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Swimming is an excellent way to get active, because the water can support your body as well as giving extra resistance to work against. It's especially good for keeping the muscles in your arms, shoulders, chest and back strong as well as developing stamina.

It's also a wonderful way to unwind and have fun together as a family.

Swim England has more information on disability and swimming.

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Disabled sports activities - Kids' activities - Healthier Families

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Get loads of ideas and advice for accessible ways to help all kids stay active, happy and healthy, and have fun as a family. Plus, find loads of organisations that to offer further and support.

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The brilliant thing about dancing is you don't need any special kit or even much space. There are loads of ways you can shake it to a beat:

find a live performance or music video of your favourite song and try to copy the dance routine - if it doesn't have a routine, create your own!

have a competition to see who can come up with the best new dance moves - can you make up a signature move for yourself?

if you have the space and enough people, a game of musical chairs is always a winner

Or get moving with your favourite Disney characters with one of our dancing Shake Up games:

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Free indoor activities for kids - Healthier Families

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Loads of ideas and inspiration for fun stay-at-home activities when you and the kids are stuck indoors.

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Activate with Joe | My brand new workout series for kids

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FREE Activities for children with SEND at YMCA

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FREE Activities for children with SEND at YMCA

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Enjoy a range of free, inclusive activities for children and young people with SEND, aged 0–16 at YMCA Plymouth. Sessions are led by trained, friendly staff in a safe and supportive environment, offering fun, sensory, and creative experiences for all abilities.

All sessions are led by qualified staff and hosted at/from YMCA Plymouth, Honicknowle Lane, PL5 3NG.

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Free SEND Activities @ YMCA - YMCA Plymouth

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FREE Activities for children with SEND at YMCAEnjoy a range of free, inclusive activities for children and young people with SEND, aged 0–16 at YMCA Plymouth. Sessions are led by trained, friendly staff in a safe and supportive environment, offering fun, sensory, and creative experiences for all abilities. All sessions are led by qualified staff and… Read more

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Dressing myself - general hints and tips - Children and Family Health Devon

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Preparing for Puberty in Children with Autism

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Resource Library - Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust

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Puberty and autism in girls

What is puberty?

Everybody experiences puberty as part of growing up, and it can be a difficult time for young people and their families whether they are autistic or not.

There is no fixed age for puberty to start, however it usually takes place between the age of 8 and 13 years old.

Puberty is caused by changes in hormone levels. This typically leads to the following changes:

The impact of puberty for young people with autism

Puberty is a difficult time for all children. Children with autism may find it especially difficult as they may struggle to understand the changes that are happening, regulate their emotions and communicate with others how they are feeling. They may also find it difficult to understand what is appropriate and inappropriate.

They may need extra support and patience from the people around them to understand the changes that they are going through and to help them to learn new skills. They also may need support to understand what is socially acceptable in different situations and support to stay safe.

Puberty is also often a challenging and emotional time for parents too. Some parents may find it embarrassing or difficult to know how to talk about the changes their child is going through, and may have a lot of questions about how they should support their child through puberty. There may also be difficulties that arise due to an increase in hormones which affect the child's ability to regulate their emotions and behaviour.

It may be tempting to avoid the topic and ignore the changes your child is going through, however this may lead to more problems later on. As difficult as it might be, it is best to acknowledge the changes your child will go through so that you can plan how you will support them.

Your child will go through puberty. Puberty is inevitable, so assume that your child will show changes relating to their gender and sexuality.

Start thinking about puberty and how you will manage the changes as early as you can.

We all have different beliefs and expectation about puberty. Think about what your family's beliefs and expectations are. Does this fit with your child's needs and abilities?

Take a matter of fact approach (be neutral). Your child may not pick up on social cues or learn from peers about appropriate behaviour. Therefore you and other adults will be their source of information.

Establish rules around hygiene as early as possible.

Introduce the concept of public and private (spaces, body parts, behaviour).

Strategies

Communication

Use the correct words and phrase. Don't use pet names or slang. Be consistent, brief and simple and repeat the information often. You should link with other environments, such as school, to ensure you are using the same words, phrases and boundaries.

Be clear and concrete with your communication. Don't expect your child to pick up on euphemisms or indirect language. You could also use visual communication (signs, symbols, photographs) where appropriate.

Private

This can be described as being alone in a place where no one else can see or interrupt your child (for example their bedroom, a toilet at home, the shower or bath). You need to help the young person understand parts of the body that are ok to touch in private, and actions that are ok to do in private (for example touch self, masturbate, toilet, wash).

Public

This is a place where anyone can go and where other people will be around (for example, a shop, a classroom). You need to help the young person understand parts of the body ok to touch in public, and actions that are ok to do in public (for example, eating, talking to friends and so on).

Set rules and boundaries

You should think about what rules you want to have in the home. For example, knocking on bedroom doors before entering, always wearing clothes in front of others, undressing in the bedroom, masturbation in the bedroom only, using the toilet with the door shut and so on. Be clear and consistent with these rules.

Think about your child's personal care routine and whether you can develop any daily routines and rules about hygiene and personal care.

It is helpful of you model the rules and boundaries (for example, go to the toilet with the door shut and so on).

Further resources

When young people with Intellectual Disabilities and Autism hit puberty. A parents Q&A guide to health, sexuality and relationships. By Freddy Jackson Brown and Sarah Brown.

Girls growing up on the Autism Spectrum: What parents and professionals should know about the pre-teen and teenage years. By Shana Nichols with Gina Marie Moravick and Samara Pulver Tetenbaum.

What's happening to Ellie? A book about puberty for girls and young women with Autism and related conditions. By Kate E. Reynolds.

Things Ellie likes: A book about sexuality and masturbation for girls and young people with Autism and related conditions. By Kate E. Reynolds.

The autism-friendly guide to periods by Robyn Steward.

Taking care of myself: a healthy hygiene, puberty and personal curriculum for young people with autism by Mary Wrobel.

Is something missing from this resource that you think should be included? Please let us know

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Disclaimer

Please note: this is a generic information sheet relating to care at Sheffield Children's NHS FT. These details may not reflect treatment at other hospitals. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professionals' instructions. If this resource relates to medicines, please read it alongside the medicine manufacturer's patient information leaflet. If this information has been translated into another language from English, efforts have been made to maintain accuracy, but there may still be some translation errors. If you are unsure about any of the guidance in this resource or have specific questions about how it relates to your child, always ask your healthcare professional for further advice.

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Puberty and autism in girls - Resource Library - Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust

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What is puberty? Everybody experiences puberty as part of growing up, and it can be a difficult time for young people and their families whether they are autistic or not. There is no fixed age for puberty to start, however it usually takes place between the age of 8 and 13 years old.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
Resource Library - Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What is puberty?

Everybody experiences puberty as part of growing up, and it can be a difficult time for young people and their families whether they have autism or not.

There is no fixed age for puberty to start, however it usually takes place between the age of 8 and 13 years old.

Puberty is caused by changes in hormone levels. This typically leads to the following changes:

Bodily growth

Your child's body will increase in height and weight, bones will thicken and muscles will develop. Their penis and testicles will also grow, which is often one of the first signs of puberty.

Pubic and body hair

Hair will grow and thicken around their penis, armpits, face and other parts of the body such as legs.

Body odour

Changes in your child's hormones will make them sweat more which means that they may smell more and need to wash more often.

Voice changes

Your child's voice is likely to get deeper, which often takes several months to happen. While this is happening their voice may go up and down and sometimes sound squeaky. This will settle down eventually.

Acne

Changes in your child's hormones may affect their skin which may lead to acne or an increase in spots.

Erections

Erections become more common during puberty and can happen at any time. This can be embarrassing for boys and the people around them, however this is a normal part of puberty and they happen for a number of reasons which are not always due to arousal.

Masturbation

Masturbation is when people touch their genitals for pleasure. It is a healthy and normal part of development and does not cause emotional or physical harm if they are in the right place.

Sexual development

Your child may become more aware of the differences between men and women, and how they feel about other people.

Social and emotional development

Changes in your child's hormones may impact on their emotions and their ability to emotionally regulate. Puberty can be a confusing time for young people, and is often a time when young people explore their identity and how they fit into social groups.

The impact of puberty for young people with autism

Puberty is a difficult time for all children. Children with autism may find it especially difficult as they may struggle to understand the changes that are happening, regulate their emotions and communicate with others how they are feeling. They may also find it difficult to understand what is appropriate and inappropriate.

They may need extra support and patience from the people around them to understand the changes that they are going through and to help them to learn new skills. They also may need support to understand what is socially acceptable in different situations and support to stay safe.

Puberty is also often a challenging and emotional time for parents and carers too. Some parents and carers may find it embarrassing or difficult to know how to talk about the changes their child is going through, and may have a lot of questions about how they should support their child through puberty. There may also be difficulties that arise due to an increase in hormones which affect the child's ability to regulate their emotions and behaviour.

It may be tempting to avoid the topic and ignore the changes your child is going through, however this may lead to more problems later on. As difficult as it might be, it is best to acknowledge the changes your child will go through so that you can plan how you will support them.

Key messages for parents and carers

Your child will go through puberty. Puberty is inevitable, so assume that your child will show changes relating to their gender and sexuality.

Start thinking about puberty and how you will manage the changes as early as you can.

We all have different beliefs and expectation about puberty. Think about what your family's beliefs and expectations are. Does this fit with your child's needs and abilities?

Take a matter of fact approach (be neutral). Your child may not pick up on social cues or learn from peers about appropriate behaviour. Therefore you and other adults will be their source of information.

Establish rules around hygiene as early as possible.

Introduce the concept of public and private (spaces, body parts, behaviour).

