# data[].attributes.body
Discover the distinct roles and responsibilities of SRE and DevOps in our concise guide. Enhance your tech knowledge

# data[].attributes.body
Learn how to install and configure Git on Linux with our concise guide. Simplify the collaboration by providing a structured way to define project configurations.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Git is a powerful version control system that allows developers to track changes to their code and collaborate with others efficiently.
Whether you're a beginner or an experienced programmer, understanding Git and its installation process is essential for successful software development.
In this blog, we'll guide you through the process of installing Git, configuring connections in GitHub and Bitbucket, and adding a remote repository to your local Git repository.

Part 1: Git Installation

Git installation is a straightforward process, and it's available for various operating systems.

Below, we'll walk you through the steps to install Git on Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Windows:

Visit the official Git website at https://git-scm.com/download/win.

Download the latest version of Git for Windows.

Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions.

During the installation, you can choose the default settings or customize them as per your requirements.

Once the installation is complete, open the command prompt or Git Bash to verify the installation by typinggit --version.

macOS:

If you're using Homebrew, open the terminal and typebrew install git.

For macOS users without Homebrew, download the macOS Git installer from https://git-scm.com/download/mac.

Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions.

Once the installation is complete, open the terminal and verify the installation by typinggit --version.

Linux:

Open the terminal and use the package manager to install Git.

For Ubuntu/Debian:

#sudo apt-get update
#sudo apt-get install git

#sudo yum update
#sudo yum install git

Once the installation is complete, verify it by typing git --version in the terminal.

Part 2: Configuring Git

Git needs to be configured with your name and email before you start using it.

This information is used to identify your commits.

Run the following commands, replacing "Your Name" and "your.email@example.com " with your actual name and email:

git config --global user.name "Your Name"

git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"

Part 3: Configuring Connections in GitHub

Step 1: Create a GitHub Account

If you don't have a GitHub account, go to https://github.com and sign up for a free account.

Step 2: Generate SSH Key

In the terminal or Git Bash, type 'ssh-keygen' and press Enter.

You will be prompted to save the SSH keys; press Enter to save it in the default location.

Step 3: Add SSH Key to GitHub

Log in to your GitHub account.

Click on your profile picture in the top right corner, go to "Settings," and select "SSH and GPG keys".

Click on "New SSH key" and give it a title (e.g., "My Laptop").

Open the file ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub (Linux/macOS) or %userprofile%\.ssh\id_rsa.pub (Windows) in a text editor.

Copy the entire content of the file and paste it into the "Key" field on GitHub.Click on "Add SSH key" to save it.

Part 4: Configuring Connections in Bitbucket

Step 1: Create a Bitbucket Account

Step 2: Generate SSH Key (Optional but recommended)

Follow the same steps as in Part 3, Step 2 to generate an SSH key.

Step 3: Add SSH Key to Bitbucket

In your Bitbucket account, go to Settings > Personal Bitbucket Settings > SSH keys.

Click on "Add key" and give it a label (e.g., "My Laptop").

Open the same SSH key file you generated in Part 3, Step 2, and copy the content into the "Key" field on Bitbucket.

Click on "Add key" to save it.

Part 5: Adding a Remote Repository

A remote repository is a repository hosted on a remote server or platform like GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket.

Adding a remote repository to your local Git repository enables collaboration with other developers and facilitates version control.

Step 1: Initialize a local Git repository

First, navigate to the directory where your project is located. Use the following command to initialize a new Git repository:

Step 2: Create a Remote Repository (Optional)

If you don't already have a remote repository, follow these steps to create one on GitHub (similar steps apply to other platforms):

Log in to your GitHub account (or the platform of your choice).

Click on the "+" sign in the top-right corner and select "New repository."

Provide a name, description, and choose other settings as needed.

Click "Create repository."

Step 3: Connect Your Local Git Repository to the Remote Repository

Follow these steps to add a remote repository:

Open the terminal or Git Bash.

Navigate to your local Git repository using the cd command.

For example: cd /path/to/your/local/repository.

Add the URL of the remote repository using the git remote add command:

Replace<remote_repository_url> with the URL of your remote repository.

If you created a repository on GitHub, the URL will be something like <https://github.com/your-username/your-repository.git.>

Verify that the remote repository has been added successfully by running:

Step 4: Pushing Your Local Repository to the Remote

Now that you've connected your local repository to the remote, you can push your code to the remote repository.

Commit your changes locally:

git add . git commit -m "Your commit message here"

Push the changes to the remote repository (in this example, the default branch is assumed to be main):

git push origin main

If you're working with a different branch, replace main with the appropriate branch name.

Conclusion:

Congratulations! You've successfully installed Git on your system and learned how to add a remote repository to your local Git repository. Git is a versatile tool that empowers developers to collaborate effectively and maintain version control throughout the software development process. With this newfound knowledge, you're well on your way to becoming a proficient Git user and contributing to projects with ease. Remember, version control is a crucial aspect of modern software development, so incorporating Git into your workflow can save you headaches and enhance your productivity. Happy coding!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Learn how to install and configure Git on Linux with our concise guide. Simplify the collaboration by providing a structured way to define project configurations.

# data[].attributes.headline
How to Download, Install, and Configure Jenkins

# data[].attributes.subject
How to Download, Install, and Configure Jenkins

# data[].attributes.body
Learn how to download, install, and configure Jenkins with our step-by-step guide. Follow our instructions to set up Jenkins on your Linux system.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
#sudo apt-get update

Step 2: Install JDK 11

#sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk

#java -version

Step 3: Add Jenkins Repository
Import the GPG key used to verify the Jenkins repository package integrity. The following command will import the key without producing any output:
#curl -fsSL https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io-2023.key | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc > /dev/null
Add the Jenkins software repository and supply the authentication key to the source list:
#echo deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc] https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null
After setting up the prerequisites, follow the steps below to install Jenkins on Ubuntu:
#sudo apt update

#sudo apt install jenkins -y

During the installation, you will be prompted to confirm the action. Press, Y and then press Enter to continue. Wait for the download and installation to complete.
Start the Jenkins service using the following command:
sudo systemctl start jenkins
Enable Jenkins to start automatically on system boot:
sudo systemctl enable jenkins
To check if Jenkins is installed and running, run the following command:
sudo systemctl status jenkins

A bright green entry labeled active (running) should appear in the output, indicating that the service is running.
Note: Modify the Firewall to Allow Jenkins
Login to the AWS Console
In your Jenkins master instance go to the security group and allow port 8080.

Jenkins is now running on your Ubuntu machine. You can access its web interface by navigating to "http://your_server_ip_or_domain:8080″ using your web browser.

On the Jenkins web interface, you will be prompted to enter an initial admin password.

To retrieve the password, use the following command:

Now, the screen presents the option of installing suggested plugins or selecting specific plugins:

After the installation of plugins, it's time to create an admin account to login to Jenkins:

Linux (RHEL, Amazon Linux)

Prerequisites:

Before you start, ensure you have the following prerequisites:

An AWS account with access to EC2 instances

An EC2 instance running a supported Amazon Linux or Amazon Linux 2 AMI

Java 11 or higher installed on your EC2 instance

Step 1: Update Software Packages

sudo yum update -y

Step 2: Add Jenkins Repository

#sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo

Step 3: Import Jenkins-CI Key

#sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io-2023.key

Step 4: Install Jenkins

#sudo yum upgrade -y

#sudo amazon-linux-extras install java-openjdk11 -y

#sudo yum install jenkins -y

Step 5: Enable and Start Jenkins
Note: Modify the Firewall to Allow Jenkins
Login to the AWS Console
In your Jenkins master instance go to the security group and allow port 8080.
#sudo systemctl enable jenkins

sudo systemctl start jenkins

sudo systemctl status jenkins

Step 6: Access Jenkins Web Interface

Jenkins is now running on your Linux machine.

You can access its web interface by navigating to "http://your_server_ip_or_domain:8080" using your web browser.

On the Jenkins web interface, you will be prompted to enter an initial admin password.

To retrieve the password, use the following command:

#sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

Now, the screen presents the option of installing suggested plugins or selecting specific plugins:

After the installation of plugins, it's time to create an admin account to login to Jenkins:

Jenkins is now ready to automate your CI/CD pipelines and streamline your software development processes.

Conclusion:

By using the latest Jenkins version, you can take full advantage of its features and enhancements. Enjoy the power of Jenkins and accelerate your software delivery with its wide range of capabilities. Happy automating!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to Download, Install, and Configure Jenkins

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Learn how to download, install, and configure Jenkins with our step-by-step guide. Follow our instructions to set up Jenkins on your Linux system.

# data[].attributes.headline
Jenkins Master-Slave Setup: A Step-by-Step Guide

# data[].attributes.subject
Jenkins Master-Slave Setup: A Step-by-Step Guide

# data[].attributes.body
Set up a Jenkins master-slave architecture with our detailed guide. Follow the step-by-step instructions to configure the master and slave nodes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Introduction

Jenkins, an open-source automation server, is a vital tool for continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines. By setting up a Jenkins master-slave architecture, you can distribute workloads, improve efficiency, and ensure seamless automation even for complex projects. This guide will walk you through the process of setting up a Jenkins master and slave configuration.

Step 1: Install Jenkins Master

Install Java: Jenkins requires Java to run. Make sure you have Java JDK installed on your machine.

Download Jenkins: Visit the official Jenkins website (https://www.jenkins.io/download/ ) and download the appropriate Jenkins package for your operating system.

Install Jenkins: Follow the installation instructions provided for your operating system. This usually involves running the installer and following the prompts.

Access Jenkins: Once installed, open your web browser and navigate to http://localhost:8080 (or the specified port if you customized it during installation).

You will be prompted to unlock Jenkins using an initial admin password. This password can be found on your server by following the instructions provided during installation.

Install Plugins: During the initial setup, Jenkins will prompt you to install recommended plugins.

Select the "Install suggested plugins" option to proceed. These plugins enhance Jenkins' functionality.

Create Admin User: After the plugins are installed, create an admin user account with a username and password.

This account will be used to manage Jenkins.

