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Eukaryotic cells | Cellular Respiration 

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Eukaryotic cells | Cellular Respiration 

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•Most important part | mitochondria

▪︎Glucose & oxygen | Reactants

▪︎Carbon dioxide, water, & ATP | Products

▪︎Glycolysis | happens in the cytoplasm [ anerobic]

▪︎NADH | coeznyme, transfers electrons

Glucose > 2 atp and pyruvate

▪︎Through active transport 2 pyruvate transport into the mitochondria [ mitochondrial matrix ]

▪︎Pyruvate> acetyl COA [ 2 nadp]

▪︎Kreb cycle [anerobic]> 2 atp, 6 nadh, 2 fadh²

•ETC> makes proton gradient

•ETC> 26 to 34 atp

•Cellular Respiration Total> 30 to 38 ATP

By: JTTS

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What I learned:

From the two YouTube videos, I learned that cellular respiration is the process that happens inside our cells to produce energy. The food that we eat, especially glucose, is broken down to make ATP, which is the main energy source that our body uses. From the Amoeba Sisters video, I learned that cellular respiration has three main stages - glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm and breaks down glucose into smaller parts. The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain happen in the mitochondria, which is called the "powerhouse of the cell."

From the Crash Course video, I learned that even though cells don't really "breathe," they still need oxygen to get energy. Oxygen helps in breaking down the glucose completely to release more ATP. The video also showed that when we don't have oxygen, cells can still make energy through fermentation, but it gives less energy.

Something interesting I saw:

What I found interesting in the Amoeba Sisters video was how they used cute cartoons and simple animations to explain the process. It made the lesson fun and easier to understand. I liked how they explained each stage with visuals that showed what happens inside the cell.

In the Crash Course video, I found it interesting how the speaker talked very lively and explained how cellular respiration is connected to real life, like how our bodies use energy from food to move and survive. The visuals and examples made me imagine how small processes inside our cells are actually very important for life.

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I learned that in Cellular Respiration is a process where the Glucose breaks down into the form of adenosine triphosphate. The function of this is to provide energy for cell movement, growth, repair, and homeostasis. There is a general equation of cellular respiration which is where the combined glucose and oxygen breaks down into carbon dioxide, water, and atp energy. The Cellular Respiration mostly happens in the mitochondria though the first part happens in the cytoplasm.

I learned that the Cellular Respiration has two types. The Aerobic Respiration uses oxygen and produces alot of atp, while the Anaerobic Respiration happens even without oxygen but produces less atp. An example for Anaerobic Respiration is fermentation.

Also, lastly I've observed that there are 3 Main Stages of Cellular respiration, first is the Glycolysis which occurs in the cytoplasm, it only produces 2 ATP and it does not need oxygen, so it happens in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. For the second one which is Krebs Cycle occurs inside the mitochondria which is called the mitochondrial matrix, it produces a small amount of ATP, only 2 amount, and this stage needs oxygen inorder to release carbon dioxide as a waste product. Third is the Electron Transport Chain, this one is located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria, it uses high energy electrons to create a flow of energy that makes ATP. In this part, most ATP is made. Oxygen is stated to be the final electron acceptor, and without oxygen, this stage cannot happen. This is the reason why oxygen is essential for aerobic respiration.

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11 STEM INNOVATION

GENBIO

I learnt that Cellular Respiration is a process in which glucose is converted into adenosine triphosphate. This provides energy for cell movement, growth, repair, and equilibrium. There is a general equation for cellular respiration, which states that the combined glucose and oxygen break down into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP energy. The majority of cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria, with the first part occurring in the cytoplasm.

I discovered that cellular respiration has two forms. Aerobic respiration needs oxygen to produce a lot of atp, whereas anaerobic respiration occurs even without oxygen but produces less atp. Fermentation is an example of anaerobic respiration.

Finally, I've discovered that there are three main stages of cellular respiration. The first is glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm and produces only 2 ATP and requires no oxygen, therefore it occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. The second one, the Krebs Cycle, takes place inside the mitochondria, which is known as the mitochondrial matrix. It creates a little quantity of ATP, only two, and this stage requires oxygen to release carbon dioxide as waste. The third is the Electron Transport Chain, which is located in the mitochondria's inner membrane and employs high-energy electrons to generate a flow of energy that produces ATP. The majority of ATP is produced during this process. The ultimate electron acceptor is believed to be oxygen, and this stage cannot occur without it. This explains why oxygen is necessary for aerobic respiration.

