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- One of the leading theories as to how gonorrhea earned the moniker, "The Clap," likely stems from the French word for medieval brothels "clapier."
- The other likely origin comes from the primitive treatment method of clapping the penis between two boards to expel the discharge.

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Gonorrhea, N. gonorrhoeae, is a bacterial pathogen first identified in 1879. It is gram negative and non motile.

Gonorrhea can be spread through oral, anal, and vaginal sex. It can also be spread from mother to child during birth.

It is considered a co-existing infection with Chlamydia, that is, having one puts you at a greater risk of having the other. The two are most often tested for together.

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Gonorrhea can eventually lead to infertility in both sexes, causing epididymitis in males and pelvic inflammatory disease in females.

Untreated ophthalmic infections can lead to eye damage and permanent blindness.

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- Diagnosis is typically done by a Urinalysis or a Wet prep.

- A single dose of 500 mg IM Ceftriaxone is the recommended treatment for genital infections in males and females of any age, though drug-resistant strands are increasing.

- Symptoms typically clear up within 7 days of injection.

- Ophthalmic Erythromycin can prevent the transfer from the mother to a child's eyes during birth.

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- Gonorrhea can be passed from mother to child as the child passes through the birth canal. This will lead to neonatal conjunctivitis that if untreated can cause the globe to rupture and result in permanent blindness.
- Other lesser infections can result from transfer during birth such as rhinitis, vaginitis, urethritis, and skin/scalp infections.

- Mothers that went untreated during pregnancy had higher rates of miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight, and chorioamnionitis.

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Symptoms differ by sex and location of infection. Symptom onset is typically 2-14 days after infection.

- Women are often asymptomatic with genital infections but experience many symptoms similar to a UTI - dysuria, pruritus, vaginal bleeding, and vaginal discharge.
- Men more often experience dysuria, penis discharge, and testicular pain and swelling during genital infections.

- Rectal infections may or may not be symptomatic but can cause rectal pain and pruritus, pain on defecation, rectal discharge, and rectal bleeding.

- Throat infections can cause a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and adenopathy.

- Infections in the eyes lead to photophobia, irritation, and discharge.

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- If the infection disseminates and enters the blood stream it can spread throughout the body, often causing generalized joint pain and swelling and a rash called Arthritis-dermatitis.