Strategies

Communication

Use the correct words and phrases. Do not use pet names or slang. Be consistent, brief and use simple language. Repeat the information often and be patient with them. You should make sure other environments such as school are also using the same words, phrases and boundaries.

Be clear and concrete with your communication. Do not expect your child to pick up on euphemisms or indirect language. You could also use visual communication such as signs, symbols, and photographs where appropriate.

The private and public concept

Understanding these concepts helps to support your child to behave in socially appropriate ways. These are abstract concepts so you will need to help your child to understand them. Public and private relates to actions, parts of the body as well as space. You can make these concepts real by using rules, boundaries, and modelling appropriate behaviour and language.

Private

Private can be described as being alone in a place where no one else can see or interrupt your child such as their bedroom, a toilet at home, the shower or bath. You need to help your child to understand parts of the body that are okay to touch in private, and actions that are okay to do in private, such as touching selves, masturbating, going to the toilet, washing and so on.

Public

Public is a place where anyone can go and where other people will be around such as a shop or a classroom. You need to help your child understand parts of the body okay to touch in public, and actions that are okay to do in public such as eating, talking to friends and so on.

Setting rules and boundaries

You should think about what rules you want to have in the home. For example, knocking on bedroom doors before entering, always wearing clothes in front of others, undressing in the bedroom, masturbation in the bedroom only, using the toilet with the door shut, and so on. Be clear and consistent with these rules.

Think about your child's personal care routine and whether you can develop any daily routines and rules about hygiene and personal care.

It is helpful of you model the rules and boundaries, such as going to the toilet with the door shut, and so on.

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Puberty and autism in boys - Resource Library - Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust

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What is puberty? Everybody experiences puberty as part of growing up, and it can be a difficult time for young people and their families whether they have autism or not. There is no fixed age for puberty to start, however it usually takes place between the age of 8 and 13 years old.

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What's Happening to Tom?: A book about puberty for boys and young men with autism and related conditions: 1 (Sexuality and Safety with Tom and Ellie)

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Buy What's Happening to Tom?: A book about puberty for boys and young men with autism and related conditions: 1 (Sexuality and Safety with Tom and Ellie) Illustrated by Kate E. Reynolds (ISBN: 9781849055239) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders.

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Things Tom Likes: A book about sexuality and masturbation for boys and young men with autism and related conditions: 2 (Sexuality and Safety with Tom and Ellie)

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Things Tom Likes: A book about sexuality and masturbation for boys and young men with autism and related conditions: 2 (Sexuality and Safety with Tom and Ellie) : Kate E. Reynolds: Amazon.co.uk: Books

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What’s Happening to Ellie? : Kate E. Reynolds: Amazon.co.uk: Books

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The Growing Up Book for Boys: What Boys on the Autism Spectrum Need to Know!

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Girls Growing Up on the Autism Spectrum: What Parents and Professionals Should Know About the Pre-Teen and Teenage Years

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Taking Care of Myself: A Healthy Hygiene, Puberty and Personal Curriculum for Young People with Autism

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Advice for parents and carers on how to talk to your children about relationships, sex and consent.

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For parents and carers of children and young people with autism or a learning disability

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This is a worksheet to accompany the Understanding yourself guide. Make sure you watch the videos and read the guide first before attempting to complete the worksheet. It will help you consider ideas and situations when completing the worksheet. What can you do to plan ahead to support yourself in situations that make you uncomfortable?

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We know how important it is to hear directly from others just like you when learning about yourself; that’s why all resources from our Know Yourself series are written and led by autistic people. Firstly, if you haven’t already seen our video on understanding yourself from our autistic young ambassadors, then it’s the best place to start.

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The Know Yourself series offers free resources (videos, PDFs, worksheets) to support autistic teenagers in understanding what being autistic means to them.

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The Know Yourself series offers free resources (videos, PDFs, worksheets) to support autistic teenagers in understanding what being autistic means to them.

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Navigating relationships as an autistic young person can be challenging and for some, this can have a negative impact on mental health and wellbeing. It is important for autistic young people to have their social needs met and to be able access information about intimacy and sex education.

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Resources created by autistic young people about relationships, intimacy, and sex education.

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How to help kids on the spectrum navigate big changes

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Autism and Puberty - Child Mind Institute

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How to help kids on the autism spectrum navigate big changes in their bodies, and their social universes, that come with puberty.

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It can be difficult to talk to your child about sex and sexuality, particularly if they are autistic. It may take your child a little longer to process or pick up on certain concepts. They may struggle with understanding 'appropriate' behaviour when it comes to sex and relationships.
To help you with this, we've put together some ideas for talking to your child about puberty, sex, sexuality and relationships, as well as links to some useful resources.

When to talk to your child about puberty, sex, sexuality and relationships

School classes address puberty, sex, sexuality and relationships at an age-appropriate level. Find out what your child's school will be teaching, and when. By working with the school, you will help to ensure consistency between school and home explanations.

You might decide that these lessons are paced inappropriately for your child. Perhaps they progress too fast and assume too much prior knowledge, or don't start at an early enough age. Autistic children often need a longer period of time to adjust to and understand any changes in their lives.

Your child may do things that will be considered inappropriate as an adolescent or adult, eg removing their clothes at unexpected moments. It may be easier to address these behaviours before puberty begins.

Talking about puberty

How to talk to your child about puberty

Answer honestly any questions your child has about puberty and their body. This will help your child to learn that puberty is not something to be embarrassed about and that they can trust you to give them the right information. If you are unsure of the right answer, it is better to say that you are unsure. Your child may be confused if your answer is not clear.

Your child might ask a question at an inappropriate moment. You could develop a standard response, which everyone in the family can use, such as 'That's a good question. Let's talk about it once we get home'. Remember to deal with the question when you get home or your child may be reluctant to ask you questions again.

Your GP or practice nurse may be able to help, especially if your child will only be satisfied with an accurate, full and scientific answer. Involving the GP or practice nurse may help your child to feel comfortable talking to them about their bodies in the future, eg about sexual health or contraception.

Language

Be careful how you use language. Saying that your son's voice is "breaking" may be very worrying for an autistic child, who may take it literally. Instead you could say that your voice is changing and likely to become deeper. You could then refer to their father's/uncle's/older brother's voices and explain that men's voices are usually deeper than women's.

You may want to explain that there are different names for private body parts, and that the words you are using might be different to words your child might hear in the playground. You could explain that they should not feel they need to join in with playground conversations about private body parts if they don't want to.

Private/public

While you are talking to your children about puberty and sex, you may also need to provide some guidelines about the difference between public and private.

These may include:

who they can talk to about any concerns they have, eg mum, dad, the GP and school nurse

which rooms are private and which are public

that they should only undress or masturbate in a private room (eg their bedroom)

that people should always knock on a bedroom door before entering (you will need to make sure that everyone who visits your home is aware of this rule).

Explaining physical development

You could use visual supports to explain the basics of development, such as:

photos - you could show your child photos of themselves as a baby and toddler, and of yourself or other family members at different ages, to help your child to understand about when puberty happens in a person's life

a body outline, labelling all of the body parts, and highlighting how each part will change, and talking about what fluids come from each part - sweat, tears, urine, semen, menstrual blood, vaginal discharge.

Encourage your children to feel positive about these changes by talking about some of the advantages of being an adolescent and adult, eg you can make your own decisions about how to have your hair cut, you can vote - whatever will appeal to your child.

Menstruation (periods)

You daughter may need reassurance that menstruation is a normal biological process, and that she will not bleed to death. Tell your daughter who to go to at school if she gets her period while there. Your daughter could carry a small notebook around with her with information or reassurance for those moments when you will not be there. This will also encourage independence and could be used in various ways throughout her life.

Show your daughter how to use sanitary products, pointing out any particular features which might help her to remember how to use them correctly. Put sanitary products in a particular drawer in your daughter's bedroom, or in the bathroom, so she can be reassured that they will always be there when she needs them.

You could use a calendar to help your daughter to understand when her period is due. This may help her to feel less anxious. Alternatively, a period tracking app for her tablet or smartphone may be more subtle and could promote independence.

Masturbation

Be prepared to talk about masturbation with your child so that they do not develop any anxieties about what they are doing. Reassure them that masturbation is a normal activity.

It is important that your child knows know how to clean themselves, if necessary, after masturbation. You could perhaps supply tissues/wet wipes or an appropriate towel. You may want your child to tell you if bedclothes need changing. If your child would find this difficult, you could introduce a symbol or hand signal that they could use to let you know. You could also choose a specific day each week for bedclothes and sheets washing.

Body image

You may need to be careful that your child does not develop an unrealistic view of what their body or other people's bodies should look like. Some children and teenagers may look at the images in the media and social media and believe that their body will look like those, or they may think that their body will look just like the bodies in the visual materials you have used. Stress that all bodies are a bit different and that's ok.

Personal hygiene

Address personal hygiene issues as your child approaches puberty. Prepare your child for the need to wash more often, for shaving and for using deodorants. You will need to explain how to do these things, as well as the social rules determining why we do them. A social storyTM might be useful here.

If your child already has an established routine or tick list for their morning schedule, washing themselves, changing their clothes or their bed sheets, you could perhaps adjust it to include the use of deodorants, showering every day, shaving every other day and so on.

Relationships and sex

Relationships

Your child might need help to understand social interaction in order to sustain a relationship. You may need to discuss why some people get married or choose to live permanently with one person. You could explain these things by discussing your relationship with your partner or those of other family members.

This could be supported visually by drawing stick figures, or using photographs, of each significant person in this individual's life, including themselves, their family members, support workers, teachers and doctors, if appropriate. You may want to use a different piece of paper for each person. The pictures should be placed in the middle of the paper and connections should be made to a variety of drawings, words or photographs that surround this person. These other pictures or words should symbolise this person's role for the individual concerned and perhaps other members of the family.