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My short insight from these videos is that cellular respiration is a fundamental process where mitochondria act as the cell's powerhouses, generating ATP to fuel cellular activities. I've also learned that this process is not isolated but intricately linked to other biological functions like fermentation, the electron transport chain, and photosynthesis. The key takeaway is that cellular respiration is essential for energy production, and ATP is crucial for sustaining life functions at the cellular level.

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Cellular respiration is the process of converting glucose and oxygen into ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.

It takes place primarily in the mitochondria, known as the powerhouse of the cell.

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the cell’s main energy currency, powering most biological processes.

Three main stages of cellular respiration:

Glycolysis – Occurs in the cytoplasm; converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH.

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) – Takes place in the mitochondrial matrix; releases CO2 and produces ATP, NADH, and FADH2.

Electron Transport Chain (Oxidative Phosphorylation) – Happens in the inner mitochondrial membrane; uses NADH, FADH2, and oxygen to produce most of the ATP.

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, forming water.

ATP synthase generates ATP using a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane.

The process is highly efficient, with one cell producing up to 10 million ATP molecules per second.

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration and fermentation occur without oxygen.

Fermentation produces less ATP but allows energy production in oxygen-deprived conditions.

Cellular respiration releases energy in a controlled, prevents damage to the cell.

ATP functions like a rechargeable battery, constantly being broken down and reformed to meet energy needs.

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Kristel Joy R. Daria  11 - Stem 1 Innovation

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Kristel Joy R. Daria  11 - Stem 1 Innovation

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I learned that cellular respiration is a process where it uses glucose to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which our body needs every day to maintain our homeostasis, which means keeping our internal environment balanced and stable. Humans require over a hundred pounds of ATP each day. We are also an example of aerobic organisms because we need oxygen to live and grow.

Isn't it interesting to learn that all chemical reactions in our body go through specific processes to function properly and produce the necessary substances to sustain life? Chemical reactions such as cellular respiration, protein synthesis, and digestion all follow detailed processes to work efficiently. For example, cellular respiration has three stages; glycolysis, the krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain, which have their own functions that must be performed to properly carry out the process to produce ATP.

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Amoeba Sisters - I learned how cells make ATP which is their energy, it also shows how cells convert food into energy that will they use. I also learned why and how important ATP is in everything we do.

Crash Course - I learned that mitochondria are like tiny power plants, making ATP to fuel everything we do from moving to thinking. The video also explains how rhe process works and is it essential in our life.

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i learned that cellular respiration has stages that help the cell produce energy. the first stage is glycolysis, which happens in the cytoplasm and breaks down glucose into two pyruvate molecules. it makes a small amount of energy (2 atp) and NADH and doesn’t need oxygen, so it works in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

next is the krebs cycle, which occurs in the mitochondria. it breaks down pyruvate into carbon dioxide, makes 2 more atp, and produces NADH and FADH₂ for the next stage. this step needs oxygen and releases carbon dioxide as waste.

the last stage is the electron transport chain (etc), also in the mitochondria. it makes most of the energy (around 32–34 atp). oxygen is very important here because it helps form water as a byproduct, and without it, this stage can’t happen.

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Based on the video, i learned that the cellular respiration is the process that cells use to break down glucose and oxygen to produce ATP, which is the main source of energy for the cell.

Cellular respiration has several stages: Glycolysis, the Intermediate Step, the Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain (ETC).

The Electron Transport Chain takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane and produces the most ATP

Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm and breaks one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH.

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What I learned from the 2 youtube videos !

- Cellular Respiration : Amoeba Sisters and Do Cells Breathe? : Crash Course Biology #27

After watching both videos, I learned that cellular respiration is how our cells turn food into energy. It’s not the same as breathing with lungs, but cells breathe in their own way.they use oxygen and release carbon dioxide to make ATP which is the energy our body needs to function. The process in the Amoeba Sisters video was explained step by step. It starts with glycolysis in the cytoplasm, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate and a bit of ATP. Then in the Krebs Cycle inside the mitochondria, more energy carriers like NADH and FADHv2 are made while carbon dioxide is released. Finally, in the Electron Transport Chain, oxygen is used to produce a large amount of ATP and water. The video also mentioned fermentation which happens when there’s no oxygen but it makes less ATP.

The Crash Course Biology video explained it in a more conceptual or theoretical way.it said that cells don’t literally breathe but still need oxygen for the chemical reactions that produce energy. When we inhale, oxygen goes to our cells, and then when we exhale, the carbon dioxide we release is actually a byproduct of cellular respiration.

So from both videos I realized that ATP is the cell’s main source of energy and without it, our bodies wouldn’t be able to move or survive. I also liked how the process was compared to a factory, wherein glucose is the fuel, oxygen keeps the machines running,and ATP is the product.

