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I have done research using the Library Guide and have found information one the discrimination that Italian Americans have faced and how thier status changed after World War II.  I have also found information on the discrimination that female italians faced in the work force.  I have found statistics on graduation rates as well as the highest level of education completed.  I have used DataUSA.io to reasearch information on history, education, employment and settlement patterns.

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So far, I have chosen the following interviewees:  Maria Roberts, who is my mother and Enrichetta Dykier who is my grandmother.  The cultural group that I will be researching is Italian Americans.  I  have come up with questions for both of my interviewees and have scheduled dates in which to administer my interviews.  I have talked to my grandma briefly in order so get some general background information so I could narrow down my search criteria for my research.  After speaking to my grandma, I now know that my grandmother was actually a first generation Italian American an not an immigrant as I had initially thought.

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Enrichetta Dykier
DOB:  03/27/1937
Relation to interviewer:  Grandmother

Maria Angela Roberts
DOB:  09/11/1962
Relation to interviewer:  mother

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1.) Tell me about your daily life before you started school.
2.) Tell me what it was like starting school at age 7?
3.) How did your parents feel about you learning English?
4.) What were some of your biggest challenges in school?
5.) What roles were you expected to take on in your household when you were a child?
6.) What epectations did your parents have of you when you reached high school?
7.) How much importance did you place on your education when you were a teenager?
8.) Tell me how your parents' expectations of you affected important decisions you had to make.
9.) Tell me about your first job.
10.) What made you decide to move to California and what were some the hardships you faced relocating?