You could change the person in the centre from the autistic person to mum, dad or a sibling, as this may help your child to understand how other people view the relationships in the family. You may want to discuss another family that is different from your own - perhaps one headed by a single parent or vice versa, a family with two same sex partners or vice versa etc.

Sensory differences

Because of your child's sensory differences, they may be worried about the idea of hugging or kissing in future relationships. Reinforce that when it comes to relationships, they should only do what they are comfortable with.

Sexual health

You will need to discuss smear tests, contraception, and sexually transmitted infections. You may want to use a social storyTM to explain visits to the doctor or nurse.

Staying safe and appropriate behaviour

Staying safe

You could use a social storyTM to describe a situation where another person may act inappropriately towards the autistic person, and where they can tell someone about it, eg a parent or teacher.

Your child needs to know how to stay safe online. The NSPCC provides advice and tools about this, which you can read in our 'More information' section below.

'Inappropriate' behaviour

It is often non-autistic individuals who have decided this behaviour is inappropriate. Autism may affect a person's ability to understand what is considered to be socially appropriate behaviour and to imagine what other people might feel or be about to do. A behaviour might have a very significant and specific meaning for them which isn't 'just being rude' or sexually motivated.

For example, if an autistic person touches or brushes against a particular woman's breasts every time they meet, this could be because:

this is a routine action they have developed to work out what mood that person is in today, finding it difficult to glean this from a person's facial expressions and body language

they like the reaction they get - the shock on the person's face, or the verbal response which follows

they got sensory stimulation the first time they brushed against the woman's body, and want to repeat this

they may be curious about what that part of a person's body feels like and are acting on an impulse.

If an autistic person kisses someone unexpectedly, this could be because:

they have seen two people kissing on the television and think the other person will react the way the person they saw being kissed did

they think the other person wants to kiss, because they themselves want to kiss.

It can be hard to break the cycle of inappropriate behaviour. Here are some strategies you could try.

Behaviour diaries

Completing a behaviour diary, which records what is occurring before, during and after the behaviour, could help you to understand the purpose of the behaviour. A diary may be completed over a couple of weeks or longer if needed. This may be difficult to do if the behaviour is particularly unpleasant for the individual or those around them but it is an important stage in understanding and trying to solve the behaviour. Please note that while it is understandable that the immediate reaction to a person's behaviours could be negative and comprise feelings of shock or alarm, a calm reaction and level tone should be maintained if at all possible.

Social storiesTM and comic strip conversations

Using a social storyTM or comic strip conversation could help you to discover how the person viewed the situation and to describe what they should have done in that situation, eg "we greet people by shaking their hand".

"It's alright"

Draw a table with a list of people and activities such as holding hands and kissing on the mouth. Ask whether the different activities are alright or not with different sets of people for example family members, strangers, teachers and pupils. A tick/cross or yes/no can be placed in each box depending on what the person thinks, or what you tell them.

More information

Your next steps

Find out more about what help and support is available.

Contact the NSPCC 24-hour helpline if you are concerned about a child's safety.
Phone: 0808 800 5000
Email: help@nspcc.org.uk

Visit the Respond  website, which provides advice on issues of sexual abuse, sexual offending and learning disabilities.

The words 'Social Story' and 'Social Stories' are trademarks originated and owned by  Carol Gray. All rights reserved.

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A guide for parents and carers on talking to their autistic child about sex and sexuality.

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Buy The Autism-Friendly Guide to Periods Illustrated by Robyn Steward (ISBN: 9781785923241) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders.

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Have a look at this great resource our physiotherapy colleagues have created for ideas and advice on all things gross motor

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Toddler & Big Kid Experts on Instagram: "It’s like learning to tie shoes… except messier 😂💩🤸‍♂️

Btw, if you’ve been putting off potty training, let’s rip the bandaid off and ditch diapers together this weekend!!! The 3-day-weekend is the PERFECT time to potty train.

All you need is 3 fully dedicated days + our course, which will walk you through EVERYTHING to do/say, step-by-step 👏👏👏 and it’s on mega sale right now for just $25!!!

Just drop a YES in the comments and we’ll send the course that’s potty trained *hundreds of thousands* of kids right to yuh. 

The how-to part of the course is only 1.5 hours long - aka 2 real housewives episodes 😝- so you totally have time to watch, prepare, and go in fully confident.

There’s also a full troubleshooting guide in there, which walks you through EVERYTHING tough sitch you can imagine that might pop up - public restrooms, underwear, 💩 challenges, daycare, pushback/resistance, strong-willed and shy kids… everything.

Your diaper days are almost over!!!"

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6,408 likes, 201 comments - biglittlefeelings on January 12, 2026: "It’s like learning to tie shoes… except messier 😂💩🤸‍♂️

Btw, if you’ve been putting off potty training, let’s rip the bandaid off and ditch diapers together this weekend!!! The 3-day-weekend is the PERFECT time to potty train.

All you need is 3 fully dedicated days + our course, which will walk you through EVERYTHING to do/say, step-by-step 👏👏👏 and it’s on mega sale right now for just $25!!!

Just drop a YES in the comments and we’ll send the course that’s potty trained *hundreds of thousands* of kids right to yuh. 

The how-to part of the course is only 1.5 hours long - aka 2 real housewives episodes 😝- so you totally have time to watch, prepare, and go in fully confident.

There’s also a full troubleshooting guide in there, which walks you through EVERYTHING tough sitch you can imagine that might pop up - public restrooms, underwear, 💩 challenges, daycare, pushback/resistance, strong-willed and shy kids… everything.

Your diaper days are almost over!!!". 

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Supporting Children with Change: Using a Change Board

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Supporting Children with Change: Using a Change Board

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🧩 Supporting Children with Routine Change

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Help Duggee to brush his teeth and earn your Tooth Brushing Badge.

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Dr Ranj has a song about how important it is to wash your hands.

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Have fun dressing up Duggee and find your favourite outfit in this simple and funky game

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Have fun dressing up Duggee and find your favourite outfit in this simple and funky game.

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In the morning with so much to do, and not always enough time to do it, things can feel busy, to say the least! Establishing a morning routine can help you and your family stay on track with everything you need to do. Whether you're getting everyone ready for the nursery drop-off before work, or catching a train to an event or to visit family, a routine can make things feel more manageable. Help your little one learn daily habits and create a routine with their favourite CBeebies friends.

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If there's big change coming up, like your little one is starting school or going back to school after the summer, a change in routine can be a challenge. Use our morning plan and get inspiration from CBeebies favourites to help build new habits and ensure your family are ready to head out the door.
What is a routine? A routine means doing the things we need to do every day at the right time. When your child starts school, they might have a new routine to make sure they get to school on time.
In our guide, we highlight six main tasks for your child to get comfortable with to build healthy morning habits. They include waking up, brushing teeth, eating breakfast, using the toilet and washing hands, getting dressed, and packing a bag before heading out the door. Your morning routine might look different, but it should include most of these tasks if possible. To help your child develop these habits, we've built a guide with the help of some favourite CBeebies characters.

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In the morning with so much to do, and not always enough time to do it, things can feel busy, to say the least! Establishing a morning routine can help you and your family stay on track with everything you need to do.

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How to make safe and healthy journeys when travelling with children

A child's safety will always be a top priority for any parent or carer. Keeping children safe near roads is vital because road traffic injuries are the biggest cause of death among young people worldwide, and six children are killed or seriously injured on roads every day in the UK. At Brake we believe that every child has the right to make safe and healthy journeys where they live, without fear of danger from traffic.

Every day

are killed or seriously injured on roads in the UK

As children get older, they use roads in different ways. These pages give simple advice on keeping children safe near roads, from birth to when they become independent road users.

Whether you are travelling on foot, by car, by bike, or with a buggy or pushchair, it's vital to keep children as safe as possible near roads. Follow the links below to find out how.

You'll also find top tips for how to follow road safety rules when on a trip or a holiday and how to ensure your child travels safely on trips organised by their school or nursery.

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Brake's top tips for keeping children safe near roads

Children under 8 should always hold a grown up's hand when walking near roads

Children under 8 should always cross roads with a grown up, at a safe crossing place

Until they are 150cm tall, all children should sit in a correctly sized and fitted child seat when travelling by car

Children under 10 should not cycle on roads, they should keep to cycle paths away from motorised traffic

Children should always wear a helmet when cycling to protect their head if they fall off

References and further reading Down arrow icon to open accordion

This website uses cookies: Learn more Okay, thank you

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How to make safe and healthy journeys when travelling with children A child's safety will always be a top priority for any parent or carer. Keeping children safe near roads is vital because road traffic injuries are the biggest cause of death among young people worldwide, and six children are killed or seriously injured on roads every day in the UK.

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Keeping children safe while out and about

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Keeping children safe while out and about

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that begins in childhood and encompasses symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms interfere with functioning at school, at work, and in social situations. ADHD is present in approximately 5% of children, and it is more common in boys. For a majority of people the disorder continues into adulthood, though careful managing can greatly improve quality of life for people with ADHD.

An estimated 25 to 50% of people with ADHD experience sleep problems, ranging from insomnia to secondary sleep conditions. Doctors are starting to realize the importance of treating sleep problems and the impact this can have on both ADHD symptoms and quality of life for ADHD patients and their families.

What's the Connection Between ADHD and Sleep?

Beginning around puberty, people with ADHD are more likely to experience shorter sleep time, problems falling asleep and staying asleep, and a higher risk of developing a sleep disorder. Nightmares are also common in children with ADHD, especially those with insomnia. Sleep problems in ADHD tend to increase with age, though sleep problems in early childhood are a risk factor for future occurrence of ADHD symptoms.

