# data[].attributes.headline
Explain the role Mauro's fitness level played in his survival. How were his body systems "trained" to handle the stress?

# data[].attributes.subject
Explain the role Mauro's fitness level played in his survival. How were his body systems "trained" to handle the stress?

# data[].attributes.body
Mauro Prosperi was an endurance athlete, meaning that because of his body could produce a lot of work while generating only a little heat. The endurance strengthens the heart so less pumping is required to maintain blood flow, which eases the work of breathing. The training for endurance athletes enhances the liver's ability to convert stored glycogen to glucose. The runner's muscles are also very good at conserving energy. They have type 1 "slow-twitch" muscles, meaning that the muscles contract smoothly and steadily which conserves energy. The athletes strong heart and extensive network of blood vessels make the blood flow process much easier. The circulation is also aided by the contractions of muscles. Pg. 141

# data[].attributes.headline
Explain how the human body systems work to both insulate and cool to maintain body temperature. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Explain how the human body systems work to both insulate and cool to maintain body temperature. 

# data[].attributes.body
First, the human body must gauge the outside temperature so it can begin to respond before its core temperature becomes affected. Signals from the thermoreceptors, either heat or cold, are transmitted to the hypothalamus which then takes control of blood vessels and sweat glands to adjust their functions in order to lower and higher the temperature in order to maintain homeostasis. The systems involved in this process include the nervous system, the cardiovascular, and the integumentary system
Pg. 128-132

# data[].attributes.headline
Describe the strategies Mauro Prosperi used to survive in the desert. How did he meet his energy needs?

# data[].attributes.subject
Describe the strategies Mauro Prosperi used to survive in the desert. How did he meet his energy needs?

# data[].attributes.body
Mauro Prosperi was running in a race when a sudden desert storm occurred, instead of stopping in the race he decided to keep moving. He ended up getting lost, the following morning he climbed to the top of a high dune and saw no trace of a trail that he could follow in order to find his way back. Due to what was in the race manual, he decided to stay put and wait for someone to come rescue him. He later say a rescue helicopter above and attempted to catch the attention of the pilot though he had no success. He drank his last bit of water and in order to recycle his fluids and remain as hydrated as possible, he urinated in the water bottle and drank it for hydration. The following day, he decided to leave his place and began to wander aimlessly. He eventually found a Muslim shrine and used it fro shelter, only to find out he would have bats as roommates. His survival instinct kicked in as he climbed to the top and took the head off of two sleeping bats. He then sucked the blood out of them and ate them raw. He sucked on clothes dipped in dew left by plants and he eventually found help.
Pg. 135-137

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Explain the role stress and the body's response to stress play in keeping a person alive in an extreme environment. Mention at least two body systems. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Explain the role stress and the body's response to stress play in keeping a person alive in an extreme environment. Mention at least two body systems. 

# data[].attributes.body
Stress signals danger to survival, whether the situation is actually life threatening or not. When the brain senses stress, the body releases hormones. Adrenaline is released which makes your heart beat faster and causes you to start sweating. Cortisol and catecholamines will mobilize glucagon stores from the liver and muscles and convert them to glucose at a rapid rate. The glucose will supply the body with quick infusions of energy which can help increase your chances of survival. The two systems involved in this process would be the endocrine and nervous systems, the endocrine system controls the release of hormones and the nervous system sends signals throughout the body to cause the hormones to be released.
Pg. 140

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Write what you believe to be the "Top 5" rules for staying healthy in the desert.

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Write what you believe to be the "Top 5" rules for staying healthy in the desert.

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1.) Stay hydrated
2.) Travel during the night
3.) Avoid being in the sun for prolonged periods of time
4.) Stay hungry, the more you eat the thirstier you will be. Eat enough to get you by but NO MORE
5.) Mark your steps, keep track of where you have been by leaving a trail of something (ripped clothing fro example) so you can retrace your steps if you get lost.

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You are able to bring one average size backpack with you on your expedition in the desert. Explain what you would pack and why. 

# data[].attributes.subject
You are able to bring one average size backpack with you on your expedition in the desert. Explain what you would pack and why. 

# data[].attributes.body
I would pack a flashlight to help be see at night, since that is one of the best times to travel. A towel would be another thing i would pack, many people who live in the desert wrap the towels around their heads in order to keep their heads moderately cool. I would pack insect repellent/bite cream due to all of the dangerous insects found in the desert. I would pack matches to start a fire if ever needed, protein bars to keep myself fed just enough, and i would pack a fully charged radio phone so I would be able to contact someone if something went wrong.

# data[].attributes.headline
Explain the effects of extreme temperature (both night and day) on a body in the desert. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Explain the effects of extreme temperature (both night and day) on a body in the desert. 

# data[].attributes.body
During the day a desert wanderer is much more likely to die than at night. During the day, in a desert, a human is in constant contact with the sun due to the fact that trees big enough to cast shade over a whole human body are rarely found. An average day in the Sahara can reach temperature above 90 degrees Fahrenheit. With temperatures this high, the human body will begin to attempt to cool itself down in order to maintain homeostasis by sweating. This will cause the body to lose water and soon the person will become dehydrated due to water loss and the fact that there aren't exactly water fountains in the desert. The loss of water in the human body can lead to many dangerous situations such as hallucinations, fainting, and the body could potentially shut down. At night, the person would receive the chance to rest in a cooler temperature, since the temperature in the desert at night could potentially become as low as 40 degrees Fahrenheit.
Pg. 129-133