Step 2: Set Up Jenkins Slave

Below are the steps to set up a Jenkins master-slave architecture:

Create an EC2 instance for Jenkins Slave and install Java 11 and Git:

Launch an EC2 instance on AWS, ensuring it is in the same VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) as the Jenkins Master.

Follow the usual steps to set up the instance, including selecting the security group, key pair, and storage.

Once the instance is running, note down its public IP address.

Log in to the Jenkins Slave EC2 instance and install Java 11 and Git.

Create a directory in the user's home directory on the Jenkins slave:

Create a directory dedicated to Jenkins. For example, you can use the following command:

mkdir /home/ec2-user/jenkins

Step 3: Establish an SSH connection between Jenkins Master and Slave.

Open a terminal or command prompt on the Jenkins Master machine.

Use the SSH key pair you already have or generate a new SSH key pair using the ssh-keygen command.

Once you have the key pair, copy the public key (usually located in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) to the clipboard.

Login to Jenkins Slave and Paste the public key of the Jenkins master into ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file.

Now, Verify whether your able to ssh into slave from master.

Step 4: Add the credentials to connect to the slave machine

In the Jenkins dashboard, click on "Manage Jenkins" in the left-hand sidebar.

Select "Credentials."

Click on the "Global" domain.

Click on "Add Credentials".

Fill in the following details:

Kind: SSH Username with private key

Scope: Global

Username: ec2-user

Private Key: Enter the private key content directly (you can copy the content from ~/.ssh/id_rsa on the Jenkins Master machine).

ID: Create a unique ID to identify these credentials (e.g., "Jenkins-slave-ssh-credentials")

Description: Describe these credentials if needed.

Click on "OK" to save the credentials.

Step 5: Add an Agent

In the Jenkins dashboard, click on "Manage Jenkins" in the left-hand sidebar.

Select "Nodes and Clouds."

Click on "New Node" to create a new slave node.

Fill in the following details:

Node Name: Choose a name for the slave node.

Select Permanent Agent and then click on Create.

Usage: Select "Use this node as much as possible."Remote root directory: Specify the path of the directory dedicated to Jenkins on the slave server (e.g., /home/ec2-user/jenkins).

Labels: Optionally, you can assign labels to the slave node for specific job assignments.Launch method: Select "Launch agent via SSH".

Host: Enter the public IP address of the Jenkins Slave machine.Credentials: Select the credentials you created in Step 4 from the dropdown.

Host Key Verification Strategy: Choose "Non-Verifying Verification Strategy".

Availability: Select "Keep this agent online as much as possible."

Node Properties: Leave this section blank.

Click on "Save" to create the Jenkins Slave node.

Now, Jenkins should be able to connect to the Slave using SSH and utilize it as an agent for running builds and jobs.

Conclusion:

Setting up a Jenkins master and slave architecture provides a scalable and efficient way to manage CI/CD pipelines. The master-slave setup allows you to distribute workloads, parallelize builds, and improve overall automation efficiency. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you'll be well-equipped to establish a reliable Jenkins environment for your development and deployment needs.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Jenkins Master-Slave Setup: A Step-by-Step Guide

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Set up a Jenkins master-slave architecture with our detailed guide. Follow the step-by-step instructions to configure the master and slave nodes.

# data[].attributes.body
Docker has revolutionized the way applications are developed, deployed, and managed. It allows developers to package applications and their dependencies into containers, ensuring consistency across different environments.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Docker has revolutionized the way applications are developed, deployed, and managed. It allows developers to package applications and their dependencies into containers, ensuring consistency across different environments.

Now let's explore how to install Docker on different operating systems.

Amazon Linux 2:

If you're using Amazon Linux 2 as your operating system, this guide will walk you through the process of installing Docker so you can harness the power of containerization for your projects.

Prerequisites:

Before you begin, make sure you have the following:

An Amazon Linux 2 instance (either on Amazon EC2 or a local machine)

Administrative privileges (Sudo or root access)

Step 1: Update Package Repositories

Open a terminal or SSH into your Amazon Linux 2 instance.

The first thing you want to do is ensure your package repositories are up-to-date. Run the following command:

#sudo yum update -y

Step 2: Search for the Docker package

#sudo yum search docker

Step 3: Get version information

#sudo yum info docker

Step 4: Install Required Dependencies

Docker requires some packages to be installed on your system.

Use the following command to install the necessary dependencies:

#sudo yum install -y docker

Step 5: Start and Enable Docker

Now that Docker is installed, you need to start the Docker service and enable it to start automatically on boot.

Run the following commands:

#sudo systemctl start docker #sudo systemctl enable docker

Step 6: Verify Docker Installation

To ensure that Docker is running and functioning correctly, you can run a simple test by executing the following command:

#sudo docker --version

This should display the version of Docker that you've installed, confirming that the installation was successful.

Step 7: Allowing Docker Commands Without sudo (Optional) By default

To add your user to the "docker" group, use the following command:

#sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

Remember that you'll need to log out and log back in for the group changes to take effect.

Step 8: Finding status

Get the Docker service status on your AMI instance, and run.

#sudo systemctl status docker.service

Step 9: Test a Docker Container

To verify that Docker is functioning correctly and to get hands-on experience with containers, you can pull and run a sample container.

For example, you can run the official "hello-world" container:

#docker run hello-world

This command will pull the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub and run it as a container.

If everything is set up properly, you'll see a message confirming the successful installation.

Windows:

Installing Docker on Windows is a straightforward process that opens the door to seamless application development and deployment. In this guide, we'll walk you through the steps to install Docker on your Windows machine.

Step 1: Check System Requirements

Before diving into the installation process, ensure your system meets the minimum requirements:

Windows 10 64-bit: Pro, Enterprise, or Education editions.

A compatible processor with Second Level Address Translation (SLAT).

Virtualization technology must be enabled in BIOS/UEFI settings.

At least 4GB of RAM (8GB or more is recommended).

Hyper-V and containers must be enabled in the Windows Features settings.

Step 2: Download Docker Desktop

To start the installation, you need to download Docker Desktop, which includes everything you need to run Docker containers on Windows. Follow these steps:

Open your preferred web browser and navigate to the Docker Desktop download page (https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop ).

Click on the "Get Docker Desktop for Windows" button to start the download.

Once the download is complete, locate the installer file (usually named "Docker Desktop Installer.exe") and run it.

Step 3: Installation Process

The installation process is quite straightforward.

Double-click the installer file to launch the installation wizard.

If prompted, grant the installer the necessary permissions for the installer to make changes to your system.

The installer will guide you through the setup process, including configuring Docker settings.

You can choose to use Windows containers, Linux containers, or both.

During the installation, Docker Desktop will require a restart of your computer.

Make sure to save any ongoing work before proceeding.

Step 4: Verify Installation

Once your computer has restarted, you can verify the successful installation of Docker Desktop:

Look for the Docker icon in your system tray (usually located at the bottom-right corner of your screen).

It may take a few moments to initialize.

When Docker is ready, the icon will turn from gray to the Docker whale logo.

Right-click on the Docker icon and select "Settings" to explore and configure Docker Desktop preferences.

Step 5: Test Docker Installation

Now that Docker is installed, let's run a simple test to ensure it's working as expected:

Open the Command Prompt or PowerShell.

Type the following command and press Enter:

#docker --version

This command will display the Docker version if the installation is successful.

MacOS:

Step 1: Check System Requirements

Before you begin, ensure that your macOS version meets the requirements.

Docker Desktop for macOS requires a 64-bit Intel-based Mac running macOS Yosemite 10.10.3 or later, with at least 4 GB of RAM.

Step 2: Download Docker Desktop

Step 3: Install Docker Desktop

Once the download is complete, locate the downloaded Docker Desktop package (usually in your Downloads folder).

Double-click the package file to start the installation process.

Drag and drop the Docker icon into the Applications folder to complete the installation.

Step 4: Launch Docker Desktop

Open the Applications folder and locate the Docker icon.

Double-click the Docker icon to launch the Docker Desktop.

You might be prompted to grant permission for Docker to change your system.

Docker Desktop will start up, and a whale icon will appear in your system tray, indicating that Docker is running.

Step 5: Verify Installation

To ensure Docker is installed correctly, you can run a simple test command.

Open a terminal window (you can find it in Applications > Utilities or use Spotlight search).

Type the following command and press Enter:

#docker --version

Conclusion:

Congratulations on installing Docker! Whether on Amazon Linux 2, Windows, or macOS, you've opened doors to efficient development and deployment. Docker's containerization simplifies managing applications and dependencies for consistent experiences across environments.

Explore Docker further-customize images, manage containers, and deploy multi-container apps. Enjoy the versatility and power Docker brings to your projects. Happy containerizing!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to Install Docker: A Beginner's Guide

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Learn how to install Docker on your system with our step-by-step guide. Discover the power of containerization and automation with Docker.

# data[].attributes.body
Create an EC2 instance on AWS with our comprehensive guide. Learn how to launch virtual machines, known as instances, on the AWS cloud infrastructure.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.It allows you to launch virtual machines, known as instances, on the AWS cloud infrastructure.In this tutorial, we will walk you through the process of creating an EC2 instance on AWS.

Prerequisites:

Before you start, make sure you have an AWS account. If you don't have one, you can sign up for a free-tier account at https://aws.amazon.com/free/.

Step 1: Sign in to the AWS Management Console

Step 2: Access the EC2 Dashboard

Once you are logged in, search for "EC2" in the AWS Management Console search bar and select "EC2" under the "Compute" category.

Step 3: Launch an EC2 Instance

In the EC2 Dashboard, click on the instances, and then click on the "Launch Instance" button to start the instance creation wizard.

Step 4: Choose an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)

The first step is to give the name of the instance and choose an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) for your instance. You can select from various pre-configured AMIs, including different operating systems and software configurations.

Select the AMI that best suits your needs and click on the "Select" button.

Step 5: Choose an Instance Type

Next, you need to choose an instance type. This defines the hardware resources allocated to your instance. You can choose from various instance types, depending on your workload requirements.

Select the instance type that suits your needs and click on the "Next: Configure Instance Details" button.