# data[].attributes.headline
Interviewee # 1Enrichetta Dykier (grandmother)Enrichetta Scognamiglio:  Born March 27, 1937Background History:Both parents immigrated to the United States when they were in their early 20s and Settled in Brooklyn, New York.  When my grandma was born, both of her parents were 36.  She was the fifth born out of 6 children.  Her mother was a stay at home mom and her dad worked for sanitation department.  My grandma didn't start school until she was 7 years old because her mom didn't want her to go.  She was expected to stay home and take care of her little sister.  Her mom only allowed her to go to school because she had to go by law.  Since she was 7, she skipped kindergarten and went straight to first grade without knowing any English because she was only taught to speak Italian.  Her mom only spoke Italian, but her dad spoke English.  She struggled in first grade because she was the only Italian speaker and her teacher hit her for not knowing English.  While she was still in first grade, her neighbor started to teach her English.  Second grade was a lot easier because she could understand English a lot better and by third grade, she was speaking English fluently.  By this time, her father had started getting ill due to severe allergies.  By the time my grandmother was 13, her father was completely disabled.  1.) Tell me about your daily life before you started school.She said that she would take care of her sister Annie that was three years younger than her while her mother took care of the cleaning and other things around the house.  I asked her if her mom tried to teach her anything when she reached school age.  She said no.2.) Tell me what it was like starting school at age 7?She said that had a really difficult time because she was the only student in the class that did not speak English and she could not understand what was going on.  She would be given worksheets in English and she had no idea what they said.  Her teacher would get upset at for not understanding what was going on and would hit her.  Her teacher did not try to work with her and there were no special programs to help her learn English.  She said that with the help of a neighbor, she was fluent in English by third grade.I asked her how learning English affected her fluency in her native language.  I asked if she started to forget how to speak Italian.She said that she became bilingual and by 5th grade she was expected to teach all the Italian-speaking students English.3.) How did your parents feel about you learning English?Her mother didn't speak any English but did not care whether she learned English or not.  Her father was happy that she was learning English.  He wanted to teach her himself, but he was always working so he did not have time to teach her.  Her learning English also helped her sister learn English because she heard is spoken at home more.4.) What were some of your biggest challenges in school?After third grade, things got really easy.  I was very smart and received the highest marks.  The biggest challenge was going to a school where I was the only person who spoke English and not having anyone to help me understand what was going on.  5.) What roles were you expected to take on in your household as you got a little older?She was expected to help with errands, to help with cleaning the house.6.) What expectations did your parents have of you when you reached high school?At this time her father was completely disabled and she came from a very poor family.  When she was thirteen, she began babysitting for her sister who lived down the street and doing chores around her house to earn money to give to her parents.  7.) How much importance did you place on your education when you were a teenager?My education was really important to me.  I always studied so I can get good marks in school.8.) Tell me how your parents' expectations of you affected important decisions you had to make.I wanted to be a teacher or a dress designer but I needed to go to college to do this.  We did not have money for me to go to college so I asked my father what I should do.  He said to learn shorthand and typing in high school.  She also took bookkeeping. I asked her to explain why she was unable to finish high school.She said that she had to drop out of high school 6 months before she could graduate because her father died.  She had to get a job in order to support her mother.  9.) Tell me about your first job.When she was 17, she got a job for Dun & Bradstreet as an office worker.  She was paid bookbinder's salary ($30 a week)I asked her until what age did she have to support her mother?She said until she got married at age 20 and that her mom was really upset about it because she wanted my grandma to continue taking care of her.  Her sister Annie had to then quit school to support her mom.  I asked her why her mom didn't receive any money from the government after her dad died.  He had served in World War I and had worked for the city.She said that for the sanitation department, her dad chose to collect money until his death instead of his family receiving money after his death.  The reason why her family did not collect any money due to his military service is because veterans had to be registered with and get regularly checked out by the VA Hospital to receive benefits.  There was this belief that when you went into the VA Hospital, you never came out alive.  He refused to go out of fear.    10.) What made you decide to move to California and what were some the hardships you faced relocating?She moved to California when she was twenty eight because Dun and Bradstreet had closed its doors.  By this time she had been married for eight years to Ciero Vitiello who she had met at work.  She didn't really face any hardships when she moved to California.  She moved into a fully furnished apartment and then later bought a house in Long Beach.  My grandfather had gotten a job at North American Airlines where he would help melt the fiberglass for the aircraft.  He later got lung cancer from the fumes and died a month after he was diagnosed (31 years old).  My mother was only five years old at the time.  My grandmother had also gotten a job shortly after moving to California in the cafeteria at the Cal State University Long Beach.  I asked my grandma how she was able to support my mother after grandpa died.  She said that before he had gotten sick, grandma got an insurance policy for both her and grandpa for $9 a month.  When grandpa died, she was able to pay off the house.                                          Interviewee # 2Maria RobertsMaria Vitiello:  Born September 11, 1962Background History:My mother is a second generation Italian American who was born to two English speaking Italians who lived in Brooklyn New York.  She moved with her parents to California when she was three years old.  Shortly after moving to California, her parents bought a home in Long Beach.  Her dad got cancer and died when she was five years old.  When she was seven, her mom married a man who had also lost his spouse to an illness.  He had three kids that were teenagers.  My grandma sold the house and the family relocated to Norwalk where they lived for several years before relocating to Fullerton.  My mom did not graduate from high school.  She met my dad when she was 16 and married him when she was 18.  She had already been pregnant with my big brother at the time.  My mom had me when she was twenty and my little brother when she was twenty five.  She became a stay-at-home mom until I was in jr high when she had to go back to waitressing.  1.)  Tell me about your daily life before grandma remarried.Before grandma remarried, the neighbors helped watch my mom when my grandma was at work.  Most of the time, my grandma was getting off work when she was getting just getting home from school.  She said she doesn't remember else.  She just wanted her dad back.  2.) In what ways did you see your life as being different from other kids your age?Most kids had two parents and they also had siblings.  Other kids had more things than she did like more toys and they got to eat better food than she did.I asked her if she realized this at an early age and how it made her feelShe said that she definitely noticed at that time that people had better things than her but it didn't bother her too much because she knew that that's just how it was.  3.)  What were some of the adjustments that you had do make when grandma remarried?She had to move out of her nice home in Long Beach and move to Norwalk to a run-down home in a really bad neighborhood.  She started going to a Catholic school which she actually did well in.   She had to live with her step-brother and step-sisters who hated her and treated her terribly and a step-father that she was afraid of.  I asked her to explain the living arrangements after she moved to NorwalkShe said she had to share a room with both step-sisters and her step-brother had to sleep with my great-grandmother.4.) How was going to Catholic school different from going to public school?She had to wear a uniform which was good because people stopped picking on her because of her clothes.  The teachers were nicer in Catholic school and she liked going there.I asked her what made grandma decide to put her in Catholic schoolShe said that the other kids were going to Catholic school so she ended up going as well.  It costed too much money to keep sending them all there, so after a couple years they pulled my mom out and she had to go to public school again.5.)  Where kind of employment did grandma and grandpa (the step-father) have when they got married?Grandma was a waitress as Spires and Grandpa was a service appliance man and managed the office.  When my mom was 9, Grandma and Grandpa took money out on the house and invested in their first apartment complex.6.) What were some of your biggest challenges in school?She said that it was hard going to school in Norwalk because there weren't very many white kids at the school and she was constantly picked on because of it.  She said that the kids at the school were constantly trying to picks fights with the kids that didn't fit in.I asked her to explain to me why they moved away from Norwalk and relocated to Fullerton.  She said that when she was 12, there was a murder at John Glen High School.  This was the high school that she would have to go to after jr. high.  Her mom told my grandpa that they were going to move or else.  She had enough of Norwalk.  7.) How much importance did you place on education when you were a teenager?After she was taken out of Catholic school, she hated school.  She never wanted to go and only went when she did so her parents wouldn't beat her.  I asked her if she had ever pictured herself graduating from high schoolShe said that she really never gave it any thought and that she didn't even complete the 10th grade.8.) Tell me about your first job.She said that she got her first job when she was 14 working for McDonald's.  She looked a lot older that she was and they didn't ask her for any documentation.  I asked her to tell me about other job experience she had.  She said that she worked as a bagger at a grocery store and was a hostess at a few restaurants.  She said that she waitressed at Bob's Big Boy when she was 169.) When you were a child, what kind of a life did you envision for yourself in the future?She said that all she saw herself doing was getting married and having kids.