Even those who are rarely hyperactive during the day may experience racing thoughts and a burst of energy at night that interfere with sleeping. For some, nighttime presents the perfect opportunity to "hyperfocus" on a project, as there are less distractions. Unfortunately, this makes it difficult to settle down for sleep and it can lead to a disrupted sleep-wake schedule. Over time, insomnia may worsen as people start to develop feelings of stress related to bedtime.

Many people with ADHD experience daytime sleepiness and difficulty waking up as a result of poor sleep. Others experience restless, non-refreshing sleep with multiple nighttime awakenings.

Sleep problems in ADHD appear to differ depending on the type of ADHD. Individuals with predominantly inattentive symptoms are more likely to have a later bedtime, while those predominantly hyperactive-impulsive symptoms are more likely to suffer from insomnia. Those with combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive ADHD experience both poor sleep quality and a later bedtime.

Many ADHD symptoms are similar to symptoms of sleep deprivation. Among others, adult ADHD sleep problems include forgetfulness and difficulty concentrating. In children, fatigue may present as being hyperactive and impulsive. Sometimes it can be difficult to tell whether these issues are brought on by ADHD or by a lack of sleep. This may lead to misdiagnoses or may allow sleep disorders to go undetected. Experts therefore recommend screening patients for sleep problems before prescribing medication for ADHD.

What's the Biology Behind the ADHD-Sleep Connection?

ADHD sleep problems may be a side effect of impaired arousal, alertness, and regulation circuits in the brain. Other researchers believe that ADHD sleep problems can be traced to a delayed circadian rhythm with a later onset of melatonin production. Despite similarities between certain sleep disorders and ADHD symptoms, research has failed to find consistent sleep abnormalities in people with ADHD.

Some individuals find it easier to sleep with the calming effects of stimulant medications that are commonly prescribed for ADHD. However, for many people, stimulant medications cause a number of sleep problems in their own right. Co-existing disorders such as anxiety, depression, or substance abuse, as well as poor sleep hygiene, likely also play a role in sleep difficulties.

How Do ADHD Sleep Problems Affect Daily Life??

Though there is little research on the subject of ADHD with accompanying sleep disorders, children and adults with ADHD plus a sleep disorder often report more severe ADHD symptoms and a lower quality of life. They may also be more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety, hyperactivity, inattention, difficulty processing information, and a higher BMI. Over the long term, chronic sleep deprivation leaves people vulnerable to physical health problems.

Daytime sleepiness can have serious effects on school and work. People may judge a person with ADHD for sleeping at inappropriate times, without realizing that it is part of their condition and very difficult to avoid. Sudden bouts of sleepiness may also be dangerous while driving or performing other activities that require concentration.

Not sleeping well at night can also cause daytime fatigue. Individuals with ADHD-related sleep deprivation may feel grumpy, irritable, restless, or tired, or they may have trouble paying attention at school or at work. Sometimes, these symptoms may be mistaken for a mood disorder. In turn, anxiety and behavioral difficulties have been linked to a higher incidence of sleep problems for children with ADHD.

These problems also take their toll on families and caregivers of people with ADHD. Preliminary research shows that primary caregivers of children with ADHD as well as sleep problems are more likely to be depressed, anxious, stressed, and late to work.

What Sleep Disorders Commonly Occur in People With ADHD?

In addition to generalized insomnia, people with ADHD have higher-than-normal rates of certain sleep disorders. Because ADHD symptoms often resemble the symptoms of these sleep disorders, underlying sleep disorders may go undiagnosed. Children in particular may have difficulty conveying what they are feeling, leading to a misdiagnosis of ADHD when in fact their problems stem from a sleep disorder. Or, they may have ADHD plus a sleep disorder.

Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder: Most individuals with ADHD, particularly adolescents, are more alert in the evening. This atypical schedule can make it difficult to honor work or school commitments. A smaller pineal gland, irregularities in clock genes, and later melatonin release may be responsible for circadian rhythm sleep disorders in people with ADHD. Taking melatonin supplements at targeted times or using bright light therapy may help adjust your schedule.

Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), including snoring and sleep apnea, affects up to one-third of patients with ADHD. SDB leads to disturbed sleep and daytime sleepiness, and often causes symptoms typical of ADHD. The encouraging news is that treating SDB may reduce the need for stimulants in children believed to have ADHD. Studies suggest that removing the tonsils may help with ADHD and sleep apnea symptoms in children, while CPAP devices are a better choice for adults.

Restless Legs Syndrome: People with restless legs syndrome (RLS) are plagued by tingling sensations in the legs that make it hard to fall asleep. RLS or other types of periodic limb movement disorders may occur in almost 50% of people with ADHD. Children with both ADHD and RLS appear to spend longer in stage one light sleep, which is not as restorative. Researchers believe RLS is caused by iron and dopamine deficiencies, which are also implicated in ADHD. RLS may be treated with iron supplements or dopaminergic agents.

Narcolepsy: Individuals with narcolepsy tend to fall asleep suddenly during the day and may have difficulty sleeping soundly at night. Adults with narcolepsy are twice as likely to have had ADHD as a child. While the link between the two isn't clear, researchers believe that the sleepiness brought on by narcolepsy might provoke ADHD symptoms. It's also possible that both disorders might stem from a similar cause, such as a faulty gene or a problem with neurotransmitters. Narcolepsy is usually treated with medication.

Treating underlying sleep disorders is an important step toward improving sleep for people with ADHD. Ask your doctor for a sleep study to rule out any secondary sleep disorders that may need to be treated along with your ADHD. A good doctor should monitor potential sleep problems on an ongoing basis, as these tend to develop over time.

Sleep Tips for Children and Adults With ADHD and Sleep Problems

Experts are cautiously optimistic that sleep interventions may be key to improving not only sleep, but also ADHD symptoms and the effects of ADHD medication. Indeed, preliminary studies have found that behavioral sleep interventions improve sleep, ADHD symptoms, quality of life, daily functioning, behavior, and working memory.

For children, adolescents, and adults with ADHD, a consistent bedtime routine and healthy sleep hygiene practices can help reinforce the connection between bed and sleep. Try making gradual changes and note where you see improvements to develop a system that works for you. Some tips include:

Cut out sugar, caffeine, and alcohol within a few hours of bedtime

Avoid screen time for an hour before bed

Avoid doing stimulating activities and projects that require hyperfocusing in the evening

Make the bed a stress-free zone reserved for sleep and sex

Get enough exercise and sunlight during the day

Develop a bedtime routine that you enjoy, such as rereading a favorite book, spending time with pets, or taking a warm bath

Keep the bedroom dark, cool, and quiet, using a white noise machine if necessary to block out intrusive noises

Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day, choosing a time that is realistic and age-appropriate to get the recommended sleep for your age group

Use a weighted ball blanket

People with ADHD also frequently have trouble waking up in the morning. For help getting out of bed, try using light therapy or plan something enjoyable for when you get out of bed, such as exercise or a nice breakfast

The Children and Adults with ADHD organization recommends using a rewards-based system for sleep problems in young children with ADHD. It may also help to offer reassurance by checking frequently on your child. For people of any age with ADHD, talking with a trusted confidant, keeping a worry journal, or using relaxation techniques such as guided imagery may help make bedtime less stressful.

Sleep medication may not be appropriate for people with ADHD, but you can talk to your doctor about adding supplements or tweaking your medication schedule to optimize it for sleep. Some people with ADHD find it helps alertness to take their medication about an hour before waking up. Adolescents and adults with sleep problems may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I).

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ADHD and Sleep Problems: How Are They Related? | Sleep Foundation

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that begins in childhood and encompasses symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms interfere with functioning at school, at work, and in social situations. ADHD is present in approximately 5% of children, and it is more common in boys.

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A Stanford-led study found that mindfulness training can significantly improve children's sleep. Researchers followed 115 third- and fifth-graders in two Northern California schools over two years.

Half the students took part in a twice-weekly health and mindfulness curriculum that included breathing, body awareness, and gentle yoga-based movement.

By the end of the program, these children were sleeping an average of 74 minutes longer each night and gained about 24 extra minutes of REM sleep, the stage essential for learning and emotional health. In contrast, the control group lost sleep over the same period.

Importantly, the program never taught sleep hygiene directly, the improvements likely came from lowering stress arousal through mindfulness and movement practices.

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Brain Health | Neuroplasticity | Neurobiology on Instagram: "Follow @goodneuroscience to optimize your brain health.  A Stanford-led study found that mindfulness training can significantly improve children’s sleep. Researchers followed 115 third- and fifth-graders in two Northern California schools over two years. 

Half the students took part in a twice-weekly health and mindfulness curriculum that included breathing, body awareness, and gentle yoga-based movement.

By the end of the program, these children were sleeping an average of 74 minutes longer each night and gained about 24 extra minutes of REM sleep, the stage essential for learning and emotional health. In contrast, the control group lost sleep over the same period. Importantly, the program never taught sleep hygiene directly, the improvements likely came from lowering stress arousal through mindfulness and movement practices.

This research highlights how simple, consistent mindfulness practices can support children’s rest, mood, and ability to learn.

Source: A school-based health and mindfulness curriculum improves children’s objectively measured sleep: a prospective observational cohort study https://jcsm.aasm.org/doi/10.5664/jcsm.9508  Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional before making any changes to your health or wellness routine.

Follow @goodneuroscience to optimize your brain health.

#neuroscience #brainhealth #neurobiology #mindfulnessforkids"

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1,555 likes, 18 comments - goodneuroscience on October 15, 2025: "Follow @goodneuroscience to optimize your brain health.  A Stanford-led study found that mindfulness training can significantly improve children’s sleep. Researchers followed 115 third- and fifth-graders in two Northern California schools over two years. 

Half the students took part in a twice-weekly health and mindfulness curriculum that included breathing, body awareness, and gentle yoga-based movement.

