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WORK AND THE THREE SECTORS OF THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

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WORK AND THE THREE SECTORS OF THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

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Women and Equalities Minister. Celebrating the achievement of mothers. Ukraine refugees.

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Podcast Episode

Woman's Hour

Mar 8

56 min 40 sec

Episode Description

Why in 2022 is there no position in the Cabinet solely dedicated to the job of Women and Equalities? Why is it always tagged onto another cabinet role? Emma talks to Amber Rudd who juggled the job of being Home Secretary while she was Work and Pensions Sec

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Women and Equalities Minister. Celebrating the achievement of mothers. Ukraine refugees.

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Why in 2022 is there no position in the Cabinet solely dedicated to the job of Women and Equalities? Why is it always tagged onto another cabinet role? Emma talks to Amber Rudd who juggled the job of being Home Secretary while she was Work and Pensions Secretary too. Plus, Shadow Women and Equalitie…

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This sector was the first one to develop in human economy, it changed 10000 years ago with the discovery of agriculture and it was the main economic activity for most of the European History .

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This sector began with the first instances of manufacturing (making tools/shoes/clothes) but it developed significantly during the Industrial Revolution. At this time it constituted the most relevant sector in terms of employment in many countries.

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This sector was the last one to develop and it is currently the most relevant one in terms of employment in Europe..

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1-Central regions of northwestern Europe.

Women work full-time, they stop when the

have children and they return later but part-time.
2-High participation. Women work most of their lives.

East-central/Eastern Europe/Scandinavia
3-Mediterranean south and Atlantic.

Initial full time followed by an exit from

the workforce after having children

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Education and Training - Higher Education

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Education and Training - Higher Education

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increased female participation

increased number of institutions

problems of overcrowding

low graduation rates in some countries

shortages in funding

shortening of programs to offer graduate (paid) studies.

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Why Finland has the Best Education by Michael Moore

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Education and Training- National Distinctions

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Education and Training- National Distinctions

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some countries track students according to their abilities

some countries integrate instruction with labor market

Belgium has all schools state-funded

More hours of school in the Mediterranean south

differences in foreign languages instruction

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Education and Training - Positive Substitution

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Education and Training - Positive Substitution

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In a context of unemployment, people tend to study

more in order to be more competitive when

looking for a job

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Welfare policies began after WW2 to cater for the different needs of heavily affected populations and were applied in many European countries.

The demographic changes and a general shift in political priorities resulted in reductions of welfare programs such as sick days, maternity leave, unemployment pays, etc.

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GDP(Gross Domestic Product): it is the monetary value of all finished goods and services made within a country during a specific period. GDP provides an economic snapshot of a country, used to estimate the size of an economy and growth rate. GDP can be calculated in three ways, using expenditures, production, or incomes. (investopedia.com)

PPP (Purchasing Power Parity): it is an economic theory that compares different countries' currencies through a "basket of goods" approach. It refers to how much you can buy in that country.

Income distribution: The contrast between the rich and the poor in a given country. This contrast can be reduced with progressive taxation policies (taxing the rich more than the poor)