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I learned that cellular respiration is a process that provides energy for our living organisms by breaking down ATP through a series of linked metabolic pathways. It includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Each process plays a specific role and passes its products to the next. Additionally, photosynthesis, kerbs cycle, and calvin cycle are somehow related by their processes and the product they release. I find it fascinating because in a small period of time, a lot of processes happen, processes that contribute and has a huge impact on our dsily lives.

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The video talks about how cells make energy through cellular respiration and it also shows that cells use glucose and oxygen to make ATP for energy they also showed the steps including glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain and it happens in the mitochondria, known as the powerhouse of the cell this helped me understand how cells get energy to stay alive

The 2nd video, it explalins that cells use oxygen to make energy even if they don’t really breathe, it shows how cells break down glucose to produce atp and it also talks about what happens when there’s no oxygen, like in fermentation and they also compares cellular respiration to human breathingfor us to understand it better. I learned that all cells need energy to live and do their jobs

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I've learn that cellular respiration is the process that cells use to break down glucose and oxygen to produce atp, which is the main source of energy for the cell and the average human needs to use over a hundred pounds of ATP a day.

‎I also learned that it has sa several stages the Glycolysis, the Intermediate Step, the Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) by this i'm able to know that glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm and breaks one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, producing a small amount of ATP.

‎While NADH and Electron Transport Chain takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane and produces the most ATP.

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As I learned from the two videos, is vital for generating Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency powering nearly all cellular activities. While ATP production is essential across all cell types, the specific process can vary and primarily occurs within the mitochondria, the cell's "powerhouse." It includes two main types: aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen and yields more ATP, and anaerobic respiration, which occurs without oxygen and produces less ATP. The cellular respiration process consists of three stages: glycolysis, an anaerobic process in the cytoplasm where glucose is converted to pyruvate; the Krebs cycle, which occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, breaks down pyruvate, releases carbon dioxide, and generates a small amount of ATP, NADH, and FADH2; and the electron transport chain (ETC), located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where high-energy electrons are transferred, requiring oxygen and producing the majority of ATP, with oxygen acting as the final electron acceptor.

Now I know the importance of cellular respiration in my body, so thank you for this lesson. I learned about the process in my body, so I will value myself even more."

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I learned that during cellular respiration, which is an essential process that converts glucose into ATP that cells may use, oxygen aids in the breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. The video focuses on four stages: the citric acid cycle, which breaks down acetyl-CoA; the electron transport chain with oxidative phosphorylation, which produces most of the ATP; the cytoplasmic glycolysis, which breaks down glucose into pyruvate; and the transition step in the mitochondrion, where pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA. The process efficiently generates 30–32 ATP molecules per glucose molecule, which is required for aerobic organisms, as opposed to anaerobic processes like fermentation.

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11 STEM 1-INNOVATION

What I learned from watching the video is that cellular respiration is important for cells because this is where they make ATP using glucose, which is beneficial and very helpful for the cells. Glycolysis helps by breaking glucose into smaller parts, and it encouraged me to keep watching because all the functions of each part were clearly explained.

Here's my key points:

- Glycolysis (in the cytoplasm, no oxygen needed) breaks glucose into pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH.

- Krebs Cycle (in the mitochondrial matrix, requires oxygen) converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA, releasing CO2 and generating 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH2.

- Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis (in the inner mitochondrial membrane, requires oxygen) use electrons from NADH and FADH2 to create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthase, producing most ATP, with oxygen as the final electron acceptor forming water

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What I have learned ^^ - Calimli, Feride C.

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What I have learned ^^ - Calimli, Feride C.

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I’ve learned that cellular respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose, which is a type of sugar. The process involves several steps, including glycolysis, which takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell, and the Krebs cycle, which takes place in the mitochondria. The final step of cellular respiration is called oxidative phosphorylation, which takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria and generates ATP, which is the cell's main source of energy. Cellular respiration requires oxygen, so it is known as aerobic respiration.

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In the video that i watched, I learned that cellular respiration is the process in which the cells convert chemical energy into ATP, the main energy source that powers cellular activities. The video also explained that even plants, which make their own glucose through photosynthesis still need cellular respiration to break it down and release useable energy. the chemical equation shows that glucose and oxygen produce carbon dioxide, water and ATP. the video also explained that the Cellular respiration occurs in several stages like Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and Electron transport chain.