By the end of the program, these children were sleeping an average of 74 minutes longer each night and gained about 24 extra minutes of REM sleep, the stage essential for learning and emotional health. In contrast, the control group lost sleep over the same period. Importantly, the program never taught sleep hygiene directly, the improvements likely came from lowering stress arousal through mindfulness and movement practices.

This research highlights how simple, consistent mindfulness practices can support children’s rest, mood, and ability to learn.

Source: A school-based health and mindfulness curriculum improves children’s objectively measured sleep: a prospective observational cohort study https://jcsm.aasm.org/doi/10.5664/jcsm.9508  Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional before making any changes to your health or wellness routine.

Follow @goodneuroscience to optimize your brain health.

#neuroscience #brainhealth #neurobiology #mindfulnessforkids". 

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Get tips and strategies to help you or your child stay organised. Find out how executive function challenges and ADHD can cause trouble with organisation and time management.

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Get tips and strategies to help you or your child stay organized. Find out how executive function challenges and ADHD can cause trouble with organization and time management.

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Advice and support for families of young autistic children to care for their teeth. Created with families, professionals and researchers.

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Advice and support for families of young autistic children to care for their teeth and gums.

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Play into Summer!

Playing outdoors is essential for our children and young people to understand, value, enjoy and protect our natural world. In Scotland, this means playing outside in all weathers.

The summer is a treasure trove of experiences and play opportunities that are vital to development and enjoyment. The days get longer and nature is all around.

Summer is a wonderful time to explore your community and natural environment - get out and play!

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Play Scotland, the national expert in Play

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Delivering and celebrating children and young people's right to play. Leading, campaigning and planning for a more playful Scotland

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Build a play routine so your child knows when and how long.

Include a mix of solo and group play for social skills.

Rotate toys or activities weekly to keep engagement high.

Use short, achievable challenges to build confidence.

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Real strategies and tools to tackle fussy eating and create happy mealtimes

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Real strategies and tools to tackle fussy eating and create happy mealtimes

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Award-winning tools and support for

Our aim

To guide you towards happy mealtimes and healthy children.

Watch our video

How we can help

We have created this resource to share evidence-based information, tips and tools with parents and professionals to help establish healthy eating in children.
See how it works

Who we are

We are a group of academic psychologists who specialise in children's eating behaviour and parenting at mealtimes. Importantly, we are also mums.
Meet the team

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Award-winning tools and support to make mealtimes with children easier | Child Feeding Guide

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Effective strategies and information to tackle fussy eating and create happy mealtimes

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Getting to grips with cutlery is a really important skill. If you are finding this difficult, then try out some of the following tips…

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If you are looking to help develop your child’s cutlery skills, this video helps with some teaching ideas.

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If you are looking to help develop your child’s cutlery skills, this video helps with some teaching ideas. | NHS Lanarkshire Children and Young People, Occupational Therapy

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If you are looking to help develop your child’s cutlery skills, this video helps with some teaching ideas.. 

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Start with one new skill at a time (e.g., holding fork correctly before learning to cut).

Use easy-to-cut foods first (soft fruit, soft veg, cheese).

Model the action slowly – let your child watch, then copy.

Sit together for meals so they see the skill in context.

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Soft-bristle hairbrush for sensitive scalps.

Non-slip bath mat.

Flannel or sponge for children who dislike direct water on skin.

Electric toothbrush with a built-in timer.

Detangling spray (unscented for sensory sensitivity).

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Keep the same routine every day – same time, same order.

Use a visual checklist for steps (e.g., undress → wash body → rinse → dry → dress).

For toothbrushing, use a 2-minute timer or song.

For haircare, break into short bursts with praise between steps.

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Elastic-waist trousers.

Large zipper pulls or keyrings on zips.

T-shirts with a clear front/back design.

Sitting on a low chair for balance while dressing.

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Quick Tip: Teach Backwards (Backward Chaining)

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Quick Tip: Teach Backwards (Backward Chaining)

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You do most of the task and let your child finish the last step (e.g., you pull trousers up to their knees, they pull them up the rest of the way).

When they master that, give them the last two steps, and so on until they can do it all.

Keep clothes loose and easy at first – elastic waists, big neck openings, Velcro fastenings.

Practise at a calm time of day, not when you’re rushing out.

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Step stool for foot support.

Toilet insert seat for smaller bottoms.

Wet wipes or moist toilet paper for easier cleaning.

A sand timer or 1-minute song for handwashing.

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Take your child at regular times (e.g., after meals, before bed).

Use a simple picture sequence for each step.

Celebrate small successes – a sticker chart can help keep motivation up.

Keep the bathroom environment calm and comfortable (warm seat, low noise).

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Every child learns at their own pace. These strategies are not “one size fits all” – you can adapt them to suit your child’s age, interests, and needs. If something doesn’t work, try another approach or break the task into smaller steps.

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Quick Tips – Short, parent-friendly strategies you can try straight away.

Printables & Visuals – Routines, checklists, and guides for home use.

External Links – Carefully chosen videos and articles from trusted sources like the BBC, NHS, and charities.

Images of helpful tools – Examples of equipment or adaptations

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Welcome! This board is packed with practical ideas to help your child develop everyday skills like dressing, washing, eating, play, routines, sleep, and emotional regulation.

How it works:

Pick a column that matches your child’s current challenge.

Start with the Quick Tips card at the top.

Check out the Printable/Visual for step-by-step guidance.

Explore Links for extra advice, videos, and trusted websites.

You don’t need to read it all at once – just dip in and out when you need ideas. Bookmark it so you can come back anytime.

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A lovely evening routine chart, print it and laminate/poly pocket to make ticking off easy!

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This is a lovely morning routine chart, print it and laminate/poly pocket to make ticking off easy!

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The Little Playroom on Instagram: "He finally did it!! After a whole season of sniffles, snot, and total nose-blowing confusion, this guy finally got it. No amount of bribery or pleading worked—until we spent (a very casual) 10 minutes playing two simple games. That evening? He blew his own nose!!

This is a BIG win in our house. Who knew two little games could make such a difference?

Save this for when you’re in the thick of the tissue battle—or send it to a friend who’s there now. And don’t forget to follow for more play-powered wins!

#BlowTheBoogers
#TinyHumanWins
#SnotsplosionSurvivor
#GamesNotGroans
#TissueTactics
#ToddlerMilestones
#MomWin
#PlayToLearn
#SnotBeGone
#ParentingHack"

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59K likes, 396 comments - the_little_playroom on April 17, 2025: "He finally did it!! After a whole season of sniffles, snot, and total nose-blowing confusion, this guy finally got it. No amount of bribery or pleading worked—until we spent (a very casual) 10 minutes playing two simple games. That evening? He blew his own nose!!

This is a BIG win in our house. Who knew two little games could make such a difference?

Save this for when you’re in the thick of the tissue battle—or send it to a friend who’s there now. And don’t forget to follow for more play-powered wins!

#BlowTheBoogers
#TinyHumanWins
#SnotsplosionSurvivor
#GamesNotGroans
#TissueTactics
#ToddlerMilestones
#MomWin
#PlayToLearn
#SnotBeGone
#ParentingHack". 

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Creative play for toddlers and preschoolers

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Creative play for toddlers and preschoolers

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Check out our mess-free, stress-free, online art games to keep your creative kids entertained with all their CBeebies friends!

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CBeebies Parenting: Creative play for toddlers and preschoolers

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Check out our mess-free, stress-free, online art games to keep your creative kids entertained with all their CBeebies friends!

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Erin Wiggins on Instagram: "👟Struggling to teach your child to tie their shoes? Try this simple DIY hack!

This trick makes learning easier by giving kids a bigger, sturdier surface and laces to practice on—perfect for little hands still mastering the steps and motor movements needed for shoe tying!

✨ How to make it:
1️⃣ Grab a sturdy cardboard box.
2️⃣ Cut two holes near the edge, about the same distance apart as shoe eyelets.
3️⃣ Thread two different-colored pipe cleaners (or laces) through the holes to act as shoelaces.
4️⃣ Show your child the steps to tying a shoe using the bigger, easier-to-handle pipe cleaners.

✔️ The two different colors help kids visually distinguish each lace, making it easier to follow verbal instructions compared to using two of the same color.
✔️ Pipe cleaners are sturdier than regular laces, giving kids more control as they are first learning the steps and motor movements, making the process less frustrating.

This is a must-try for kids struggling with shoe tying! Tag or sent to a parent who needs this hack! 

👟💡 #ShoeTyingHack #FineMotorSkills #ParentingTips"

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5,342 likes, 87 comments - youreverydayot on February 6, 2025: "👟Struggling to teach your child to tie their shoes? Try this simple DIY hack!

This trick makes learning easier by giving kids a bigger, sturdier surface and laces to practice on—perfect for little hands still mastering the steps and motor movements needed for shoe tying!

✨ How to make it:
1️⃣ Grab a sturdy cardboard box.
2️⃣ Cut two holes near the edge, about the same distance apart as shoe eyelets.
3️⃣ Thread two different-colored pipe cleaners (or laces) through the holes to act as shoelaces.
4️⃣ Show your child the steps to tying a shoe using the bigger, easier-to-handle pipe cleaners.

✔️ The two different colors help kids visually distinguish each lace, making it easier to follow verbal instructions compared to using two of the same color.
✔️ Pipe cleaners are sturdier than regular laces, giving kids more control as they are first learning the steps and motor movements, making the process less frustrating.

This is a must-try for kids struggling with shoe tying! Tag or sent to a parent who needs this hack! 

👟💡 #ShoeTyingHack #FineMotorSkills #ParentingTips". 

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.✨What age should kids wipe their own bum?

