birmingham and Atlantic,
It Is found that tho capital and liabili
ties outstanding are far In excess of
the valuation figures of the commission.
When tho physical valuation law
was passed It was declared freely In
, " mu iui vi reproduction ann
Is exclusive of certain land. The
capital stock and mortgage Indebted
ness Is $2,112,000. Of this, $112,000 Is
capital stock at par.
Value More Than Liabilities.
Comparison of valuation nnd of the
capital and mortgage liability against
tho road shows that Its value exceeds
tho paper ugnlnst It.
The Atlanta, Birmingham, and Atlan
tic, with a llttlo over C33 miles, Is given
a valuation, with depreciation allowed
for, of $18,071,930. This is the cost of
: iotivw" uun-.-i.
Results Now Expected.
Tho fixing of tho tentative valuations
of tho two roads nnmed Indicates that
the operations of the physical valuation
division havo reached a point where
they will show results. Flgures'bn other
roads will bo unuounccd In the near
futuie.
Tho next question Is whether the roads
will be nbto to combat successfully the
figures tentatively sot forth. In tho
announcement by (ho commission to- ,
dny, It Ic stated tho roads will havo
thirty days from November 1 to file
protests to tho commission.
If they make p. showing In protest,
their objections will be heard. Other
wise the commission will order the fig
ures of the physical valuation division
to stand.
Surveys ProRrcsslnR Rapidly.
Such rapid progress has been made In
tho field survey work In valuing the
roads that In round numbors tho survey
of 100,000 of tho iJO,oSo miles of road In
this country has been complotcd.
Tho survey Is going aheud at the rate
of 60,000 miles u year and In threo years
more will be finished.
It will tako a year after that for the
valuation division to complete Its of
fice work and the fixing of prloes.
But In the meantime, prices will be
computed on one road after another a
Bl ROAD
1

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The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, October 23, 1916, HOME EDITION, Image 1

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