Step 6: Select a Key Pair

To access your instance, you need to select or create an SSH key pair. If you already have a key pair, select it from the drop-down menu. Otherwise, create a new key pair by clicking on the "Create a new key pair" option and providing a name for the key pair.

Download the key pair and keep it in a safe place, as you will need it to access your instance later.

Once you have selected or created a key pair, click on Network Settings.

Step 7: Network Settings (Optional)

In this step, you can configure optional settings for your instance, such as network settings, IAM roles, and user data. If you are new to AWS, you can leave the default settings.

Once you are done with the configuration, click on the "Configure Storage" button.

Step 7: Configure Storage (Optional)

Here, you can specify the storage requirements for your instance. By default, AWS provides a root volume for your instance.

You can adjust the size and type of the root volume or add additional volumes if needed.

After making any necessary changes, click on the "Next: Add Tags" button.

Step 8: Add Tags (Optional)

Tags allow you to add metadata to your resources for better organization and identification. You can add tags with key-value pairs to your instance.

Click on the "Add Tag" button and enter the desired tags. Once done, click on the "Next: Configure Security Group" button.

Step 9: Review and Launch

Review all the configuration settings for your instance. If everything looks good, click on the "Launch" button.

Step 10: Launch Status

Your instance is now being launched. You will see a confirmation message that your instance is being launched.

Click on the "View Instances" button to go to the EC2 Dashboard, where you can see the status of your instance.

Step 11: Accessing Your EC2 Instance

Once your instance is running, you can access it using SSH for Linux-based instances or RDP for Windows-based instances.

Use the public IP or public DNS provided in the EC2 Dashboard to connect to your instance.

Conclusion:

Congratulations! You have successfully created an EC2 instance on AWS.

Now you can start deploying your applications or workloads to the instance. Remember to manage your EC2 instances properly to avoid unnecessary costs and secure your resources. Enjoy the flexibility and scalability that AWS EC2 offers for your cloud computing needs.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Create an EC2 instance on AWS with our comprehensive guide. Learn how to launch virtual machines, known as instances, on the AWS cloud infrastructure.

# data[].attributes.headline
Splunk Enterprise: Uncovering Data-Driven Insights for IT Mastery

# data[].attributes.subject
Splunk Enterprise: Uncovering Data-Driven Insights for IT Mastery

# data[].attributes.body
Discover the power of Splunk Enterprise with our comprehensive guide. Learn how to search, analyze, and visualize data from your IT infrastructure and more.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
With the dynamic software program Splunk Enterprise, designed for IT professionals, you can unleash the power of your data. This book covers the many capabilities that make Splunk a vital tool for data analytics and visualization, from indexing to real-time searches, alarms, and extensive dashboards.

What is Splunk Enterprise?

Splunk Enterprise is a software product that enables you to search, analyze, and visualize the data gathered from the components of your IT infrastructure or business.

Splunk Enterprise takes in data from websites, applications, sensors, devices, and so on. After you define the data source, Splunk Enterprise indexes the data stream and parses it into a series of individual events that you can view and search.

Features of Splunk Enterprise :

Indexing :

Splunk Enterprise processes and stores the data that represents your business and its infrastructure.

You can collect data from devices and applications such as websites, servers, databases, operating systems, and more.

Once the data is collected, the index segments, stores, compresses the data and maintains the supporting metadata to accelerate searching.

Search :

Search is the primary way users navigate their data in Splunk Enterprise. You can save a search as a report and use it to power dashboard panels. Searches provide insight from your data, such as:

Retrieving events from an index

Calculating metricsSearching for specific conditions within a rolling time window

Identifying patterns in your data

Predicting future trends

Alerts:

Alerts notify you when search results for both historical and real-time searches meet configured conditions.

You can configure alerts to trigger actions like sending alert information to designated email addresses, posting alert information to an RSS feed, and running a custom script, such as one that posts an alert event to Syslog.

Dashboards:

Dashboards contain panels of modules like search boxes, fields, charts, and so on. Dashboard panels are usually connected to saved searches or pivots.

They display the results of completed searches and data from real-time searches that run in the background.

Pivot :

Pivot refers to the table, chart, or data visualization you create using the Pivot Editor.

Pivots can be saved as reports and added to dashboards.

Data model :

Data models encode specialized domain knowledge about one or more sets of indexed data.

They enable Pivot Editor users to create reports and dashboards without designing the searches that generate them.

Reports :

Data models encode specialized domain knowledge about one or more sets of indexed data.

They enable Pivot Editor users to create reports and dashboards without designing the searches that generate them.

Splunk Forwarder:

Universal Forwarders to provide reliable. secure data collection from remote sources and forward data into the Splunk enterprise server for indexing and consolidation.

They can scale to tens of thousands of remote systems. collecting terabytes of data.

Splunk Installation and Setup

OS - RHEL, minimum 5GB of hard disk.

This product is license-based so a free trial is available for 60 days.

Create the account at https://www.splunk.com/

Navigate the page to products > Free trials and Downloads > Splunk Enterprise (Download free trial 60 dial) > Linux > click on .tgz download now > select the command line > copy the CLI (point to the latest version to download)
On your ec2 instance follow the below steps:

Paste the command line copied from Splunk UI
Example :

wget ----------------------------- $ mv splunk-8.2.6-a6fe1ee8894b-Linux-x86_64.tgz /opt $ cd /opt $ tar -xvzf splunk-8.2.6-a6fe1ee8894b-Linux-x86_64.tgz $ cd splunk/bin

Start the Splunk enterprise service

./splunk start --accept-license
accept the license and set username and password (username : abcd & password : xxxxxx)
Access the UI http://ip:8000

Log in to the UI using the credentials that you created the credentials while starting the Splunk enterprise services.

Apps panel

The Apps panel lists the applications that are installed on your Splunk instance. The list shows only the apps that you have permission to view.

When you first open Splunk Web, you see Search & Reporting in the Apps panel.

The Search & Reporting app is sometimes referred to as simply the Search app.

There might be other apps listed on the Apps panel if other applications are installed on your computer.

Account Menu

The Account menu displays Administrator. Use the menu to edit your account settings, set your preferences, and to logout.

How To Install Splunk Universal Forwarder to the remote machine

Download the tar file of the Splunk universal forwarder to the remote machine and use the below link to get the CLI command to install the forwarder.

https://www.splunk.com/en_us/download/universal-forwarder.html?locale=en_us

Extract the tar file to /opt

$ tar -xvzf splunkforwarder-8.2.6-a6fe1ee8894b-Linux-x86_64.tgz -C /opt

Change the permission to 777 of the Splunk forwarder directory

$cd /opt

$ chmod -R 777 splunkforwarder

$ cd /opt/splunkforwarder/bin

$ ./splunk start

Accept the license and provide a new username and password (username: xyz & password: yyyy).

How To Add Remote Hosts to Splunk Server To Push Log For Indexing

Enable the 9997 port on Splunk Enterprise and make sure 9997 is listening

$ netstat -tnlp

log in to the remote client machine and run the below command to add a host to the Splunk server

$ cd /opt/splunkforwarder/bin $ ./splunk add forward-server <splunk enterprise server ip address>:9997

The below command will send /var/log/messages data to the Splunk server.

$ ./splunk add monitor /var/log/messgaes

Use Case: Producing error log on the remote server

Install nginx web server

$ yum install nginx

$ systemctl start nginx

Add the /var/log/nginx path to the Splunk server

#./splunk add monitor /var/log/nginx

Try to access the UI through public IP http://public-ip

Produce the error from the UI
Example: this will redirect some error page

Now, check the logs on the remote machine

$ cd /var/log/nginx

$ tail -f error.log

2022/06/07 10:02:59 [error] 1831#0: *5 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/efgh" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 122.171.129.72, server: _, request: "GET /efgh HTTP/1.1", host: "34.228.170.107"

Log in to Splunk Enterprises UI, Navigate to Search and Reporting, and Click on Data Summary where you will able to see all the added hosts.

Search the error generated on nginx through Splunk Enterprise, Navigate search and reporting on Splunk Enterprise.

You can use time ranges to troubleshoot an issue if you know the approximate timeframe when the issue occurred.

Narrow the time range of your search to that timeframe. For example, to investigate an incident that occurred sometime in the last hour, you can use the default time range Last 24 hours, but a better option is the Last 60 minutes.

Example 1: host="ip-10-0-9-60.ec2.internal"

hostname="ip-10-0-9-60.ec2.internal"

Example 2 : host="hostnameA" AND host="hostnameB"

Example 3 : source = /var/log/nginx/error.log

Preset time ranges

The time range picker has many preset time ranges that you can select from.

Click the time range picker to see a list of the time range options. The Presets option contains Real-time, Relative, and Other time ranges.

Real-time searches display a live, streaming view of events. You can specify a window over which to retrieve events.

Historical searches display events from the past. You can restrict your search by specifying a relative time range or a specific date and time range.

Because the data for the Buttercup Games online store is a snapshot of historical data, you will not use the "'Real-time"' preset time ranges in this tutorial.

In the Presets option in the Relative list, click Yesterday.

The number of events returned should be larger. You changed the time range from Last 24 hours to Yesterday.

Custom time ranges

Use a custom time range when one of the preset time ranges is not precise enough for your search.

Specify relative time ranges

You can use the Relative option to specify a custom time range.

Open the time range picker.

To run a search over the last two days, select the Relative time range option.

For Earliest, type 2 in the field, and select Days Ago from the drop-down list.

For the Latest, the default is Now. Select Beginning of Today.

Click Apply.

The timestamps that appear below the radio buttons adjust based on your selections in the Relative list of time ranges.

As mentioned before, if no events are returned, select a different time range, such as 4 Days Ago or 1 Week Ago.

Specify date and time ranges

You can also use the Date Range and Date & Time Range options to specify a custom time range.

Use Between to specify that events must occur between the earliest and latest date.

Use Before to specify that events must occur before a date.

Use Since to specify that events must occur after a date.

You use the Date Range option to specify dates. The following screen image shows the calendar that you can use to select a date.