Most START around 3.5-5 yrs and independent by 6-7🧻

What they need:

•Coordination: reaching, grasping, wiping effectively

•Process: wiping until clean & proper TP disposal

•Practice: gradual progress with guidance •Hygiene: washing hands after every trip

🚽 Tips for success:

•Stable seat: use a toilet seat and/or footrest for balance

•Positioning: lean forward or sideways, resting an elbow on knees or holding nearby support (like a sink), to make reaching easier

•Toilet paper: teach how to rip the right amount and wrap it around their hand for full coverage

•Start with wet wipes: easier for beginners (make sure they know not to flush!)

•Scaffold: you might even have to do hand over hand at first. Supervise and check when they’re done with a clean wipe to ensure they’re thorough. Gradually reduce help as they build skill and confidence.

✨Learn the skill through PLAY:

•Reach the target: Place stickers/clothespins on their butt to practice reaching. Sit them on a chair and add stickers on the back or bottom to make it realistic

•Learn “Clean”: Practice wiping tables or mirrors until spotless and how to check for cleanliness

•Toys/Dolls: Teach dolls to potty and wipe. Smear peanut butter or dirt on toys and wipe clean with wet wipes

Wiping is the last step in potty training and takes patience, practice, and time.

Every child learns at their own pace!✨

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Tips for Busy Mums & Dads on Instagram: "Posted @withregram • @mindfulplay.ot 💩 Tired of hearing, “MOMMM, come wipe my butt!!” from the bathroom?

This is a FAQ I get as an OT. Here’s how to help your child master this tricky skill, with lots of play built in!

🫶🏼I’m Jess, a pediatric OT and mom of two, guiding you toward more independent kids and less stressful parenting.

✨What age should kids wipe their own butt?
Most START around 3.5-5 yrs and independent by 6-7

🧻What they need:
•Coordination: reaching, grasping, wiping effectively •Process: wiping until clean & proper TP disposal •Practice: gradual progress with guidance •Hygiene: washing hands after every trip

🚽 Tips for success:
•Stable seat: use a toilet seat and/or footrest for balance •Positioning: lean forward or sideways, resting an elbow on knees or holding nearby support (like a sink), to make reaching easier •Toilet paper: teach how to rip the right amount and wrap it around their hand for full coverage
•Start with wet wipes: easier for beginners (make sure they know not to flush!)
•Scaffold: you might even have to do hand over hand at first. Supervise and check when they’re done with a clean wipe to ensure they’re thorough. Gradually reduce help as they build skill and confidence.

✨Learn the skill through PLAY:
•Reach the target: Place stickers/clothespins on their butt to practice reaching. Sit them on a chair and add stickers on the back or bottom to make it realistic •Learn “Clean”: Practice wiping tables or mirrors until spotless and how to check for cleanliness •Toys/Dolls: Teach dolls to potty and wipe. Smear peanut butter or dirt on toys and wipe clean with wet wipes

Wiping is the last step in potty training and takes patience, practice, and time. Every child learns at their own pace!

✨Let me know what’s working (or not!) for you! What questions do you have??

#pottytraining #wipeyourownbutt #pottytrainingsuccess #wipingbutts #playbasedlearning #sensoryplay #independentkids #pediatricot #childdevelopment"

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13K likes, 143 comments - busymumhacks on January 4, 2025: "Posted @withregram • @mindfulplay.ot 💩 Tired of hearing, “MOMMM, come wipe my butt!!” from the bathroom?

This is a FAQ I get as an OT. Here’s how to help your child master this tricky skill, with lots of play built in!

🫶🏼I’m Jess, a pediatric OT and mom of two, guiding you toward more independent kids and less stressful parenting.

✨What age should kids wipe their own butt?
Most START around 3.5-5 yrs and independent by 6-7

🧻What they need:
•Coordination: reaching, grasping, wiping effectively •Process: wiping until clean & proper TP disposal •Practice: gradual progress with guidance •Hygiene: washing hands after every trip

🚽 Tips for success:
•Stable seat: use a toilet seat and/or footrest for balance •Positioning: lean forward or sideways, resting an elbow on knees or holding nearby support (like a sink), to make reaching easier •Toilet paper: teach how to rip the right amount and wrap it around their hand for full coverage
•Start with wet wipes: easier for beginners (make sure they know not to flush!)
•Scaffold: you might even have to do hand over hand at first. Supervise and check when they’re done with a clean wipe to ensure they’re thorough. Gradually reduce help as they build skill and confidence.

✨Learn the skill through PLAY:
•Reach the target: Place stickers/clothespins on their butt to practice reaching. Sit them on a chair and add stickers on the back or bottom to make it realistic •Learn “Clean”: Practice wiping tables or mirrors until spotless and how to check for cleanliness •Toys/Dolls: Teach dolls to potty and wipe. Smear peanut butter or dirt on toys and wipe clean with wet wipes

Wiping is the last step in potty training and takes patience, practice, and time. Every child learns at their own pace!

✨Let me know what’s working (or not!) for you! What questions do you have??

#pottytraining #wipeyourownbutt #pottytrainingsuccess #wipingbutts #playbasedlearning #sensoryplay #independentkids #pediatricot #childdevelopment". 

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Habitica is a free habit-building and productivity app that treats your real life like a game. With in-game rewards and punishments to motivate you and a strong social network to inspire you, Habitica can help you achieve your goals to become healthy, hard-working, and happy.

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Habitica is a free habit and productivity app that treats your real life like a game. Habitica can help you achieve your goals to become healthy and happy.

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Children can defeat the troublesome bacteria with skilful brushing to make the captive Pokémon appear. If kids brush their teeth well, they will be able to rescue the Pokémon. There are over 100 species of Pokémon to rescue, so kids will want to keep coming back to brush in order to complete their Pokédex.

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Kids Can Rescue Pokémon from Cavity-Causing Bacteria and Make Tooth Brushing Fun with Pokémon Smile.

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The Sleep Wise App

The Sleep wise app has been developed for anyone who is helping a young person resolve their sleep problem.

It could be that you’re a parent or a health care professional. Maybe you support the young person in a school or college.

It is intended to help children and young people of school age across all abilities.

The app works on a child’s average sleep per night as a starting point and make suggestions how you can improve sleep.

It has passed ORCHA review and is being used by health and schools and parents. It is unique as it concentrates upon young people and how to help them effectively achieve a restful night’s sleep.

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Sleep Wise App | Download on the App Store & Google Play Now!

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Sleep Wise App. This app has been co-produced with Education and Health professionals. The Sleep wise app has been developed for anyone who is helping a young person resolve their sleep problem.

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How to care for the teeth children aged 7+ with Dr Ranj and Supertooth!

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Using a pump dispenser will help children be more independent with washing themselves

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View2Do is an online program that lets you create customized teaching aids for visual learners.

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View2Do is an online program that lets teachers and parents create customized teaching aids for visual learners.

Since 1996, Do2Learn has been helping teachers help kids with special needs by providing evidence-based visual learning supports for school and home. Now packed with even more features, View2Do gives schools and families a powerful tool to create, share, network, and teach, all in an engaging visual medium ideal for students with learning and communication differences. Teachers will love how easy it is to make great-looking learning tools and collaborate with their colleagues. Students will adore the easy-to-use & visually engaging learning supports customized just for them.

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picture exchange communication system cards

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Do2Learn: Educational Resources for Special Needs

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picture communication cards, songs, games and learning activities for autism, aspergers, fetal alcohol syndrome and disabilities

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Do2Learn: Educational Resources for Special Needs

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picture communication cards, songs, games and learning activities for autism, aspergers, fetal alcohol syndrome and disabilities

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A simple picture sequence showing the order of dressing – underwear → trousers/skirt → top → socks → shoes.

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Need more Picture Cards?
View2Do is an online program that lets you create customized teaching aids for visual learners.

View2Do gives schools and families a powerful tool to create, share, network, and teach, all in an engaging visual medium ideal for students with learning and communication differences. Teachers will love how easy it is to make great-looking learning tools and collaborate with their colleagues. Students will love the clear, easy-to-use, and visually engaging learning supports that are customized just for them.
Learn more about View2do!

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picture exchange communication system cards

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Do2Learn: Educational Resources for Special Needs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Need more Picture Cards? View2Do is an online program that lets you create customized teaching aids for visual learners. View2Do gives schools and families a powerful tool to create, share, network, and teach, all in an engaging visual medium ideal for students with learning and communication differences.

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Printable routine chart showing washing face/hands, toothbrushing, haircare, and getting dressed – with pictures your child can tick off.

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Need more Picture Cards?
View2Do is an online program that lets you create customized teaching aids for visual learners.

View2Do gives schools and families a powerful tool to create, share, network, and teach, all in an engaging visual medium ideal for students with learning and communication differences. Teachers will love how easy it is to make great-looking learning tools and collaborate with their colleagues. Students will love the clear, easy-to-use, and visually engaging learning supports that are customized just for them.
Learn more about View2do!

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picture exchange communication system cards

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Do2Learn: Educational Resources for Special Needs

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picture communication cards, songs, games and learning activities for autism, aspergers, fetal alcohol syndrome and disabilities

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Click to download and print. Shows each step in pictures from walking to the toilet → flushing → washing hands.

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Need more Picture Cards?
View2Do is an online program that lets you create customized teaching aids for visual learners.

View2Do gives schools and families a powerful tool to create, share, network, and teach, all in an engaging visual medium ideal for students with learning and communication differences. Teachers will love how easy it is to make great-looking learning tools and collaborate with their colleagues. Students will love the clear, easy-to-use, and visually engaging learning supports that are customized just for them.
Learn more about View2do!

