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water grape

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vitis riparia

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Smeared Eupatory

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eutrochium maculatum

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Barren Strawberry

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waldsteinia ternata

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water forget me not

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myosotis scorpioides

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american ribbed fluke snail

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pseudosuccinea columella

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northern white cedar

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thuja occidentalis

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american elm

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ulmus americana

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red osier dogwood

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cornus sericea

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brown belted bumblebee

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bombus griseocollis

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large mouth bass

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micropterus nigricans

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damp meadows and coastal areas in North America

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small birds

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eastern North America

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wide variety of soils in sun to light shade

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deer

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eastern Europe and Asia

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Type: Herbaceous perennial

Native Range: Europe, Japan, China

Height: 0.25 to 0.50 feet

Spread: 0.50 to 1.00 feet

Bloom Time: April to June

Bloom Description: Yellow

Culture

Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. Tolerates wide range of soils.

Noteworthy Characteristics

Waldsteinia ternata, commonly known as barren strawberry, is a compact plant grown primarily as a ground cover. Features strawberry-like, trifoliate leaves arranged in rosettes, 5-petaled, strawberry-like, yellow flowers and inedible fruit (berries). Typically grows 4-6" tall and spreads by stolons and rhizomes to form a thick carpet of foliage.

Genus name honors Count Franz Adam von Waldstein-Wartenberg (1759-1823), Austrian botanist and writer.

Specific epithet means in clusters of three for the trifoliate leaves.

Problems

No serious insect or disease problems.

Uses

Interesting ground cover. Also effective as an edger (spreads somewhat slowly and surface runners are short).

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Type: Herbaceous perennial Native Range: Europe, Japan, China Height: 0.25 to 0.50 feet Spread: 0.50 to 1.00 feet Bloom Time: April to June Bloom Description: Yellow Culture Easily grown in average, medium, well-drained soil in full sun to part shade. Tolerates wide range of soils.

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part shade, shallow water, moist environment

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slugs and snails

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Europe and Asia

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at the edge of stagnant waters, lily pads, sticks, and mud

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host species for parasites

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North America and Europe

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Pseudosuccinea columella, common name the ‘American ribbed fluke snail’, is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails. (Source: Wikipedia, ″, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudosuccinea_columella, CC BY-SA 3.0 . Photo: (c) Cedric Lee, all rights reserved, uploaded by Cedric Lee)

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well-drained sites, possibly dominant in swamps

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good winter foliage browsing for white-tailed deer, snowshoe hares, and porcupines

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eastern North America

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rich, well-drained loams

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mice, squirrels, opossums, etc.

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eastern North America

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To plant and protect trees for a greener, healthier, and more beautiful world

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regions that are seasonally inundated with water

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many species of birds and mammals

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most of North America, omitting the souther Great Plains and southeast

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Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea L. ssp. sericea)
By Walter Fertig
Of the approximately 50 species of dogwood (genus Cornus) found worldwide, 16 are native to the United States. Red osier dogwood ( Cornus sericea L. ssp. sericea) is our most widespread native species, occurring over most of the continent except for the southern Great Plains and the southeast. Cornus sericea is a 3 to 9 foot tall shrub that can be recognized by its flat, umbrella-like cluster of small four or five-petal white flowers and oval leaves with prominent veins that gently curl to trace the shape of the leaf margin. Red osier lacks the showy petal-like leafy bracts surrounding the flower clusters that are characteristic of the flowering dogwood ( Cornus florida), but still makes a showy garden plant for its foliage and bright red stems (red-osier is French for "red willowy shoot" based on the resemblance of winter dogwoods to leafless willows.

The most reliable way to identify any dogwood is to carefully break the petiole (leaf stalk) and slowly pull each half apart to reveal the stringy white pith inside. Pith is part of the network of fibers that give a stem its strength and flexibility. Dogwood pith is unusual in its rubbery elasticity which allows it to be pulled like cotton candy batter (though it is less edible and brightly colored).

Red-osier dogwood was one of several plants referred to as "kinnikinik" by American Indians for its use as a tobacco substitute. The inner bark of young stems was split and scraped into threads and toasted over a fire before being mixed with real tobacco. Edible plant enthusiast H.D. Harrington wrote that Red-osier "is said to be aromatic and pungent, giving a narcotic effect approaching stupefaction". He recommended its use only in moderation.

For centuries, humans have also used the hard wood of dogwood for basketry, wicker, farm implements, and weaving shuttles. The word dogwood, in fact, is a corruption of the Scandinavian term "dag" meaning skewer (for the hardened sticks used to roast meat). Although the word has nothing to do with our canine companions, it still allows for the clever botanical joke, always worth repeating: How do you tell it is a dogwood? By its bark, of course!

For More Information

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Thousands of wildflowers grow on our national forests and grasslands, in many shapes, sizes, and colors. Celebrating Wildflowers periodically features a different wildflower plant found on our national forests and grasslands.

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nests on the surface of the ground

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eaten by mammals, primarily skunks, bears, and raccoons

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most of the United States, excluding the southwest region

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BEHAVIORS
The brown-belted bumble bee is a medium-tongued bee. It is often seen at milkweeds ( Asclepias spp.), thistles ( Cirsium spp.), sunflowers ( Helinathus spp.), goldenrods ( Solidago spp.), sumacs ( Rhus spp.) and loosestrifes ( Lythrum spp.). This species nests on the surface of the ground. Queens are active from May through September. Workers are active from June through September. Males are active from July through October. These bees are important pollinators of the flowers that they visit to collect nectar and pollen. They are eusocial insects. Their life cycle includes egg, larva, pupa and adult stages. Only the fertilized queen overwinters from a colony. In the spring, she selects a nest site and constructs the nest, which is lined with plant materials. The first brood raised consists of all workers (females). The workers do all the jobs of the hive except egg‐laying. Late in the year both males and queens are produced. Males mate with queens in the fall.

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brown-belted bumble bee (Bombus griseocollis) Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder

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open sunny space with good soil

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birds and mammals

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Europe and southwest Asia

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slow and quiet water with soft and shallow substrates

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when adults, largemouths are typically the apex predator, but they are preyed on by many other fish while young

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eastern/central US, southeastern Canada, and norther Mexico

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USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database

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Author: Fuller, P., Neilson, M., and Procopio, J.

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Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) - Species Profile

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Species summary for Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)