You use the Date & Time Range option when you want to specify both a date and a time. The following screen image shows the "Between", "Before", or "Since" options.

Setting Up Alerts In Splunk

Splunk alerts are actions that get triggered when a specific criterion is met which is defined by the user. The goal of alerts can be logging an action, sending an email, or outputting a result to a lookup file, etc.

Creating an Alert

You create an alert by running a search query and saving its result as an alert. In the below screenshot, we take the search for day-wise file count and save the result as an alert by choosing the Save As option.

In the next screenshot, we configure the alert properties. The below image shows the configuration screen.

The purpose and choices of each of these options are explained below −

Title − It is the name of the alert.

Description − It is a detailed description of what the alert does.

Permission − Its value decides who can access, run, or edit the alert. If declared private, then only the creator of the alert has all the permissions.

To be accessed by others the option should be changed to Shared in App.

In this case, everyone has read access but only the power user has edit access for the alert.

Alert Type − A scheduled alert runs at a pre-defined interval whose run time is defined by the day and time chosen from the drop downs.

But the other option on real-time alert causes the search to run continuously in the background.

Whenever the condition is met, the alert action is executed.

Trigger condition − The trigger condition checks for the criteria mentioned in the trigger and sets off the alert only when the alert criteria are met.

You can define the number of results number of sources or several hosts in the search result to trigger the alert.

If it is set for once, it will execute only once when the result condition is met but if it is set to reach Result, then it will run for every row in the result set where the trigger condition is met.

Trigger Actions − The trigger actions can give a desired output or send an email when the trigger condition is met.

The below image shows some of the important trigger actions available in Splunk.

How to upload the local data logs file to Splunk server https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.2.6/SearchTutorial/GetthetutorialdataintoSplunk

How to generate the Report https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.2.6/SearchTutorial/GetthetutorialdataintoSplunk

How to create the Dashboard https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.2.6/SearchTutorial/Createnewdashboard

Conclusion:

Explore the world of Splunk Enterprise to transform data management and analysis. IT pros can fully use their infrastructure using Splunk, whether it's for providing comprehensive reports, deploying universal forwarders, or setting up alarms. Accept the challenge of configuring, utilizing, and mastering Splunk to gain unmatched insights and IT proficiency. Cheers to your successful exploration!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Splunk Enterprise: Uncovering Data-Driven Insights for IT Mastery

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Discover the power of Splunk Enterprise with our comprehensive guide. Learn how to search, analyze, and visualize data from your IT infrastructure and more.

# data[].attributes.headline
Datadog: A Comprehensive Guide to Optimization and Monitoring

# data[].attributes.subject
Datadog: A Comprehensive Guide to Optimization and Monitoring

# data[].attributes.body
Monitor your IT and DevOps infrastructure with Datadog's powerful monitoring and analytics tool. Gain insights into performance metrics and cloud services.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
For IT and DevOps teams, Datadog is a flexible analytics and monitoring solution that allows event tracking and performance metric determination across a range of cloud and infrastructure services. Datadog supports Windows, Linux, and Mac OS and is compatible with major cloud service providers like AWS, Azure, Red Hat OpenShift, and Google Cloud. It may be implemented on-premises or as a SaaS.

What is Datadog?

Datadog is a monitoring and analytics tool for information technology (IT) and DevOps teams that can be used to determine performance metrics as well as event monitoring for infrastructure and cloud services. The software can monitor services such as servers, databases, and tools.

Datadog monitoring software is available for deployment on-premises or as a software as a service (SaaS). Datadog supports Windows, Linux, and Mac operating systems. Support for cloud service providers includes AWS, Microsoft Azure, Red Hat OpenShift, and Google Cloud Platform.

Datadog can also send users notifications of performance issues on any set metric, such as compute rates. Users are notified through means such as email, Slack, or PagerDuty.

Pricing Details: https://www.datadoghq.com/pricing/

Prerequisites

Datadog is providing a 14-day trial account in this account you will be getting the Datadog controller SAAS product once you register in the Datadog account https://www.datadoghq.com/.

$ DD_AGENT_MAJOR_VERSION=7
DD_API_KEY=7e99f076612449c8d47e7bfc14a966 DD_SITE="us3.datadoghq.com"
bash -c
"$(curl -L https://s3.amazonaws.com/dd-agent/scripts/install_script.sh)"

#this command will verify depending upon your OS and the API key will differ in every new account.

$systemctl start datadog-agent

Once the Agent is installed on the host Under the Infrastructure List we can collect all the added hosts.

Server Monitoring

Click on the host > metrics

Enabling the Live process for the OS

process_config: enabled: true

The enabled value is a string with the following options:

Additionally, some configuration options may be set as environment variables.

Web Server Monitoring (Apache Integration with Datadog and Log monitoring)

The Apache check is packaged with the Datadog Agent. To start gathering your Apache metrics and logs, you need to:

To configure the check for an Agent running on a host:
Metric collection:

Edit the apache.d/conf.yaml file in the conf.d/ folder at the root of your Agent's configuration directory to start collecting your Apache metrics. See the sample apache.d/conf.yaml for all available configuration options.

init_config: instances: ## @param apache_status_url - string - required ## Status url of your Apache server. # - apache_status_url: http://localhost/server-status?auto

Enabling Log collection for Apache

Available for Agent versions >6.0

Collecting logs is disabled by default in the Datadog Agent. Enable it in datadog.yaml: logs_enabled: true

Add this configuration block to your apache.d/conf.yaml file to start collecting your Apache logs, and adjusting the path and service values to configure them for your environment:

logs: - type: file path: /path/to/your/apache/access.log source: apache service: apache sourcecategory: http_web_access - type: file path: /path/to/your/apache/error.log source: apache service: apache sourcecategory: http_web_error

Datadog APM

Datadog APM enables you to monitor service dependencies and health metrics, reduce latency, and eliminate errors so that your users get the best possible experience. Datadog supports monitoring APM levels for Java, Python, Go, Ruby, Node.js, (beta) PHP, (beta). NET.

Datadog APM for Java application running with Tomcat

Step 1 - Install Datadog Agent in your host

Step 2 - Install Java Application

$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk

Step 3 - Install and Run Apache Tomcat

$ sudo apt install wget unzip -y $ cd /opt $ wget https://mirrors.estointernet.in/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.65/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.65.zip $ unzip apache-tomcat-8.5.65.zip

Step 4 - Download dd-java-agent.jar into /opt/ and give permission.

$ cd /opt $ wget -O dd-java-agent.jar 'https://dtdg.co/latest-java-tracer' $ chmod 777 dd-java-agent.jar

Step 5 - Edit catalina.sh and the following entry

$ vi /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.61/bin/catalina.sh # Make sure dd.service and dd.env as per your choice. CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -javaagent:/opt/dd-java-agent.jar -Ddd.profiling.enabled=true -Ddd.logs.injection=true -Ddd.trace.sample.rate=1 -Ddd.service=apm-tomcat -Ddd.env=test"

Step 6 - Start Tomcat and Datadog Agent

$ systemctl restart datadog-agent $ cd /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.65/bin $ chmod -R 775 . $ ./startup.sh $ ps -eaf | grep tomcat | grep dd

Review the Result :

Reporting services appear on the APM services page.

The services list is a high-level view of all services reporting from your infrastructure.

Select an individual service to view detailed performance insights.

Datadog offers complete Application Performance Monitoring (APM) and distributed tracing for organizations operating at any scale.

You can use Datadog's auto-instrumentation libraries to collect performance data or integrate Datadog with open-source instrumentation and tracing tools.

Datadog Synthetic API :

Datadog Synthetic API tests and browser tests help you proactively identify issues in application endpoints and key business workflows (e.g., signing up for a new account) before your end users encounter them.

Synthetic API tests generate active requests to your web properties or application endpoints at periodic, configurable intervals. Synthetic Monitoring can continuously simulate several different types of traffic:HTTP: verifies that applications are up and respond to requests.

DNS: monitors the performance and resolvability of DNS nameservers.

TCP: ensures the availability of critical service ports (e.g., SSH (22), DNS (53), VPN over HTTPS (443)).

SSL: validates SSL/TLS certificates and tracks their expiration dates.

ICMP: pings endpoints to detect connectivity or latency issues, unexpected changes to security firewall settings, and the number of network hops to a host

To add the Endpoint URL to monitor follow the below steps:
UX Monitoring > Synthetic Test > New API Test > Provide URL name and select particular protocol > Test URL once after the test check is passed > Select the region >Mention the required details such as frequency and Enter the message > whom should notify > Create
To add the Endpoint URL to monitor follow the below steps :
UX Monitoring > Synthetic Test > New API Test > Provide URL name and select particular protocol > Test URL once after the test check is passed > Select the region >Mention the required details such as frequency and Enter the message > whom should notify > Create

How you will see the uptime in every region?

Dashboard Creation

A dashboard is Datadog's tool for visually tracking, analyzing, and displaying key performance metrics, which enables you to monitor the health of your infrastructure.

To create a dashboard, click +New Dashboard on the Dashboard List page or New Dashboard from the navigation menu. Enter a dashboard name and choose a layout option.

Select the widget.

Select the Metrics and Host for the creation of the Dashboard and click Create.

Alerting

Monitoring all of your infrastructure in one place wouldn't be complete without the ability to know when critical changes are occurring. Datadog gives you the ability to create monitors that actively check metrics, integration availability, network endpoints, and more. Configure monitors, notify your teams, and manage alerts at a glance on the Alerting platform.

Manage Monitors

Add new members and manage invites

To add members to your organization:

Go to the Organization Settings page, then click the Users tab.

Click Invite Users in the upper right corner of the page.

Enter the email address of the user you wish to invite to your Datadog account.

Assign one or more user roles to the users.(
Note: Users with the Invite User permission can invite a user to any role they have themselves. Users with both the Invite User and Access Management permissions can invite a user to any role.)

Click Send Invites.

Un-install/remove Datadog Agent from the host

sudo yum remove Datadog-agent

This command removes the Agent, but does not remove:

The datadog.yaml configuration file.

user-created files in the /etc/dd-agent configuration folder.

user-created files in the /opt/datadog-agent folder.

the dd-agent user.