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picture exchange communication system cards

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Do2Learn: Educational Resources for Special Needs

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Need more Picture Cards? View2Do is an online program that lets you create customized teaching aids for visual learners. View2Do gives schools and families a powerful tool to create, share, network, and teach, all in an engaging visual medium ideal for students with learning and communication differences.

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Parent’s Guide to Toilet Training Children with Autism

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Parent’s Guide to Toilet Training Children with Autism

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Training Children with Autism

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https://apps.apple.com/gb/app/first-then-visual-schedule-hd/id624035410

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https://apps.apple.com/gb/app/choiceworks/id486210964

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https://apps.apple.com/gb/app/my-own-interactions/id1069032256

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 Southpaw on Instagram: "Struggling with socks? Try scrunchies!⁠

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 Southpaw on Instagram: "Struggling with socks? Try scrunchies!⁠
⁠
Learning how to put on their own socks can be a troublesome task for children. Thanks to these tips from More Than A Gym, you can help them get started by cueing stabilization and utilizing scrunchies. ⁠
⁠
🎥: @more_than_a_gym via Instagram⁠
⁠
⁠
#tipsforkids #tipsforchildren #parentinghack"

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136 likes, 8 comments - southpawenterprises on April 11, 2023: "Struggling with socks? Try scrunchies!⁠
⁠
Learning how to put on their own socks can be a troublesome task for children. Thanks to th..."

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Check out this Instagram Reel for ideas to help teach your toddler practical life skills

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 𝗡𝗶𝗻𝗶 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝘆𝗰𝗲 on Instagram: "What are "practical life skills" and why are they SO important?🤔👇

The term "practical life skills" refers to the skills we use in everyday life. Examples of these include: prepping and cooking food, cleaning or doing laundry.

These skills are extremely important in helping children develop their independence and sense of belonging within the family environment. 

There are obviously many other ways to help children develop their practical life skills- such as simply involving them in everyday chores! These are just a few activity ideas if you are looking for something fun to pass the time! 

Hope these help, and happy monday!🤍"

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4,757 likes, 47 comments - early.explorer on January 15, 2024: "What are "practical life skills" and why are they SO important?🤔👇

The term "practical life skills" refers to the skills we use in ..."

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Triple Bristle GO | Portable AA Battery Sonic Toothbrush for Travel | Three Powerful Modes | Soft Nylon Bristles-Also for Autistic & Special Needs Adults and Kids

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Triple Bristle GO | Portable AA Battery Sonic Toothbrush for Travel | Three Powerful Modes | Soft Nylon Bristles-Also for Autistic & Special Needs Adults and Kids

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Introducing the Triple Bristle Sonic GO Battery Powered Travel Toothbrush, the perfect companion for your dental care routine both at home and on the go! This innovative toothbrush is designed with convenience in mind, offering a unique brush head design that cleans all three sides of your teeth ...

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Toothbrushings tips for Additional Needs

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Toothbrushings tips for Additional Needs

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https://www.plymouth.gov.uk/find-playground

Click this link to find your local playground

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Toilet Training for Children with Additional Needs

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Toilet Training for Children with Additional Needs

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Social scripts are a communication strategy to help support children's understanding of events, social situations and more. They help describe what to do and promote independence.

They are always positive and avoid placing blame on an individual.

Social scripts can provide a positive and clear way of describing going to the toilet, reducing frustrations and supporting your child's understanding.

You can download, print and personalise for your child by using your own photos and language that you use with your child.

There are 6 pages to print, on single sides. The flash cards can be cut out and stuck to card or laminated.

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Advice, resources and recomended products to support your child with toileting routines, including social stories, flash cards and videos.

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TomTag visual support- morning and evening routines for autism

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When Tom was younger, getting ready in the morning and going to bed were a challenge for him and our family. He got confused about what to do next, easily distracted from tasks yet reacted angrily to being constantly reminded what to do. Not getting enough sleep made things even more difficult in the morning as Tom( and us too!) would be irritable, tired and unable to concentrate. School days were particularly stressful due to the pressure of having to be out of the door on time.

Using pictures to create a morning and evening routine made life so much easier for all of us. Seeing what was happening at these tricky times of the day helped Tom understand what was expected of him in a non-demanding way. Knowing what to expect helped to reduce his anxiety levels and meltdowns and gave him a sense of pride in taking responsibility for himself.

We've put together this mini kit to help other families like us who want a calmer start and end to the day and to help develop their child's independent skills.

Key benefits

Creating a structure and routine to mornings and evenings at home results in a calmer less chaotic start and end to the day

Showing your child exactly what they need to do and in what order helps reduce their anxiety and meltdowns

Communicating what your child needs to do without constant verbal prompting leads to less frustration when moving between tasks

Encouraging independence by giving your child responsibility for themselves

Strong and durable water-resistant stickers means you can display routines easily in the bedroom, bathroom or any other place in the house where your child can see them

Quickly and easily adapt your routines when something different is going to happen

Kit contents

2 TomTag Button Holders (please specify your colour preferences in the notes section at checkout)

20 blank buttons to give you the flexibility to create multiple routines

20 symbol stickers for you to choose from to make personalised routines

4 blank stickers to use for additional items or tasks

4 blank rectangular stickers to label your TomTag Button Holders

Easy to follow instruction sheet to assemble your TomTag

Price includes postage ( mainland UK only)

Dimensions

TomTag Button Holder: 18cm x 3cm

Buttons: 2cm diameter

Symbols included

get up, bedtime, get dressed, get undressed,

wash, shower, bath, wash hands, use toilet (sitting), use toilet (standing)

brush hair, brush teeth, breakfast, eat, drink

get ready, go to school, homework, read, ipad/tablet

For an extended kit with additional symbols for more detailed daily routines you may like the TomTag I Know What To Expect At Home Kit
WARNING: Please note - TomTag is not a toy. Not suitable for children under 36 months due to small parts.
Symbol images produced under licence from Widgit Symbols (C) Widgit Software 2002-2023 www.widgit.com. All other images (C) Orkid Ideas Limited 2023

Description

The TomTag I Know What To Expect Range

With the TomTag I Know What To Expect range, it's quick and easy to make personalised visual timelines, schedules and reminders which can be used anywhere in the home, at school, in care settings or when out and about.

TomTag visual supports can provide structure and guidance to the day or week ahead, helping to lessen anxieties and mange expectations about what is going to happen. This can lead to improvements in behaviour, communication and encourage personal responsibility and independence.

These are truly versatile visual supports. Use the tags singly to highlight sections of the day or particular tasks. Work towards using just one tag to cover a whole routine or time of day.

TomTag is hygienic, durable and portable but most of all it's fun to use. Most children love stickers so let them join in the fun. Helping set them up will encourage them to use them too!

How does TomTag work?

TomTag uses symbols to show a series of separate tasks or steps involved in a task that are part of a routine, a sequence of events in a timeline or they can be used as a list to teach a new skill by breaking down a single activity into smaller steps.

Many children with autism and other additional needs have strong visual skills. They are more likely to remember and understand what they have seen rather than what they hear. Using a visual support like TomTag to present information visually and in a step-by-step manner allows visual thinkers and learners to take in information at their own pace. Visuals can also act as a reminder when children forget what's been said or become distracted, TomTag helps to bring their attention back to the task or current situation.

Our customers say

"Tom tags are brilliant. My son is ADHD, ASD and PDA so trying to get him to follow a routine without making it feel like demands is really tough. Tom tags help him to see his routine visually without me having to demand."

"They're a huge hit already. She really taken ownership of them and helped to stick the stickers on. We made a bedtime one which she has stuck to rigidly."

"I recently got myself some Tom tags to help with my morning and evening routines and so far they are really helping. It's been really helpful to have all the steps and tasks laid out , so I don't get caught up in my head wondering what to do first or what I even have to do anyways. "

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TomTag visual support- morning and evening routines for autism

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Create a visual timetable for morning and evening routines at home to reduce your autistic child's anxiety about what to expect and encourage independence

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Our Children's Wellbeing Team have made a whole Padlet on all things sleep - have a look

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YouTube has a wide variety of toothbrushing video, have a search as many of your child's favourite characters may be there

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Brush Your Teeth | Kids Song | Finny The Shark

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Understanding Light's Impact on Melatonin Production

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Understanding Light's Impact on Melatonin Production

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Light exposure plays a crucial role in regulating our body's internal clock and sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin, often referred to as the "sleep hormone," is a key player in this process.

The Role of Melatonin:

Natural Sleep Regulator: Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain, and it helps regulate our sleep-wake cycle.

Circadian Rhythm: The body's production of melatonin is closely tied to the circadian rhythm, the natural internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle.

Light's Impact on Melatonin Production:

Natural Light: Exposure to natural daylight, especially in the morning, signals to the body that it is daytime, suppressing melatonin production.

Artificial Light at Night: Exposure to artificial light, especially blue light emitted by electronic devices, can interfere with melatonin production, making it difficult for the body to transition into sleep mode.

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Bedtime Rituals: Develop calming bedtime rituals like reading a book, gentle music, or a warm bath.

Consistent Bedtime: Set a consistent bedtime, even on weekends, to regulate your child's internal clock.

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Join a very tired koala on a melodic moonlit journey across the dreamy world of Moshi

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Have a look at how visual timers can help support transitions with your child

Give a warning 10–15 minutes before transitions (e.g., “5 more minutes of play”).

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This link has really handy resources such as visual aids and videos to help teach your child how and why they need to wash their hands

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Life Skills

For children and young people Life Skills means being able to take part in Self Care, Play and Education. You can find general hints and tips to teach children and young people new life skills. There are also sections on Sleep and Listening, Understanding, Talking and Interacting.

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Hand washing is a essential skill for children of all ages.

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Click this link for some great ideas on how to teach your child to independently wash themselves

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Hair washing can be a tricky experience for some children, young people and adults alike. If your child has sensory differences, they may find it hard to have their hair washed or to wash it.