# data[].attributes.subject
Interviewee # 1Enrichetta Dykier (grandmother)Enrichetta Scognamiglio:  Born March 27, 1937Background History:Both parents immigrated to the United States when they were in their early 20s and Settled in Brooklyn, New York.  When my grandma was born, both of her parents were 36.  She was the fifth born out of 6 children.  Her mother was a stay at home mom and her dad worked for sanitation department.  My grandma didn't start school until she was 7 years old because her mom didn't want her to go.  She was expected to stay home and take care of her little sister.  Her mom only allowed her to go to school because she had to go by law.  Since she was 7, she skipped kindergarten and went straight to first grade without knowing any English because she was only taught to speak Italian.  Her mom only spoke Italian, but her dad spoke English.  She struggled in first grade because she was the only Italian speaker and her teacher hit her for not knowing English.  While she was still in first grade, her neighbor started to teach her English.  Second grade was a lot easier because she could understand English a lot better and by third grade, she was speaking English fluently.  By this time, her father had started getting ill due to severe allergies.  By the time my grandmother was 13, her father was completely disabled.  1.) Tell me about your daily life before you started school.She said that she would take care of her sister Annie that was three years younger than her while her mother took care of the cleaning and other things around the house.  I asked her if her mom tried to teach her anything when she reached school age.  She said no.2.) Tell me what it was like starting school at age 7?She said that had a really difficult time because she was the only student in the class that did not speak English and she could not understand what was going on.  She would be given worksheets in English and she had no idea what they said.  Her teacher would get upset at for not understanding what was going on and would hit her.  Her teacher did not try to work with her and there were no special programs to help her learn English.  She said that with the help of a neighbor, she was fluent in English by third grade.I asked her how learning English affected her fluency in her native language.  I asked if she started to forget how to speak Italian.She said that she became bilingual and by 5th grade she was expected to teach all the Italian-speaking students English.3.) How did your parents feel about you learning English?Her mother didn't speak any English but did not care whether she learned English or not.  Her father was happy that she was learning English.  He wanted to teach her himself, but he was always working so he did not have time to teach her.  Her learning English also helped her sister learn English because she heard is spoken at home more.4.) What were some of your biggest challenges in school?After third grade, things got really easy.  I was very smart and received the highest marks.  The biggest challenge was going to a school where I was the only person who spoke English and not having anyone to help me understand what was going on.  5.) What roles were you expected to take on in your household as you got a little older?She was expected to help with errands, to help with cleaning the house.6.) What expectations did your parents have of you when you reached high school?At this time her father was completely disabled and she came from a very poor family.  When she was thirteen, she began babysitting for her sister who lived down the street and doing chores around her house to earn money to give to her parents.  7.) How much importance did you place on your education when you were a teenager?My education was really important to me.  I always studied so I can get good marks in school.8.) Tell me how your parents' expectations of you affected important decisions you had to make.I wanted to be a teacher or a dress designer but I needed to go to college to do this.  We did not have money for me to go to college so I asked my father what I should do.  He said to learn shorthand and typing in high school.  She also took bookkeeping. I asked her to explain why she was unable to finish high school.She said that she had to drop out of high school 6 months before she could graduate because her father died.  She had to get a job in order to support her mother.  9.) Tell me about your first job.When she was 17, she got a job for Dun & Bradstreet as an office worker.  She was paid bookbinder's salary ($30 a week)I asked her until what age did she have to support her mother?She said until she got married at age 20 and that her mom was really upset about it because she wanted my grandma to continue taking care of her.  Her sister Annie had to then quit school to support her mom.  I asked her why her mom didn't receive any money from the government after her dad died.  He had served in World War I and had worked for the city.She said that for the sanitation department, her dad chose to collect money until his death instead of his family receiving money after his death.  The reason why her family did not collect any money due to his military service is because veterans had to be registered with and get regularly checked out by the VA Hospital to receive benefits.  There was this belief that when you went into the VA Hospital, you never came out alive.  He refused to go out of fear.    10.) What made you decide to move to California and what were some the hardships you faced relocating?She moved to California when she was twenty eight because Dun and Bradstreet had closed its doors.  By this time she had been married for eight years to Ciero Vitiello who she had met at work.  She didn't really face any hardships when she moved to California.  She moved into a fully furnished apartment and then later bought a house in Long Beach.  My grandfather had gotten a job at North American Airlines where he would help melt the fiberglass for the aircraft.  