#sudo userdel dd-agent \ && sudo rm -rf /opt/datadog-agent/ \ && sudo rm -rf /etc/dd-agent/ \ && sudo rm -rf /var/log/datadog/

Datadog Monitoring EKS Cluster

Prerequisite:

Install the Helm and AWS CLI on your OS to connect the EKS. On the UI > Integration > Kubernetes > Install Integration.

Install using helm
helm repo add datadog https://helm.datadoghq.com helm repo update.

Helm v3+

$ helm install datadog --set datadog.site='http://datadoghq.com ' --set datadog.apiKey=your_api_key --set datadog.apm.enabled=true --set datadog.log.enabled=true datadog/datadog $ helm repo update
Enable Cluster Log :
datadog: ## @param logs - object - required ## Enable logs agent and provide custom configs # logs: ## @param enabled - boolean - optional - default: false ## Enables this to activate Datadog Agent log collection. # enabled: true ## @param containerCollectAll - boolean - optional - default: false ## Enable this to allow log collection for all containers. # containerCollectAll: true

$ helm install pod-name -f values.yaml --set datadog.site='datadoghq.com' --set datadog.apiKey='your_api_key' datadog/datadog

Reference: https://docs.datadoghq.com/containers/kubernetes/

Conclusion:

With Datadog, you may go on an enlightening journey from installation to advanced functionality. Examine configurable dashboards, live tracking of metrics, and notification systems. You can monitor, diagnose, and optimize your infrastructure with Datadog, which offers services like APM, synthetic API testing, and server monitoring.

Datadog can track Apache metrics and orchestrate APM for Java applications, among many other things. Develop a strong monitoring strategy that is specific to the requirements of your company to get the most out of your Datadog experience. Cheers to your monitoring!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Datadog: A Comprehensive Guide to Optimization and Monitoring

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Monitor your IT and DevOps infrastructure with Datadog's powerful monitoring and analytics tool. Gain insights into performance metrics and cloud services.

# data[].attributes.headline
Discovering 5 Practical DevOps Applications with Amazon ECS

# data[].attributes.subject
Discovering 5 Practical DevOps Applications with Amazon ECS

# data[].attributes.body
Discover how to create an ECS cluster and define task definitions with Amazon ECS. CloudZenix offers cloud consulting, migration, and support services...

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Discovering 5 Practical DevOps Applications with Amazon ECS

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Discover how to create an ECS cluster and define task definitions with Amazon ECS. CloudZenix offers cloud consulting, migration, and support services...

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
How To Use Shared Libraries in A Jenkins Pipeline?

# data[].attributes.headline
How To Use Shared Libraries in A Jenkins Pipeline?

# data[].attributes.subject
How To Use Shared Libraries in A Jenkins Pipeline?

# data[].attributes.body
Learn how to use shared libraries in a Jenkins pipeline with our detailed guide. Discover the benefits of creating and maintaining code reusability.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Discover the efficiency of Jenkins Shared Libraries as we delve into creating a powerful shared library for seamless pipeline integration. Uncover the simplicity of organizing repetitive pipeline code, saving time, and ensuring consistency across multiple applications.

In the world of Jenkins, a pipeline is the smallest unit every Jenkins user interacts with.

There are two ways of writing a Jenkinsfile - One is called Scripted Pipeline, where syntax for a pipeline is strictly Groovy. Another is a relatively new way of writing Jenkinsfile called Declarative Pipeline.

Most of the applications have the same steps to build, test & deploy the application. So instead of repeating those steps for every application, we can create a shared library, which can be used across applications.

Let's say we have five different Spring Boot applications in our Microservice architecture. All of them need to be built using Maven, run Unit & Integration tests to ensure the integrity of code, packed as a JAR/WAR file & pushed to the satisfactory.

Typically, all five applications need their own Jenkinsfile, but the content of the Jenkinsfiles is going to be mostly the same. Jenkins Shared Library avoids this repetition of pipeline code by creating a shared library.

Steps to create & use the Jenkins shared library:

Create a separate git repo for the Jenkins pipeline library & push the shared library code to that repo.

Integrate the shared library repo in Jenkins under the Manage Jenkins section.

Create Jenkinsfile in the project. In that Jenkinsfile, Import & use the shared library.

Jenkins Shared Libraries are usually pushed into a separate Git repository & checked out by Jenkins job during the job run.

Steps to create Jenkins shared library:

Step 1: Create a vars folder

Create a separate project directory. Inside the project directory, create a directory called vars, which will host the shared library's source code (usually in files with extension. groovy)

Step 2: Create a Groovy file.

Create a file called onlineBookStore.groovy inside the vars folder.

The filename onlineBookStore will be used later by Jenkinsfile to access this Jenkins pipeline library.

vars | --- onlineBookStore.groovy

Step 3: Create a call () function inside the Groovy file.

When a shared library is referred from the Jenkins job, Jenkins, by default, will invoke the call () function within our Groovy file.

def call(repoUrl,dockerImageName){ pipeline { agent any tools { maven 'Maven 3.9.0' } environment { DOCKERHUB_CREDENTIALS = credentials('dockerhubID') } stages { stage("git_checkout") { steps { git branch: 'J2EE', credentialsId: 'githubloginID', url:"${repoUrl}" echo "repo cloned successfully." } } stage("Build") { steps { sh 'mvn clean package' } post{ success{ echo "Archiving the artifacts" archiveArtifacts artifacts: '**/target/*.war' } } } stage("Build Docker Image") { steps { script { sh "docker build -t ${dockerImageName}:${BUILD_NUMBER} ." } } } stage("Push image to Dockerhub") { steps { script { sh "echo $DOCKERHUB_CREDENTIALS_PSW | docker login -u $DOCKERHUB_CREDENTIALS_USR --password-stdin" sh "docker push ${dockerImageName}:${BUILD_NUMBER}" } } } } } }

In the above example, the call is the name of the function, repoUrl, and dockerImageName are the arguments.

Note: Call () function can take 'n' number of arguments.

Now commit & push the contents of the vars folder to a remote git repository.

Steps to configure Jenkins pipeline library:

Step 1: Open Jenkins in your browser. (if local)

http://localhost:8080/

Step 2: Click on manage Jenkins on the left side menu.

Step 3: Click on configure system. Scroll down until you find the Global Pipeline Libraries section.

Step 4: Under the Library section, configure values as below.

Name (remember, we will refer to this shared library from Jenkinsfile using this name).

Default version (branch name of our Shared Library git repo).

Under the Retrieval method, choose Modern SCM.

Under Source Code Management, choose Git.

Enter your Pipeline Shared Libraries repo URL under Project Repository.

Configure credentials if your repo requires credentials to checkout code.

First, we need to import the shared library to use the functions defined in that library. we can do that using '@Library (' Library_Name ').

The online bookstore is the name of the groovy file inside the vars folder of the shared library.

"https://github.com/bprasad701/onlinebookstore.git" and "bprasad701/cz-onlinebookstore"

Now we can run our Pipeline job.

Conclusion:

The Jenkins Shared Libraries are a huge help when it comes to streamlining your CI/CD processes. You may reduce redundancy, improve maintainability, and promote a standardized method for developing, testing and deploying applications by centralizing common pipeline phases. Create and set up your Jenkins Shared Library by following these steps, then add reusable Groovy methods to your Jenkinsfile. Embrace the potential of shared libraries for effective and reliable pipeline management to transform your Jenkins experience. Happy Jenkins Coding!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How To Use Shared Libraries in A Jenkins Pipeline?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Learn how to use shared libraries in a Jenkins pipeline with our detailed guide. Discover the benefits of creating and maintaining code reusability.

# data[].attributes.headline
Revealing Terragrunt: Improving Workflows with Terraform

# data[].attributes.subject
Revealing Terragrunt: Improving Workflows with Terraform

# data[].attributes.body
Discover how to use Terragrunt. Learn about Terragrunt's advantages and how to simplify the deployment of cloud infrastructure.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Introduction:

One great addition to Terraform is Terragrunt, which helps with handling redundant code and managing many environments. By removing redundancy and preserving the dryness of Terraform code, Terragrunt by "gruntwork" guarantees efficiency in infrastructure code maintenance as projects grow. We examine Terragrunt's installation, unique features, and useful applications for cloud infrastructure provisioning in this investigation.

Let's begin!

What is Terragrunt?

Terragrunt is an additional wrapper that is built on top of the Terraform. Terraform is a great Infrastructure as a Code tool for managing your cloud infrastructure. But as the project size grows, we may have multiple environments (Development, Testing, Staging, Production, etc..) to manage.

If we are managing multiple environments, then we may face issues like

Redundancy of code - Multiple copies of the same code for each environment.

Manual update of code - If there are the same variables that are being used for all the environments then you have to remember and manually update each variable.

Terragrunt by " grunt work " was built to improve the shortcomings around the Terraform for effectively managing the infrastructure code so that developers can use the same code without any kind of duplication by keeping the Terraform code dry.

We write the Terragrunt configuration in the " terragrunt.hcl " file.
Commands:
terragrunt init
terragrunt plan
terragrunt apply
terragrunt output
terragrunt destroy.

Note: Terragrunt will forward almost all commands, arguments, and options directly to Terraform, but based on the settings in your terragrunt.hcl file.

Installation

Before installing Terragrunt we must complete one pre-requisite by installing Terraform because Terragrunt is just a wrapper around Terraform.

First, install the Terraform:

 #sudo yum install -y yum-utils shadow-utils #https://rpm.releases.hashicorp.com/AmazonLinux/hashicorp.repo #sudo yum -y install terraform

Manually download the Terragrunt Binary.

Goto GitHub releases pages of "gruntwork-io/terragrunt" and download the binary based on the operating system of your choice.

link: https://github.com/gruntwork-io/terragrunt/releases.

Rename the downloaded binary file to terragrunt.

 $ mv terragrunt_linux_amd64 terragrunt

Change the binary file permission to make it executable.