A child may experience touch as overwhelming or even painful, or they may not register the touch information making hair washing a confusing experience. If another person is washing your hair, then it is not possible to control how much pressure is being used to make it more tolerable, you also can't see them as they will be out of the line of sight. This means that another person may be rubbing your head in an unexpected way or place, or that they are touching your head in an uncomfortable way.

If someone experiences movement difficulties, then they may find it difficult to maintain a good sitting posture in the bath or find it hard to stand in the shower. They may find it difficult to step in and out of the shower or bath, tilt their head for the shampoo to be washed out, or they may find it hard to sit still for long enough to have a wash or wash their hair.

If a child has proprioceptive difficulties, they may struggle to get their hands to their head or to move around all of their head to wash their hair. They might find it hard to rinse their hair.

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Washing Myself - Children and Family Health

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Hair washing can be a tricky experience for some children, young people and adults alike. If your child has sensory differences, they may find it hard to have their hair washed or to wash it. A child may experience touch as overwhelming or even painful, or they may not register the touch information making hair washing a confusing experience.

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Turn tooth brushing into a game with this free iOS app that encourages kids to save the fairy tale kingdom by scrubbing away an evil sorceress’s spell from the teeth of its quirky inhabitants. Every few days, users can unlock a new Toothsaver to brush with, eventually earning the chance to battle the evil sorceress. The app is a good way of encouraging children to brush for the full two minutes each time, so they achieve the in-game milestones.

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Save the fairy tale kingdom with your toothbrush!

An evil sorceress has cast a wicked spell, leaving everyone's mouths to rot and be overrun by cavities. Now it's up to you to help Toothy and the Toothsavers save everyone's teeth!

You'll have two minutes to brush and scrub away the spell for each of the kingdom's quirky inhabitants. From the Dragon to Little Red Riding Hood to the Pirate, only you can help them clean their teeth.

Save your own teeth by brushing them with each Toothsaver for two minutes, twice a day. They'll help make brushing fun. And for every few days you brush, you'll unlock a new Toothsaver to brush with. Brush for 30 days and you'll have the chance to defeat the evil sorceress herself!

And be sure to brush your friends' and family's teeth using the two-player Toothsaver mode. Keep your whole family clean with Toothsavers!

Features

- 10 colorful characters with their own fun toothbrushes and food particles to brush
- Use swipes and taps to clean each character's teeth in each two-minute session
- Up to three stars awarded for brushing each character well
- 10 different two-minute animations to make brushing in real life fun
- 10 colorful cartoon teeth that animate to your voice in two-player mode
- An interactive map to chart each day and night you brush with Toothsavers
- Earn new characters by brushing two minutes, twice a day with Toothsavers
- Parents' section allows parents to designate daily brushing times and monitor their child's brushing progress on a calendar
- Parents can connect on Facebook and post whenever their child reaches a brushing milestone

Toothsavers is brought to you by the Partnership for Healthy Mouths, Healthy Lives as part of its Kids' Healthy Mouths campaign. The campaign aims to motivate parents to take action to reduce their children's risk of oral disease by making sure their kids are brushing their teeth for two minutes, twice a day.

Visit 2min2x.org for more information.

This app has been updated by Apple to display the Apple Watch app icon.

Terms of Use and Privacy Policy texts updated.

Really great! Wish there was more

My 3 year old loves it, we saved all of the monsters but now there is more. Please make another version or an ability to purchase another 13 monsters to rescue.

Great app!

We love it gives a great specific time for each tooth and it's just perfect!

Kids love this - it works!

Tooth brushing used to be a bit of a battle in our house. I didn't think at first this app would help. But it has made a huge difference. Kids are excited to brush, they follow the directions, brush for 2 whole minutes, and unlocking new characters really motivates them. They also like the other games you can play with the characters. Now the only battle is who gets to hit the "play" button before brushing!

The developer, Dental Trade Alliance, has not provided details about its privacy practices and handling of data to Apple. For more information, see the developer's privacy policy.

No Details Provided

The developer will be required to provide privacy details when they submit their next app update.

Information

Compatibility

iPhone

Requires iOS 6.0 or later.

iPad

Requires iPadOS 6.0 or later.

iPod touch

Requires iOS 6.0 or later.

Mac

Requires macOS 11.0 or later and a Mac with Apple M1 chip or later.

Languages

English, Czech, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, Swedish, Traditional Chinese, Turkish

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‎Save the fairy tale kingdom with your toothbrush! An evil sorceress has cast a wicked spell, leaving everyone's mouths to rot and be overrun by cavities. Now it's up to you to help Toothy and the Toothsavers save everyone's teeth! You'll have two minutes to brush and scrub away the spell for each...

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Have a look at this PDF for strategies and ideas that may be useful

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The Autism Organisation have written a really valuable resource on strategies for supporting children with Autism during their periods.

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Getting your period can bring challenges whether or not you are autistic.

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Have a look at the Andrex site for some great information on teaching your child to wipe independently

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Content reviewed and approved by Amanda Jenner, the longest established and most experienced Toilet Training Expert in the UK today, and founder of the Potty Training Academy.
By the time your child has wowed you with their potty using prowess, you'll find one more important step on this toilet training journey together - wiping.
Help your child learn how to keep themselves clean and fresh by teaching them to wipe their bottom once they've finished using the toilet or potty.

Because your little ones can't see back there, for now it's up to you to check they're all clean. But by teaching them the right way to wipe their own bum, you can both be confident that they feel and are clean after wiping.

Some children might take longer to develop motor skills before they can wipe their bottom properly, but it's only natural. What's important is that you're there to help boost their confidence while they work on it - and that you can help with wiping when needed.

This article covers:

When to start wiping training
Teaching your child to wipe their bottom properly
Wiping tips and tricks
When to start wiping training
If your child started potty training early in life, then they'll be ready to begin wiping sooner.

One clear sign your child might be ready to start wiping themselves is when they tell you they're finished. Knowing they're done and ready to hop off the potty is a huge step. It means you can make your visits shorter and there's less risk of using more toilet tissue than necessary in case your child wasn't quite finished after all.

Even if your child isn't ready to wipe their bottom yet, start wiping training from the time they first take to the potty. You may tend to wipe after a wee for both your little girl and boy - but feeling clean after a wee is a doddle compared to wiping clean after a poo.

Talk through what you're doing as you wipe, so they start to associate wiping with that clean feeling. This way they'll know the value of a proper clean - even before they try to do it themselves
Teaching your child to wipe their bottom properly
Teaching your child how to use toilet paper properly is an important step. Here's how you can encourage them to do so and move towards toilet independence.

Unroll, tear and fold the paper
Check the toilet paper dispenser is within reach, or just encourage them to grab a loose roll that's placed nearby. Show them how it tears easily and how to fold it.

Lay it flat
Get your child to practice laying the folded paper flat in the palm of their hand. Avoid scrunching - the idea is to cover as much of their bottom as possible and minimise the chances of getting poo on their hands.

Reach for the bottom

Make sure your child applies the paper to the correct area. This can be the tricky part, putting your child's co-ordination and fine motor skills to the test.
Amanda's Advice: Not all kids can reach their bums. This is not uncommon so don't worry. Continue to try and guide them until they can reach. This can be the case until they are at least six years old - it can take time

Wipe from front to back

An especially important step for girls, make sure your child knows it's more hygienic to wipe from front to back.

The clean test

Check the paper to see if it's clean and drop into the toilet.

Keep wiping until clean

Repeat the above until the paper looks clean.

Flush the toilet

Help your child achieve a sense of accomplishment by flushing away their poo.

Wash your hands

Always an important step, make sure it's part of the ritual.
Wiping for boys and girls
Boys and girls should both wipe from front to back. It's the most hygienic option and provides a more effective clean. But it's especially important that girls are aware they need to wipe from front to back. Poo contains bacteria that can cause urinary tract infections if it's wiped into the urethra.
Wiping tips and tricks
Teaching your children how to wipe is straightforward, but mastering it takes time - especially while they're still fine-tuning their coordination skills. .Be patient and encouraging when they're learning. Stress the importance of getting that clean feeling and your little one will see (and feel) the benefit.

Talk about why wiping is important
There's no need to get into the fine details at this stage, but take what your child knows about the importance of keeping away nasty germs through handwashing and baths and apply it further to having a clean bum. Context is everything - otherwise you risk the process of properly wiping becoming a chore, and they may resist doing it properly.

How much toilet paper should a child use?
You might not know how much exactly is needed when a child wipes themselves clean, but you can show them it's important not to waste it. One idea is to put a marker on the bathroom wall - if your little one unrolls the toilet paper past this point before tearing it off, make it clear that's a waste.

Should children use wet wipes?
While getting little ones familiar with using toilet paper to clean their bums after a poo is important, you could encourage them to finish with a flushable wipe like Andrex® Washlets™. That way you can both be confident of a more thorough clean. However, your child should understand that there might not always be the option to use a flushable wipe - if you've run out at home or are using different facilities. Achieving the same clean feel with toilet paper is just as important.

All finished?
Getting your child to wipe themselves properly is not an overnight job. You'll need to be on hand for a while to ensure they can do it themselves. When your child has finished wiping, encourage them to check with you that you're happy with it.

You can either finish wiping with careful verbal feedback or congratulate them on a job well done. What's important is that they're aware of expectations - and you manage your own through coaching and support.

Teaching children how to wipe once they're finished on the potty or toilet is a rewarding challenge - just like getting them on there in the first place was. Take heart that your child is showing the confidence to take care of such an important job and help them develop the skills they need to do so.

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Teaching the kids how to wipe their bottom is a big step towards independence. Find out how you can encourage them to feel fresh with our handy guide.