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700 A.D.: Beginning of Trans-Saharan Slave Trade

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700 A.D.: Beginning of Trans-Saharan Slave Trade

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The Trans-Saharan slave trade began, primarily operated by Arab traders. This trade route connected North Africa with West Africa, where slaves were transported across the Sahara Desert. The trade was characterized by its integration with Islamic societies, where slaves often held prestigious positions in households and military.

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900 A.D.: Peak of Trans-Saharan Slave Trade in North Africa

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900 A.D.: Peak of Trans-Saharan Slave Trade in North Africa

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The trade reached its height in North African countries including Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Egypt. Slaves were primarily employed in domestic service, agriculture, mining, and military roles. Islamic law (Quran) influenced the treatment of slaves, generally resulting in better conditions compared to later Trans-Atlantic slavery.

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1450: Beginning of Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

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1450: Beginning of Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

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Portugal initiated the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, establishing a monopoly on the transportation of enslaved Africans to the Americas. This marked the beginning of a more brutal and industrialized form of slavery.

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1500: Expansion of Portuguese Slave Trade

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1500: Expansion of Portuguese Slave Trade

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Portuguese traders established key trading posts along the African coast, particularly in Senegambia and Angola. The focus was primarily on capturing male slaves for their physical strength to work on plantations in the Americas.

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1600: Height of Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

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1600: Height of Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

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The trade reached its peak as British and American colonies increased their demand for slave labor. Unlike the Trans-Saharan trade, this system was purely economic and based on extreme exploitation for plantation work.

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Other European nations broke Portugal's monopoly on the slave trade, leading to increased competition and higher volumes of enslaved people being transported across the Atlantic.

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Britain abolished the slave trade, marking the beginning of the end for the Trans-Atlantic slave trade. However, the Trans-Saharan trade continued.

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The British Empire abolished slavery entirely, influencing other nations to follow suit. Meanwhile, the Trans-Saharan trade continued under different forms.

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Brazil, the last country in the Americas to abolish slavery, finally ended the practice. This marked the definitive end of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade era.

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1962: Final Abolition of Trans-Saharan Slavery

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1962: Final Abolition of Trans-Saharan Slavery

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Saudi Arabia officially abolished slavery, marking the end of the much longer-lasting Trans-Saharan slave trade. This trade had lasted approximately 1200 years compared to the Trans-Atlantic trade's 250 years.