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9/29/17 To organize brain structures and functions

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9/29/17 To organize brain structures and functions

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Quiz today

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Peripheral Nervous System
- Somatic Nervous System
- Automatic Nervous System
-Parasympathetic Division
-Sympathetic Division

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Corpus Callosum - Communications between both brains
Split Brains - People with two separate half brains
Sperry and Gazzinga experimented on split brains
Left Brain - Speech
Right Brain - Creativity
Consciousness - Awareness of existence
Cognitive neuroscience - Study of thought
Dual processing - Consciousness processing vs unconsciousness processing

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Central Nervous System - Decision Maker
Peripheral nervous system - CNS decisions to other body parts
Nerves - Electrical Cables
Sensory Neurons - Info to tissues
Motor neurons - Info to muscles
ANS - Glands
SNS - Use Energy
PNS - Conserve Energy
Reflexes - Response to stimuli
Endocrine - secrete hormones
Adrenal glands - On top of the kidneys to release epinephrine and norepinephrine (also called adrenaline and noradrenaline). These hormones increase heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar, providing us with a surge of energy, known as the fight-or-flight response. When the emergency passes, the hormones— and the feelings of excitement—linger a while.
Pituitary gland, a pea-sized structure located in the core of the brain, where it is controlled by an adjacent brain area, the hypo-thalamus (more on that shortly). The pituitary releases certain hormones. One is a growth hormone that stimulates physical development. Another, oxytocin, enables contractions associated with birthing, milk flow during nursing, and orgasm.

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Amygdala
Hypothalamus
Hippocampus

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9/25/17 Three sentences what it means to be human

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9/25/17 Three sentences what it means to be human

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A human in the biological sense is everyone is under the same species. The human brain allows us to identify with each other and have emotions towards others like in the frontal lobe. The frontal lobe helps with memory, language and problem solving. These are all characteristics that together help us make up the human brain.

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Broccoli lab

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Refractory Period - Time for neuron to fire again
Threshold - Certain point or amount of energy to fire
Resting potential - Fully polarized
Action potential - Neuron fires
Depolarization - Positive ions rush into the cell

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Nature vs Nurture
Behavior Genetics- study of relative power and limits of genetics and environmental influences on behavior
Environment- every external influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us
Chromosomes- threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
DNA- complex molecule containing genetic info that makes up the chromosomes
Genes- biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing proteins
Genome- complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all genetic material in that organism's chromosomes
Identical Twins- twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits into two, creating two genetically identical organisms
Fraternal Twins- twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. They are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment.
Molecular Genetics- subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes
Heritability- proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied
Interaction- interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor (such as environment) depends on another factor (such as heredity)
Epigenetics- study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change