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Tells what the purpose of the mission was

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Phoenix was a robotic spacecraft on a space exploration mission on Mars to search water and life there under the Mars Scout Program.It was launched from Florida on 4 Aug 2007 and landed safely on Mars on 25 May 2008.

Mission scientists used instruments aboard the lander to search for environments suitable for microbial life on Mars, and to research the history of water there.

The mission ended on November 10, 2008.

Images for kids

A comparison of sizes for the Sojourner rover, the Mars Exploration Rovers, the Phoenix lander and the Mars Science Laboratory.

Approximate-color photomosaic of cryoturbation polygons due to the Martian permafrost.

The robotic digging arm. Left: at landing, with covering in place. Right: the next day, with covering pushed aside.

A prototype wet chemistry beaker showing some of the electrochemistry sensors on the sides of the beaker.

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Phoenix was a robotic spacecraft on a space exploration mission on Mars to search water and life there under the Mars Scout Program.It was launched from Florida on 4 Aug 2007 and landed safely on Mars on 25 May 2008.

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Voyager 1 is a spacecraft used by NASA to explore Jupiter and Saturn. It is identical in form to its sister ship, Voyager 2. It was actually sent to study the outer planets of the Solar System, but is now in an extended mission.

Voyager 1 is now out of the Solar System. Its research team announced the exit on 25 August 2012. Voyager 1 has already reached interstellar space after going through the final area which was a magnetic field.

Voyager 1 was launched on September 5, 1977.

Both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 include the Voyager Golden Record, which is a recording of sounds and images of life on earth. The sounds are almost out of all languages spoken in Earth. It was designed by a team headed by Carl Sagan to communicate with extraterrestrial life.

Related pages

Images for kids

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Voyager 1 is a spacecraft used by NASA to explore Jupiter and Saturn. It is identical in form to its sister ship, Voyager 2. It was actually sent to study the outer planets of the Solar System, but is now in an extended mission. Voyager 1 is now out of the Solar System.

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Quick facts for kids
Apollo 11

Buzz Aldrin poses on the Moon, allowing Neil Armstrong to photograph both of them using the visor's reflection.

Mission type | Crewed lunar landing
Operator | NASA
Mission duration | 8 days, 3 hours, 18 minutes, 35 seconds

Spacecraft properties

Spacecraft

Apollo CSM-107

Apollo LM-5

Lunar orbiter
Spacecraft component | Command and service module
Orbital insertion | July 19, 1969, 17:21:50 UTC
Orbital departure | July 22, 1969, 04:55:42 UTC
Orbits | 30

Crew
Crew size | 3

Members

Neil A. Armstrong

Michael Collins

Edwin E. Aldrin, Jr.

Callsign

CSM: Columbia

LM: Eagle

On surface: Tranquility Base

Left to right: Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, Buzz Aldrin

Apollo program

← Apollo 10

Apollo 12 →

Apollo 11 was the first flight to send people to the moon. It was done by NASA, the American space group. It went up to space on 16 July 1969, carrying three astronauts: Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins. On 20 July 1969, Armstrong and Aldrin became the first humans to land on the moon, while Collins stayed in orbit around the Moon.

The flight was part of the Space Race. It finished the plan set by John F. Kennedy in 1961 to "land a man on the moon, and return him safely to the Earth", before the 1960s ended.

Contents

The Flight

Going to and from space

Events on the moon

Leaving the moon and returning to Earth

50th anniversary events

Cultural significance

Related pages

Images for kids

The Flight

Going to and from space

The Saturn V rocket carrying the Apollo 11's three people into space.

Millions of people around the world viewed the flight of Apollo 11 on television. When the rocket was sent to space it was a world-wide event. Richard Nixon, who was then President, watched the from the White House as the rocket went up. A Saturn V rocket took flight from the Kennedy Space Center in America.

About two hours after leaving Earth the bit with the people in it went away from the main rocket. The bit with the people in it had two parts, the Apollo command and service module called Columbia and the Apollo Lunar Module called Eagle. Columbia was the space ship that stayed in space, and Eagle was the moon-landing space ship. 3 days later the team entered Lunar Orbit (orbit around the moon). A day later the Eagle went away from Columbia. The Eagle landed safely on the moon with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin inside. During the landing there were several problems with the computer. To land safely Armstrong had to fly the Eagle himself. They landed with only 25 seconds of fuel left.