 $chmod u+x terragrunt

Move the binary file to /usr/local/bin

  $ sudo mv terragrunt /usr/local/bin/terragrunt

Verify the terragrunt installation

  $ terragrunt --version

Features of Terragrunt

Terragrunt helped us to

1. Keep our backend configuration DRY

2. Keep our provider configuration DRY

3. Keep our Terraform CLI arguments DRY
Keep our backend configuration DRY.
Terragrunt allows us to keep our backend configuration DRY ("Don't Repeat Yourself") by defining it once in a root location and inheriting that configuration in all child modules.

Workspaces (directory) --- terragrunt.hcl | | |____ dev | |--- ec2 - terragrunt.hcl | |--- vpc - terragrunt.hcl | | |____Prod |--- ec2 - terragrunt.hcl |--- vpc - terragrunt.hcl

Here we define our backend configuration just once in the root terragrunt.hcl file (in the Workspaces directory).

terragrunt.hcl file looks like this:

Path_relative_to_include(): is a built-in function that will automatically set the key to the relative path between the root terragrunt.hcl file and the child module.

The "generate" attribute is used to inform Terragrunt to generate the Terraform code for configuring the backend.

Finally, we updated the child module terragrunt.hcl files to tell them to include the configuration from the root terragrunt.hcl.

we add the following piece of code in every child module terragrunt.hcl file.
Keep our provider configuration DRY
In the root terragrunt.hcl file, we can define the provider configuration using the generate block:

This instructs Terragrunt to create the provider.tf file in the working directory (where Terragrunt calls Terraform) before it calls any of the Terraform commands (e.g., plan, apply, validate, etc.)

Note: Both provider. tf and backend.tf files will be created in the ".terragrunt.cache" directory.
Keep our CLI arguments DRY.
In Terraform we use "-var-file" to specify variable files for the commands plan and apply.

ex : $ terraform apply -var-file=../../common.tfvars -var-file=../region.tfvars

Having to remember these -var-file arguments every time can be tedious and error-prone.

Terragrunt allows you to keep your CLI arguments DRY by defining those arguments as code in your child module terragrunt.hcl configuration.

How to use Terragrunt for provisioning the cloud infrastructure?
Note:

Terragrunt never recommends duplication of code.

Terragrunt heavily relies on modules, so that we can keep our code dry without polluting with the duplicate code.

To use Terragrunt we need to know the modules which we are going to use in our project.

Now we are going to set up an EC2 instance on the DEV environment using Terragrunt.

Here are a few starting lines for our terrgrunt.hcl where we need to mention the reference of EC2 Module -

#terraform { source = "tfr:///terraform-aws-modules/ec2-instance/aws? version=4.0.0" }

We are referring to the remote EC2 Module with -

#Source URI - "tfr:///terraform-aws-modules/ec2-instance/aws?version=4.0.0"

Next, we need to define the configuration of the input because, for each Terragrunt implementation, we need to provide some mandatory inputs. So, for our case of EC2, we will need the following mandatory parameters - ami, Tags, instance_type

Here is my final terragrunt.hcl file in the ec2 folder.

Now we can run the following commands.

terragrunt init

terragrunt plan

terragrunt apply

terragrunt output

terragrunt destroy.

To create VPC: terragrunt.hcl

Conclusion:

Terragrunt simplifies CLI arguments, backend and provider setups, and transforms the Terraform experience. Its focus on code dryness and modularity makes it an effective tool for smoothly orchestrating cloud infrastructure. It is clear from exploring Terragrunt's capabilities that it is a major contributor to workflow optimisation for Infrastructure as Code for scalable and effective cloud installations.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Revealing Terragrunt: Improving Workflows with Terraform

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Discover how to use Terragrunt. Learn about Terragrunt's advantages and how to simplify the deployment of cloud infrastructure.

# data[].attributes.headline
Bamboo Installation with External Database

# data[].attributes.subject
Bamboo Installation with External Database

# data[].attributes.body
See our detailed guide to learn how to install and configure Bamboo with an external database. To ensure smooth CI and CD, learn how to connect the two.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Bamboo is a Continuous Integration / Continuous Deployment or Continuous Delivery server developed by Atlassian in 2007. Bamboo comes with a rich set of built-in features. Other Atlassian products such as Bitbucket, JIRA, and Confluence can be integrated with Bamboo without any pain. Not like Jenkins, Bamboo is a proprietary product and a license should be purchased for the number of worker nodes.

Bamboo System Requirements:

Systems CPU and Memory requirements depend on the number of plans and their complexity.

The below table shows the minimum CPU and Memory requirements.

Bamboo can run on both Oracle JDK 1.8 and OpenJDK 1.8. Most popular databases like MySQL, Postgres, and MSSQL can be used with Bamboo.

When using external database systems with Bamboo, not all versions of those database systems are supported by Bamboo.

You may need to find a recommended database version by Atlassian for Bamboo.

Find the version of your choice of database supported by Bamboo from .

You need to separately download the JDBC driver and put it inside the Bamboo pack.

Bamboo ships with a built-in H2 database, Atlassian only recommends an H2 database for evaluation purposes.

If you wish to use this Bamboo installation, it's always a good idea to choose an external database.

Create an RDS database with engine type PostgreSQL (version 14)

Choose a database creation method: Standard Create

Select Engine Type (ex: PostgreSQL, Version: 14. x)

Select the Template (ex: Dev/Test)

Availability and durability - Single DB instance

Under the settings section Enter a name for your DB cluster, Username, and Password.

Under the Connectivity section select the VPC, Subnet group, and Security Group.

Database Authentication - Password Authentication.

Under Additional Configuration specify the Initial Database name and keep other things as it is.

Make sure your Bamboo server sg-group has an open port for your database and vice-versa.

Bamboo Installation:

Have the t2.medium server launched and make sure that we have opened the 8085 port in the security groups and also the firewall.

Note: Both the server and database should be in the same availability zone.

Install Java 11 on the server:

#sudo amazon-linux-extras install java-openjdk11

Set the JAVA_HOME env variable:

#export JAVA_HOME="path that you found" #export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

#mkdir /home/ec2-user/bamboo #cd /home/ec2-user/bamboo #sudo wget https://www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo/downloads/binary/atlassian-bamboo-9.2.1.tar.gz #tar -xvf atlassian-bamboo-9.2.1.tar.gz

Create a home directory for Bamboo.

#mkdir /home/ec-user/bamboo-home

#/home/ec2-user/Bamboo/atlassian-bamboo-9.2.1/atlassian-bamboo/WEB-INF/classes/bamboo-init.properties

Uncomment the bamboo. home line.
Example:
#bamboo.home=/home/ec2-user/bamboo-home

#cd /home/ec2-user/Bamboo/atlassian-bamboo-9.2.1/bin #./start-bamboo.sh

Open Bamboo web interface.

http://server-ip:8085

We need a License key.

Paste in the license key column.

Configure the instance.

Provide the Bamboo instance name & check the Base URL.

Check Shared system directories.

Click on Continue.

Select Database Type. For example: select PostgreSQL database type.

Click on Continue.

Configure the database.

Provide the DB username and password.

Click on Continue.

As a first-time installation, Click on Create a New Bamboo Home.

Click on Continue.

Provide the Admin credentials such as username, password, full name, and email address.

Click on Finish.

Conclusion:

The CI/CD server from Atlassian, Bamboo, seamlessly pairs with other Atlassian products. Important factors to take into account are PostgreSQL compatibility and system requirements.

Installation entails setting up Java 11 and Bamboo in addition to RDS. Crucial actions include defining admin credentials, licencing, and database configuration.

Bamboo is a preferred option for contemporary development since it streamlines CI/CD for effective software delivery. Here are the essentials of bamboo for you.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Bamboo Installation with External Database

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
See our detailed guide to learn how to install and configure Bamboo with an external database. To ensure smooth CI and CD, learn how to connect the two.

# data[].attributes.headline
Nexus Installation and Docker Registry Setup: Pushing Images

# data[].attributes.subject
Nexus Installation and Docker Registry Setup: Pushing Images

# data[].attributes.body
Learn how to configure the Docker registry and Nexus for managing and storing images. For working image distribution and restoration, push Docker images to Nexus.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
An efficient object repository is essential in the ever-changing world of DevOps and containerization. One feature-rich solution for handling binaries, objects, and Docker images is Nexus, a powerful repository manager. To ensure a safe and effective deployment, this article walks you through the exact steps of installing Nexus on a virtual machine.

Nexus Installation:

Step 1: Launch a VM and install a Nexus on top of that
Login as a root user
#sudo su - #cd /opt #yum install tar wget -y #wget http://download.sonatype.com/nexus/3/nexus-3.15.2-01-unix.tar.gz #tar -zxvf nexus-3.15.2-01-unix.tar.gz #mv /opt/nexus-3.15.2-01 /opt/nexus

#As a good security practice, Nexus is not advised to run Nexus service as a root user, so create a new user called Nexus and grant sudo access to manage Nexus services as follows.

#useradd nexus

#Give the sudo access to Nexus user

#visudo #nexus ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL>

#Change the owner and group permissions to /opt/nexus and /opt/sonatype-work directories.

#chown -R nexus:nexus /opt/nexus #chown -R nexus:nexus /opt/sonatype-work #chmod -R 775 /opt/nexus #chmod -R 775 /opt/sonatype-work

#Open /opt/nexus/bin/nexus.rc file and uncomment run_as_user parameter and set as nexus user.

#vi /opt/nexus/bin/nexus.rc #run_as_user="nexus"

#Create Nexus as a service

#ln -s /opt/nexus/bin/nexus /etc/init.d/nexus

#Switch as a Nexus user and start the Nexus service as follows.

#su - nexus

#Enable the nexus services

#sudo systemctl enable nexus

#Start the Nexus service

#sudo systemctl start nexus

#Access the Nexus server from the Laptop/Desktop browser.

 http://IPAddess/Hostname:8081/

#Default Credentials

User Name: admin Password: admin123
Troubleshooting
Nexus service is not starting?

a)make sure to change the ownership and group to /opt/nexus and /opt/sonatype-work directories and permissions (775) for nexus users.

b) Ensure you are trying to start the Nexus service with the Nexus user.

c)check if Java is installed or not using the Java -version command.

d) check the nexus.log file available in /opt/sonatype-work/nexus3/log directory.