He later got lung cancer from the fumes and died a month after he was diagnosed (31 years old).  My mother was only five years old at the time.  My grandmother had also gotten a job shortly after moving to California in the cafeteria at the Cal State University Long Beach.  I asked my grandma how she was able to support my mother after grandpa died.  She said that before he had gotten sick, grandma got an insurance policy for both her and grandpa for $9 a month.  When grandpa died, she was able to pay off the house.                                          Interviewee # 2Maria RobertsMaria Vitiello:  Born September 11, 1962Background History:My mother is a second generation Italian American who was born to two English speaking Italians who lived in Brooklyn New York.  She moved with her parents to California when she was three years old.  Shortly after moving to California, her parents bought a home in Long Beach.  Her dad got cancer and died when she was five years old.  When she was seven, her mom married a man who had also lost his spouse to an illness.  He had three kids that were teenagers.  My grandma sold the house and the family relocated to Norwalk where they lived for several years before relocating to Fullerton.  My mom did not graduate from high school.  She met my dad when she was 16 and married him when she was 18.  She had already been pregnant with my big brother at the time.  My mom had me when she was twenty and my little brother when she was twenty five.  She became a stay-at-home mom until I was in jr high when she had to go back to waitressing.  1.)  Tell me about your daily life before grandma remarried.Before grandma remarried, the neighbors helped watch my mom when my grandma was at work.  Most of the time, my grandma was getting off work when she was getting just getting home from school.  She said she doesn't remember else.  She just wanted her dad back.  2.) In what ways did you see your life as being different from other kids your age?Most kids had two parents and they also had siblings.  Other kids had more things than she did like more toys and they got to eat better food than she did.I asked her if she realized this at an early age and how it made her feelShe said that she definitely noticed at that time that people had better things than her but it didn't bother her too much because she knew that that's just how it was.  3.)  What were some of the adjustments that you had do make when grandma remarried?She had to move out of her nice home in Long Beach and move to Norwalk to a run-down home in a really bad neighborhood.  She started going to a Catholic school which she actually did well in.   She had to live with her step-brother and step-sisters who hated her and treated her terribly and a step-father that she was afraid of.  I asked her to explain the living arrangements after she moved to NorwalkShe said she had to share a room with both step-sisters and her step-brother had to sleep with my great-grandmother.4.) How was going to Catholic school different from going to public school?She had to wear a uniform which was good because people stopped picking on her because of her clothes.  The teachers were nicer in Catholic school and she liked going there.I asked her what made grandma decide to put her in Catholic schoolShe said that the other kids were going to Catholic school so she ended up going as well.  It costed too much money to keep sending them all there, so after a couple years they pulled my mom out and she had to go to public school again.5.)  Where kind of employment did grandma and grandpa (the step-father) have when they got married?Grandma was a waitress as Spires and Grandpa was a service appliance man and managed the office.  When my mom was 9, Grandma and Grandpa took money out on the house and invested in their first apartment complex.6.) What were some of your biggest challenges in school?She said that it was hard going to school in Norwalk because there weren't very many white kids at the school and she was constantly picked on because of it.  She said that the kids at the school were constantly trying to picks fights with the kids that didn't fit in.I asked her to explain to me why they moved away from Norwalk and relocated to Fullerton.  She said that when she was 12, there was a murder at John Glen High School.  This was the high school that she would have to go to after jr. high.  Her mom told my grandpa that they were going to move or else.  She had enough of Norwalk.  7.) How much importance did you place on education when you were a teenager?After she was taken out of Catholic school, she hated school.  She never wanted to go and only went when she did so her parents wouldn't beat her.  I asked her if she had ever pictured herself graduating from high schoolShe said that she really never gave it any thought and that she didn't even complete the 10th grade.8.) Tell me about your first job.She said that she got her first job when she was 14 working for McDonald's.  She looked a lot older that she was and they didn't ask her for any documentation.  I asked her to tell me about other job experience she had.  She said that she worked as a bagger at a grocery store and was a hostess at a few restaurants.  She said that she waitressed at Bob's Big Boy when she was 169.) When you were a child, what kind of a life did you envision for yourself in the future?She said that all she saw herself doing was getting married and having kids.

# data[].attributes.body
1.)  Tell me about your daily life before grandma remarried.
2.) In what ways did you see your life as being different from other kids your age?
3.)  What were some of the adjustments that you had do make when grandma remarried?
4.) How was going to Catholic school different from going to public school?
5.) What were some of your biggest challenges in school?
6.) How much importance did you place on education when you were a teenager?
7.) Tell me about your first job.
8.) When you were a child, what kind of a life did you invision for yourself in the future?