Events on the moon

The Landing Module on the moon. Buzz Aldrin is unpacking experiments to the front of the picture.

Buzz Aldrin with the US flag soon after stepping onto the surface.

The first thing Buzz Aldrin did upon touch down was to pray. He also read some words of Jesus. He did not reveal his plan to do this because someone had just made a lawsuit to stop astronauts from doing religious things in space. Armstrong became the first human to walk and speak on the moon's surface. The first words he said were:

That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.

For the next two and a half hours Aldrin and Armstrong took notes, pictures and made holes to get moon rock. The landings were watched by over six hundred million people on Earth using the very big radio telescope in Australia. They did many experiments, for example the collecting of moon rocks and dust. An American flag was set up and photographed on the moon.

Before doing that, President Richard Nixon did a telephone call to them:

Nixon: Hello, Neil and Buzz. I'm talking to you by telephone from the Oval Room at the White House. And this certainly has to be the most historic telephone call ever made. I just can't tell you how proud we all are of what you've done. For every American, this has to be the proudest day of our lives. And for people all over the world, I am sure they too join with Americans in recognizing what an immense feat this is. Because of what you have done, the heavens have become a part of man's world. And as you talk to us from the Sea of Tranquillity, it inspires us to redouble our efforts to bring peace and tranquillity to Earth. For one priceless moment in the whole history of man, all the people on this Earth are truly one: one in their pride in what you have done, and one in our prayers that you will return safely to Earth.

Armstrong: Thank you, Mr. President. It's a great honor and privilege for us to be here, representing not only the United States, but men of peace of all nations, and with interest and curiosity, and men with a vision for the future. It's an honor for us to be able to participate here today.

Leaving the moon and returning to Earth

Columbia floats on the ocean as Navy divers assist in retrieving the astronauts

After finishing their work, Armstrong and Aldrin returned to the Eagle and slept for seven hours before starting to leave. While preparing to leave, Aldrin broke the circuit breaker in the engine starter. Armstrong used a pen to bridge the circuit and stop them from being stuck on the moon. Aldrin and Armstrong left many things on the moon: an American flag, a few experiments, a golden feather, a logo of Apollo 1 and some bronze coins honoring Yuri Gagarin and Vladimir Komarov. He also left a sign on the moon, with a message from the human race. The sign reads:

Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the Moon, July 1969 A.D. We came in peace for all mankind.

On July 24 the three astronauts returned to Earth and were immediately placed into quarantine (kept away from other people), in case they brought back some disease from the moon. They stayed in quarantine for three weeks. When they got out the men were heroes around the world. They had dinner with President Nixon, a parade in New York City and another one in Chicago. The three were also on many television shows.

50th anniversary events

Obverse of the 50th anniversary silver dollar

On June 10, 2015, Congressman Bill Posey introduced resolution H.R. 2726 to the 114th session of the United States House of Representatives directing the United States Mint to design and sell commemorative coins in gold, silver and clad for the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission. On January 24, 2019, the Mint released the Apollo 11 Fiftieth Anniversary commemorative coins to the public on its website.

A documentary film, Apollo 11, with restored footage of the 1969 event, premiered in IMAX on March 1, 2019, and broadly in theaters on March 8.

Beginning July 9, 2019, PBS aired a three-night, six-hour documentary, called Chasing the Moon, which examined the events leading up to Apollo 11. An accompanying book of the same name was also released.

Cultural significance

Humans walking on the Moon and returning safely to Earth accomplished Kennedy's goal set eight years earlier. In Mission Control during the Apollo 11 landing, Kennedy's speech flashed on the screen, followed by the words "TASK ACCOMPLISHED, July 1969".

The success of Apollo 11 demonstrated the United States' technological superiority; and with the success of Apollo 11, America had won the Space Race.

New phrases appeared in the English language. "If they can send a man to the Moon, why can't they ...?" became a common saying following Apollo 11. Armstrong's words on the lunar surface also spun off various parodies.

Apollo Program

Moon landing

Images for kids

The Saturn V rocket approaching the speed of sound, one minute into the flight.

