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The Hajj is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims.

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The Hajj is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims.

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 an ancient astronomical instrument that was a handheld model of the universe.

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 an ancient astronomical instrument that was a handheld model of the universe.

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The Five Pillars of Islam are fundamental practices in Islam, considered to be obligatory acts of worship for all Muslims. 

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The Five Pillars of Islam are fundamental practices in Islam, considered to be obligatory acts of worship for all Muslims. 

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medieval Latin transliteration of the Arabic word meaning "departure" or "migration", among other definitions.

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medieval Latin transliteration of the Arabic word meaning "departure" or "migration", among other definitions.

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a city in western Saudi Arabia, an oasis town in the Red Sea region of Hejaz, east of Jiddah, considered by Muslims to be the holiest city of Islam; population 1,385,000

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a city in western Saudi Arabia, an oasis town in the Red Sea region of Hejaz, east of Jiddah, considered by Muslims to be the holiest city of Islam; population 1,385,000

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was the de facto ruler of the Tang dynasty, first through her husband the Emperor Gaozong and then through her sons the Emperors Zhongzong and Ruizong, from 665 to 690.

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was the de facto ruler of the Tang dynasty, first through her husband the Emperor Gaozong and then through her sons the Emperors Zhongzong and Ruizong, from 665 to 690.

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the rule or reign of a caliph or chief Muslim ruler.

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the rule or reign of a caliph or chief Muslim ruler.

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the chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad. 

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the chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad. 

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Foot Binding (redirected from Lily foot ) A custom practised on young girls and women for about 1,000 years in China, ending in the early 20th century

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Foot Binding (redirected from Lily foot ) A custom practised on young girls and women for about 1,000 years in China, ending in the early 20th century

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is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonly designates a chief of a tribe or a royal family member in Arabian countries, in some countries it is also given to those of great knowledge in religious affairs as a surname by a prestige religious leader from a chain of Sufi scholars. 

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is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonly designates a chief of a tribe or a royal family member in Arabian countries, in some countries it is also given to those of great knowledge in religious affairs as a surname by a prestige religious leader from a chain of Sufi scholars. 

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Beduin or Bedu are nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia.

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Beduin or Bedu are nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia.

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the larger of the two main branches of Islam, which differs from Shia in its understanding of the Sunna, its conception of religious leadership, and its acceptance of the first three caliphs.Compare with Shia.

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the larger of the two main branches of Islam, which differs from Shia in its understanding of the Sunna, its conception of religious leadership, and its acceptance of the first three caliphs.Compare with Shia.

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was the founder and first Great Khan (Emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death.

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was the founder and first Great Khan (Emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death.

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Islamic canonical law based on the teachings of the Koran and the traditions of the Prophet (Hadith and Sunna), prescribing both religious and secular duties and sometimes retributive penalties for lawbreaking. 

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Islamic canonical law based on the teachings of the Koran and the traditions of the Prophet (Hadith and Sunna), prescribing both religious and secular duties and sometimes retributive penalties for lawbreaking. 

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Shia Islam or Shi'ism is the second largest branch of Islam.

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Shia Islam or Shi'ism is the second largest branch of Islam.

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The arabesque is a form of artistic decoration consisting of "surface decorations based on rhythmic linear patterns of scrolling and interlacing foliage, tendrils" or plain lines, often combined with other elements.

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The arabesque is a form of artistic decoration consisting of "surface decorations based on rhythmic linear patterns of scrolling and interlacing foliage, tendrils" or plain lines, often combined with other elements.