Are you unable to access the Nexus URL?
a)make sure port 8081 is opened in security groups in the AWS ec2 instance.

Steps to configure Nexus 3 as a Docker Registry:
Nexus Repository (docker hosted) Creation:
docker hosted:

1. Login to your Nexus repository.

2. Create docker hosted

#Login to Nexus and click on the Server Administration link at the top of the window. Click on Repositories.

#Now click on Create the repository

#Choose docker hosted repository

#Choose the value as mentioned:

Click on Create Repository.
#Configure Realm

Move the Docker Bearer Token realm to the right by clicking on >

This setting allows the docker repository to have anonymous read enabled.
#after moving save it Do these steps in the Docker server to push and pull docker images from Nexus Repo:
1. Login as root user

2. Go to

/etc/docker

#cd /etc/docker

3. Then create a file called daemon.json

#vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

4. Write these scripts in daemon.json

{ "insecure-registries": [ "13.234.21.143:8083" ] }

(Here we are allowing our docker daemon to access the Nexus Hosted Repo)

5. Save the file

6. Restart the docker service using the below command.

     systemctl restart docker

Steps to login Nexus repo and push the images:
1) Login to Nexus repo:
docker login -u admin -p password 13.234.21.143:8083
(or)
docker login 13.234.21.143:8083
2)Build an image using the below command:
docker build -t 13.234.21.143:8083/image1 .

(here while building a docker image we will use IP address with a port for the docked hosted repo instead of the username in http://hub.docker.com ).
3)Push the docker image to Nexus Repo:
Conclusion:

Starting an installation of Nexus requires several careful steps, such as starting a virtual machine and setting up a Docker registry. In line with the best standards for Nexus service and user management, the procedure guarantees the safe and effective management of objects. Assuring a smooth launch of the Nexus service requires troubleshooting techniques like verifying ownership and permissions, which are an essential component of the deployment process.

The following tutorial provides comprehensive instructions for creating and configuring Docker-hosted repositories, enabling customers to fully utilize Nexus for their containerized processes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Nexus Installation and Docker Registry Setup: Pushing Images

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Learn how to configure the Docker registry and Nexus for managing and storing images. For working image distribution and restoration, push Docker images to Nexus.

# data[].attributes.headline
SonarQube: A Simplified Guide to Code Quality Management

# data[].attributes.subject
SonarQube: A Simplified Guide to Code Quality Management

# data[].attributes.body
Find out how to set up and install SonarQube quickly and easily for effective code quality control. Understand how to spot problems with the code and implement best practices.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SonarQube: A Simplified Guide to Code Quality Management

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find out how to set up and install SonarQube quickly and easily for effective code quality control. Understand how to spot problems with the code and implement best practices.

# data[].attributes.headline
Ansible: Modifying Infrastructure with Perfect Installation

# data[].attributes.subject
Ansible: Modifying Infrastructure with Perfect Installation

# data[].attributes.body
Explore the thorough installation guide for Ansible, an open-source automation tool for task automation, application deployment, and managing configurations.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The open-source automation tool Ansible transforms task automation, application deployment, and configuration management. System administrators, developers, and IT operations teams love it for its declarative style and ease of use. This tutorial covers Ansible's architecture, overview, installation procedure, and configuring SSH agents for smooth remote machine management connections.

Ansible Overview:

Ansible is an open-source automation tool used for configuration management, application deployment, and task automation. It allows you to manage and orchestrate infrastructure, software, and services in a simple, declarative manner, making it popular among system administrators, developers, and IT operations teams.

Ansible

uses playbook to describe automation jobs, and playbook uses very simple language i.e. YAML (It's a human-readable data serialization language & is commonly used for configuration files, but could be used in many applications where data is being stored)which is very easy for humans to understand, read and write. Hence the advantage is that even the IT infrastructure support guys can read and understand the playbook and debug if needed.

What is Configuration and Configuration Management?

Configuration: In the context of IT and system administration, Every minute detail of your system/machine is called configuration.

Configuration Management: It is the process of maintaining systems, such as computer hardware and software, in a desired state. Configuration Management (CM) is also a method of ensuring that systems perform in a manner consistent with expectations over time.

Ansible Architecture

Important Points:

It is a lightweight push-based configuration management tool.

Ansible Tower is a GUI-based system that is owned by RED-HAT.

Ansible is written in Python language.

It is easy to deploy because it does not use any agents it is agentless architecture, and it uses ssh only.

It uses YAML (yet another markup language) that is based on the Key-Value pair.

Ansible is primarily designed to manage Linux-based systems. As a result, managing Windows hosts with Ansible requires some additional setup and considerations.

Ansible does not add any database. It does not require any daemons to start or keep it running.

While managing remote machines, Ansible does not leave any software installed or running on them.

Ansible was developed by Michael DeHaan, and was initially released in February 2012, RED-HAT acquired Ansible in 2015.

Installation Process:

Mainly, there are two types of machines when we talk about deployment:

Control machine: This machine from where we can manage other machines.

Remote machine: Machines that are handled/controlled by a control machine.

There can be multiple remote machines that are handled by one control machine. So, for managing remote machines we have to install Ansible on the control machine.

Control Machine Requirements

Ansible can be run from any machine with Python 2 (versions 2.6 or 2.7) or Python 3 (versions 3.5 and higher) installed.

Ansible can be installed on control machines that have the above-mentioned requirements in different ways. You can install the latest release through Apt, yum, pkg, pip, OpenCSW, Pacman, etc

Note: Windows does not support a control machine.

Here I am using Ubuntu Machine and Installation through Apt

For installing Ansible you have to configure PPA on your machine. For this, you have to run the following line of code:

$ sudo apt-get update -y $ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common -y $ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible -y $ sudo apt-get update -y $ sudo apt-get install ansible -y $ sudo ansible --version<

After running the above line of code, you are ready to manage remote machines through Ansible. Just run Ansible-version to check the version and just to check whether Ansible was installed properly or not.

Setting up the SSH agent for connection allows you to use Ansible commands

For example, I am taking two more instances on AWS, apart from the control node.

NOTE: These instances should be in the same VPC and in the same availability zone as ansible-slave/host/remote machine, to manage these hosts using Ansible.

NOTE: A trust Relationship is built with the same user, so use the same name user on the control node and the host node.

ROOT with ROOT

USER with USER

ANSIBLE_user with ANSIBLE_user

Execute these commands on all the ansible-slaves/hosts

Create a user on the slave node, I am taking my username as "ansible"

sudo adduser newusername

sudo passwd newusername

Add the user in the sudoers file

sudo visudo

Enable Password Authentication

sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

sudo service ssh reload

Ensure the security group that allows Ansible control nodes for all the hosts.

Come to the Ansible control node/Ansible Master to execute these commands

Create a user on the control node, I am taking my username as "ansible"

sudo adduser newusername

sudo passwd newusername

Add the user in the sudoers file

sudo visudo

Enable Password Authentication

sudo service ssh reload

Add host/slave Private Ips in the Inventory file

An inventory file in Ansible is a text file that contains information about the remote hosts you want to manage. By default, this file is located at "/etc/ansible/hosts", but you can specify a different location using the "-i " option when running Ansible commands.

Here's an example of a simple inventory file:

vi /etc/ansible/hosts

Note: I am creating a group "cloudzenix" to add my host Ips, you can add directly the Ips it will be considered as the default group.

Switch to ansible user with the password.

su ansible

Create an ssh key for this user

ssh-keygen

Go to this path to see the keys

cd /home/ansible/.ssh/

Copy the public key on all Ansible hosts by using the below commands

#ssh-copy-id ansible@192.168.0.177 #ssh-copy-id ansible@192.168.0.54 #ssh-copy-id ansible@127.0.0.1

Now you are ready to configure your host/remote machines using Ansible, to verify use the below command

ansible all -m ping

Conclusion:

Installing Ansible provides you with a powerful automation tool to streamline your infrastructure and application management. By following the installation methods outlined in this guide, you can quickly get Ansible up and running on your preferred platform. With Ansible's capabilities at your fingertips, you'll be able to optimize your workflows, enhance productivity, and take control of your IT environment. Happy automating!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Ansible: Modifying Infrastructure with Perfect Installation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Explore the thorough installation guide for Ansible, an open-source automation tool for task automation, application deployment, and managing configurations.

# data[].attributes.headline
Exploring DefectDojo: Guide to Security Automation

# data[].attributes.subject
Exploring DefectDojo: Guide to Security Automation

# data[].attributes.body
With this detailed overview of DefectDojo's features, learn how to effectively monitor issues, integrate DefectDojo with JIRA, and utilize its other features.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The management of application security vulnerabilities has been revolutionized by DefectDojo, a key tool in the field of security automation. DefectDojo's extensive feature set, which includes the ability to import third-party results, integrate with Jira, template, and generate analytical metrics, makes the process of application security testing easier.

With its thorough examination of DefectDojo's design, installation, and integrations, this comprehensive guide illuminates the tool's critical role in simplifying security orchestration.

What is DefectDojo?

DefectDojo is a security tool that automates application security vulnerability management. DefectDojo streamlines the application security testing process by offering features such as importing third-party security findings, merging and de-duping, integration with Jira, templating, report generation, and security metrics.

What does DefectDojo do?

While traceability and metrics are the ultimate end goal, DefectDojo is a bug tracker at its core. Taking advantage of DefectDojo's Product: Engagement model enables traceability among multiple projects and test cycles and allows for fine-grained reports.

Architecture

NGINX

The web server delivers all static content, e.g. images, JavaScript files, or CSS files.

uWSGI

is the application server that runs the DefectDojo application, written in Python/Django, to serve all dynamic content.

Message Broker

The application server sends tasks to a Message Broker for asynchronous execution. is a well-supported choice.

Celery Worker

Tasks like deduplication or the Jira synchronization are performed asynchronously in the background by the Worker.

Celery Beat

To identify and notify users about things like upcoming engagements, DefectDojo runs scheduled tasks. These tasks are scheduled and run using Celery Beat.