Buzz Aldrin's footprint on the moon's surface.

Buzz Aldrin as photographed by Neil Armstrong on the moons surface.

Apollo 11 Command/Service Module Columbia in lunar orbit, photographed from the Lunar Module Eagle

Apollo 11 space-flown silver Robbins medallion

The Eagle in lunar orbit after separating from Columbia

Landing site of Apollo 11 at Sea of Tranquility

A mounted slowscan TV camera showing Armstrong as he climbs down the ladder to surface

A rare photograph of Armstrong near the LM, taken by Aldrin on the lunar surface; most of the time Armstrong had the camera.

The plaque left on the ladder of Eagle

President Nixon speaks to Armstrong and Aldrin on the Moon

Aldrin next to the Passive Seismic Experiment Package with Eagle in the background

The crew of Apollo 11 in quarantine after returning to Earth, visited by Richard Nixon

Neil Armstrong

Parade in New York City

Artist's impression of Luna 15

Spectators camp out to watch the launch

Seating credential issued to viewers of the Apollo 11 launch

Collins, Aldrin and Armstrong consult with pad leader Guenter Wendt after Countdown Demonstration Test

The Earth as seen from Apollo 11 on the third day out

The Washington Post on Monday, July 21, 1969: "'The Eagle Has Landed'—Two Men Walk on the Moon"

Neil Armstrong's certification: "I certify that this World Scout Badge was carried to the surface of the Moon on man's first lunar landing, Apollo XI, July 20, 1969."

First Man on the Moon Commemorative Issue of 1969

Apollo 11 crew at the White House in 2004

All content from Kiddle encyclopedia articles (including the article images and facts) can be freely used under Attribution-ShareAlike license, unless stated otherwise. Cite this article:

Apollo 11 Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.

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Galileo was an unmanned NASA spacecraft. It explored the planet Jupiter and its moons. Galileo was launched in 1989 and it arrived at Jupiter in 1995.

Galileo was made up of two parts: an orbiter and a probe. The orbiter went into orbit around the planet on December 8, 1995 and went down into Jupiter's atmosphere and was crushed on September 21, 2003. The probe was released from the orbiter on July 13, 1995 and it went towards Jupiter. It reached Jupiter on December 7, 1995 and went down into the atmosphere. The probe gathered data for 57 minutes until the great atmospheric heat and pressure destroyed it.

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Galileo was an unmanned NASA spacecraft. It explored the planet Jupiter and its moons. Galileo was launched in 1989 and it arrived at Jupiter in 1995. Galileo was made up of two parts: an orbiter and a probe.

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Cassini-Huygens is a spacecraft that was sent to study the planet Saturn, its rings, and its moons.

It is a mission made by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and Italian Space Agency (ASI). The spacecraft has two main parts: the Cassini orbiter and the Huygens probe. It was launched on October 15, 1997 and entered into orbit around Saturn on July 1, 2004. It is the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn and the fourth one to visit Saturn (the others were fly-by's and did not enter orbit). The mission has been extended until 2017.

Cassini orbiter

The orbiter is named after the Italian-French astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini, who discovered some moons of Saturn. Most of the orbiter was designed and built by NASA, although ASI built and programmed some parts that talked to the Huygens probe. The spacecraft is still in operation, sending back data.

Huygens probe

ESA (European Space Agency) made the Huygens probe, named after the Dutch astronomer, mathematician, and physicist Christiaan Huygens who discovered Titan. On December 25 2004, the Huygens probe left the orbiter. A couple weeks later, the probe parachuted onto Saturn's largest moon Titan. Astronomers have wondered what the surface of Titan was like, since it was hidden under thick clouds. It is the only moon in our solar system with a thick atmosphere. The probe descended and sent pictures and other data back for scientists to study. After 90 minutes on the moon, the spacecraft stopped working, as expected. It is the farthest place we have ever landed a spacecraft. The pictures sent while parachuting showed that there were rivers, probably of liquid methane. It is much too cold for water.

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Cassini-Huygens is a spacecraft that was sent to study the planet Saturn, its rings, and its moons. It is a mission made by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and Italian Space Agency (ASI). The spacecraft has two main parts: the Cassini orbiter and the Huygens probe.