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The Trial of Sacco and Vanzetti is one of the more controversial legal cases in American legal history, and one of the most polarizing events within American History as a whole. Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were both Italian immigrants who believed in anarchism. They believed in a radically left ideology during a period of the Red Scare, which taught Americans to hate foreigners who believed in left-wing politics. In the 1920s, there was a robbery/murder, and Sacco and Vanzetti were arrested because they were "foreign radicals". The case became a focal point of debate due to the defendants' radical political beliefs and immigrant background, which many believed influenced the jury and judge's decisions. Despite strong evidence presented by the defense suggesting their innocence, the men were ultimately executed. The picture shows Sacco and Vanzetti together.

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The location where the Trial of Sacco and Vanzetti took place was in Dedham, MA. It was in the North of America. The reason why it is geographically important was because it was an immigrant hub. The 1920s was a time of anti-immigration, with people fearing European immigrants due to the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. Massachusetts was where a lot of immigrants went to for immigrating to America, making it an area with a lot of hatred and tension in the neighborhood. It's important to know this because it gives you context to how Sacco and Vanzetti were unfairly treated in their trial.

The picture shows riot guards standing outside the court yard of Dedham, MA in the 1920s, keeping the area safe from Anarchist protests.

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Dedham, MA (Current times)

The image shows a much more vibrant and colorful picture of what Dedham, MA currently looks like.

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The Red Scare was a time in American History that taught Americans to be fearful of far-left political ideologies, such as Communism, Socialism, and Anarchism. The Red Scare was after WW1, when the Bolsheviks in Russia had a big revolution that overthrew the government. America was enemies with Russia, so they tried to spread the message that ideologies that were similar or even barely related to that of their enemies was extremely bad for the American people. Many of the hated ideologies were grouped together because they were considered "left-wing" and opposite to capitalism. Sacco and Vanzetti were anarchists, meaning that they experienced a lot of prejudice and bias within their trial, because the American people who gave the verdict were inherently biased against them.

The image shows propaganda made by Americans to go against the European far-left ideologies, such as communism.

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Anarchism is a big mixture of doctrines and other ideologies that ultimately focuses on the concept that the government or any form of hierarchical structure for humans is harmful and unnecessary.

Many people believed in Anarchism, but the first person to publicly call themself an anarchist was Pierre Joseph Proudhon. He stated that the real laws of society have aren't supposed to come from a single authority who sets those rules but rather the very nature of society will create it's own laws. He believed that all forms of government would eventually dissapear.

The picture shows a poster supporting Anarchism, made by a recognized anarchist named Robert Graham.

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The 1917 Immigration Act was a bill that the U.S. government passed due to fears from WWI. The bill was vetoed by Woodrow Wilson (president at the time), but it still got passed by congress, which shows how much anti-immigrant sentiment there was at the time. The 1917 Immigration Act did many things, but what it mainly did was have certain areas of the world as "barred zones", where immigrants from those parts of the world weren't allowed to come to the USA.

In the context of the Trial of Sacco and Vanzetti, the bill allowed the government to raid, arrest, and deport European immigrants, calling them "foreign radicals" who wanted to overthrow the American government.

The image shows a cartoon. The cartoon depicts how an immigrant family is coming to the supposed "land of the free", but really there is a big wall preventing them from coming in. The wall says literacy test, because the 1917 Immigration Act required a literacy test for new immigrants, many of which couldn't pass it because they weren't American.