Initializer

The Initializer gets started during the startup of DefectDojo to initialize the database and run database migrations after upgrades of DefectDojo. It shuts itself down after all tasks are performed.

Database

The Database stores all data of DefectDojo. Currently, and PostgreSQL are supported.

Installation

DefectDojo supports various installation options.

Docker Compose - Recommended (Which is opted now)

SaaS

Kubernetes

Pre-requisite for installation:

If we want to install DefectDojo on the private instance, Must select the t2.large (2vCPU, 8GB Memory) Instance of any flavor. (ubuntu recommended)

The latest Docker and Docker-Compose must be pre-installed.

Installing containerized DefecetDojo

git clone https://github.com/DefectDojo/django-DefectDojo cd django-DefectDojo # For building ./dc-build.sh # For running ./dc-up.sh mysql-rabbitmq # obtain admin credentials. the initializer can take up to 3 minutes to run # use docker-compose logs -f initializer to track progress docker-compose logs initializer | grep "Admin password:"

After completing the installation, Navigate to <public-ip>:8080 port. You will find the dashboard

Default username: admin

password:docker-compose logs initializer | grep "Admin password:" Run this command is terminal to get password.

After logging in, Can change the password in the user profile setting. And also can create N no of users.

Integrate SonarQube with DefectDojo

Tool Configuration - Should configure the Sonarqube URL with a token to access the projects

Add SonarQube as a product type

Should create API scan configuration to establish API connection

Finally, Import the scan results from SonarQube

Integrate BlackDuck with DefectDojo

Tool Configuration - Should configure BlackDuck URL with API token to access the projects

Add BlackDuck as a product type

Should create API scan configuration to establish API connection

Finally, Import the scan results from BlackDuck.

DefectDojo also provides the results in metrics after fetching the scan results

Represents the Bug counts, severity, and risk factors.

Represents the critical products in the dashboard.

Integrate DefectDojo with Jira

DefectDojo's JIRA integration is bidirectional. You may push findings (Bugs) to JIRA as Story/Task and share comments. If an issue is closed in JIRA it will automatically be closed in Dojo.

We should create a Webhook in Jira that contains the Defectdojo URL with a secret key.

Should Configure by enabling "Jira integration" user defectdojo system setting

To authenticate with Jira, Provide the Jira URL and PAT.

Once done, Push the findings (Bugs) from DefectDojo to Jira, Which will create a new story on the bug description.

High-Level Points

DefectDojo is an open-source application vulnerability correlation and security orchestration application.

Which is developed in Python Django language.

While traceability and metrics are the ultimate end goal

Defectdojo can import 20+ tools reports and supports JIRA and Slack integration

Users can be set up with limited access roles so they can only use certain functions inside the applications or view products/projects that have been authorized for them.

You can push findings from DefectDojo into Jira. Also as a bonus, the integration is bi-directional, so if an issue is closed in Jira, it will also be closed in DefectDojo

DefectDojo offers in-depth metrics across the dashboard. Is very easy to see overview metrics across products, engagements, and individual scans

How does it work?

Working in DefectDojo starts with a Product Type.

Each Product Type can have one or more Products.

Each Product can have one or more Engagements.

Each Engagement can have one more Test.

Each Test can have one or more Findings.

Conclusion:

As a force to be reckoned with in the cybersecurity space, DefectDojo bridges the gap between efficient vulnerability management and application security testing. Because of its easy interaction with Jira, BlackDuck, and SonarQube, as well as its modular design, it is an indispensable tool for security experts.

Discover all of DefectDojo's possibilities to strengthen your cybersecurity posture and improve the efficiency of your cybersecurity processes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Exploring DefectDojo: Guide to Security Automation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
With this detailed overview of DefectDojo's features, learn how to effectively monitor issues, integrate DefectDojo with JIRA, and utilize its other features.

# data[].attributes.headline
Toolbox for Cloud Development: Essential Tools on Amazon Linux 2

# data[].attributes.subject
Toolbox for Cloud Development: Essential Tools on Amazon Linux 2

# data[].attributes.body
Discover the best ways to build up a stable development environment so that you can use AWS cloud computing to its full potential.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Toolbox for Cloud Development: Essential Tools on Amazon Linux 2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Discover the best ways to build up a stable development environment so that you can use AWS cloud computing to its full potential.

# data[].attributes.headline
Building Secure Software: A DevSecOps Adventure

# data[].attributes.subject
Building Secure Software: A DevSecOps Adventure

# data[].attributes.body
Explore the capabilities of DevSecOps by learning about technologies such as Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP), OWASP, and DefectDojo for vulnerability management.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
By integrating security throughout the whole software development lifecycle, DevSecOps-a combination of development, security, and operations-revolutionizes the field. The process of developing, packaging, and distributing apps changes dramatically in this era of automated application delivery.

Static Application Security Testing (SAST) and Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) tool integration become critical to addressing security vulnerabilities in a typical CI/CD workflow.

DevSecOps:

DevSecOps-short for development, security, and operations -automates the integration of security at every phase of the software development lifecycle.

Nowadays, Building software applications has seen a big transformation when it comes to automating the delivery applications - The process of compiling building, and packaging the applications from source code into executable binaries, will deploy these binaries into live environments to be accessed by users.

To solve the security vulnerabilities in a standard CI/CD pipeline incorporating SAST and DAST tools.

DevSecOps pipeline achieved through GitLab-CI:

GitLab-CI:

In place of "Initializer" use GitLab-CI as "continuous integration and continuous delivery CI/CD" which can help in building, packaging, and deploying applications in terms of the automation process.

The overall architecture of the GitLab CI/CD is like a "master-slave" based architecture. In practical terms, this means that the GitLab Server will act as a master, who will read and interpret the ".gitlab-ci.yml" file, which is where the pipeline will be defined.

Then, it will assign each of the jobs to a slave, which is called the GitLab Runners.

SonarQube: Source-Code Analysis

SonarQube is an open-source source-code analysis tool developed by SonarSource that performs static analysis of source code "to detect bugs, code smells, and security vulnerabilities"

Usage of this tool offers many advantages such as: using it is significantly faster than manually reviewing the code; since it does not require any live deployment of the application, it can be performed earlier in the software's life-cycle - even without a deployment-ready version of the application.

Docker:

Used containerization platform for developing, deploying, and managing applications in lightweight virtualized.

After compiling the source code, a Binary artifact will be created, using this docker images will be built for isolating applications from one another.

Further applications will be run as a container.

Clair: (Container Security)

Clair scans docker images by doing static analysis, which means it analyzes images without a need to run their docker container.

Clair is composed of 2 components:

1. Clair

REST API server CVE.

Updater which takes care of updating.

Database of vulnerabilitiesList of CVE data sources

2.PostgreSQL 9.4+

Storage of vulnerabilities database and results of analysis of uploaded docker image layers

Gitleaks: (Secrets Scanning)

Secrets Scanning is the name given to a scan run by the application's source code against a list of various regex patterns that are often associated with content that should be secret and/or not hard-wired directly in the application's source code, such as passwords, API Keys, personal information, etc.

Gitleaks is an open-source SAST tool for scanning secrets in git source-code repositories. It works by performing regex analysis based on a set of rules that can be customized in a TOML file, also tool supports JSON and CSV reporting

OWASP: (Dependency Scanning)

Dependency Scanning is the name given to a type of SAST that consists in analyzing a project's library dependencies.

And verify if any of them have known vulnerabilities associated, by checking the library and respective version against a database of publicly known vulnerabilities (CVEs).

It works by gathering information about the dependencies using Analyzers.

For example, the JarAnalyzer (part of the Dependency-Check engine) will collect information from the Manifest, pom.xml, and the package names in the JAR files, and then check them for known vulnerabilities.

Zed Attack Proxy: (DAST)

As opposed to SAST, which does not require a deployment of the application.

The OWASP Zed Attack Proxy, (ZAP) is a Web-Application Security tool also developed under the OWASP Foundation, which aims to help security professionals automatically find security vulnerabilities in web applications.

ZAP creates a proxy server and makes your website traffic pass through that server.

It comprises auto scanners that help you intercept the vulnerabilities in your website.

DefectDojo: (Vulnerability Management)

DefectDojo is an open-source vulnerability management tool, also developed as a part of the OWASP Project.

The goal of the tool is to help organizations manage their Application Security programs by providing a platform to aggregate all the information about vulnerabilities

The application natively supports integration with over 20 other security tools

Conclusion:

Within the framework of DevSecOps, a robust security practice is made possible by a well-orchestrated pipeline that is attained by GitLab-CI. SonarQube, Docker, Clair, Gitleaks, OWASP, and DefectDojo are just a few of the tools that work together to protect apps from possible attacks.

Organizations can meet the ever-changing demands of the modern tech world by implementing these solutions, which guarantee a software development process that is secure, effective, and streamlined.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Building Secure Software: A DevSecOps Adventure

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Explore the capabilities of DevSecOps by learning about technologies such as Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP), OWASP, and DefectDojo for vulnerability management.

# data[].attributes.headline
Simplifying Kubernetes Concepts: Pods, Deployments, Services, and More

# data[].attributes.subject
Simplifying Kubernetes Concepts: Pods, Deployments, Services, and More

# data[].attributes.body
Master Linux and Bash scripting to automate tasks, boost productivity, and harness Linux's full potential with our complete guide.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Boost your Productivity with Linux and Shell Scripting Tips and Tricks

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Master Linux and Bash scripting to automate tasks, boost productivity, and harness Linux's full potential with our complete guide.

# data[].attributes.headline
Simplifying Kubernetes Concepts: Pods, Deployments, Services, and More

# data[].attributes.subject
Simplifying Kubernetes Concepts: Pods, Deployments, Services, and More

# data[].attributes.body
Understand the core Kubernetes concepts - pods, deployments, services, and more. Simplify your Kubernetes skills with insights into these essential concepts.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Simplifying Kubernetes Concepts: Pods, Deployments, Services, and More

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Understand the core Kubernetes concepts - pods, deployments, services, and more. Simplify your Kubernetes skills with insights into these essential concepts.