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I learned that cellular respiration is the process by which cells produce energy in the form of ATP by breaking down glucose. It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain or ETC. Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm(Outside the mitochondria) and produces a small amount of ATP. The Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria and generates more ATP and electron carriers. The electron transport chain, also in the mitochondria, uses these carriers to create a large amount of ATP. This process requires oxygen and is essential for most living organisms.

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From the Amoeba Sisters, I learned that cellular respiration is how cells turn the food we eat into usable energy in the form of ATP. The video helped me realize ATP is pretty much the main power source of every action in life, so it is an important factor for survival. The video also showed just how important this process is in keeping our cells maximally active and healthy.

From CrashCourse, I learned that mitochondria create ATP and keeps us functioning. The video discussed each step of cellular respiration and how oxygen must be presented to finish the process. I was able to appreciate how incredible it is that this small part of a cell is able to create the energy needed for everything we do, including breathing and thinking.

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In cellular respiration I learned that,it is the process by which cells break down food molecules, such as glucose, to produce energy. This energy is stored in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which the cell uses to perform all its functions, like growth, repair, movement, and maintaining homeostasis. In simpler terms, cellular respiration is how our cells “breathe” and get energy from the food we eat. And it happens in both animals and plants, and it mostly happens in a cell's Mitochondria. Cellular Respiration also has 3 main stages. Glycolysis which is the first stage, and it happens in the cytoplasm . Krebs cycle which is the 2nd stage, and Electron Transport Chain or (ETC) which is the final stage.

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By watching the two videos this is what I learned :

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down glucose and other food molecules to release chemical energy. The primary goal is to produce Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP, which serves as the energy change for the cell, powering all life activities.

The process is by this equation: Glucose+Oxygen→Carbon Dioxide+Water+Energy (ATP).

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic: The most efficient type is Aerobic Respiration, which requires oxygen.

ATP: The readily usable energy molecule of the cell.

Electron Carriers (NADH and FADH2) : These molecules act like taxis, picking up high-energy electrons during Glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle and delivering them to the Electron Transport Chain.

Oxygen's Role: Oxygen acts as the final electron accepting at the end of the ETC, combining with electrons and hydrogen  to form water. Without oxygen, the whole chain backs down and stops.

Mitochondria: Often called as the "powerhouse of the cell" because the majority of ATP production occurs in this organelle.

All food (carbohydrates, fats, proteins) must be broken down into molecules that can enter one of these three stages to generate energy. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are complementary processes that form a cycle. Photosynthesis uses Carbon dioxide and water to make Glucose, which are then used as inputs for cellular respiration.

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I have learned that cellular respiration is the process that cells use to convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide and water. Mitochondria are where much of a cell ATP is produced. ATP acts like a rechargeable battery inside cells, powering their processes. At the cellular level "breathing" means that cells use oxygen to turn food into energy, while releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product. From this 2 videos I've so many learned about Cellular Respiration that my mind has become more interesting.

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In those two videos i watched,i learned that cellular respiration is a vital metabolic process that takes place within the cells of all living organisms, primarily in the mitochondria, where complex biochemical reactions convert glucose and oxygen into usable energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Through a series of stages glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain cells systematically break down glucose molecules, releasing carbon dioxide and water as by products. This process is essential for sustaining life, as the ATP produced provides the energy required for critical cellular activities such as muscle contraction, active transport, nerve impulse transmission, and the synthesis of macromolecules. Without cellular respiration, organisms would be unable to generate sufficient energy to maintain homeostasis, grow, or carry out basic biological functions.

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Cribello, Jazmin Claire A. - 11 stem 2 Compassion 

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Cribello, Jazmin Claire A. - 11 stem 2 Compassion 

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From the amoeba sisters, the thing I learned is that even the smallest cells are important because it helps us survive and creat an Adenosine triphosphate or what we call an "ATP". And also they put efforts to produce an energy so that I can start the day without any tiredness and being exhauted even though the day just get started. It helps us to study better, and to malfunction better. Even when we're exhausted, I can think about how the cells works hard just to give us energy and how important it is in our body.

From the CrashCourse, I learned that mitochondria really are the powerhouse of a cell, their hard work is transferring energy to food and oxygen, we need these even I'm simple things such as texting your friend, doing your hobbies and studying. This is important because we need energy to live and to do the things we want to do and don't, and that's why they're important.

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11 STEM 2- COMPASSION

I learned that cellular respiration is the process by which cells produce energy from glucose and oxygen. It happens in the mitochondria and produces ATP, the main energy source of the cell. The process includes three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Oxygen is very important because it helps release large amounts of energy, while carbon dioxide and water are the waste products. Overall, the lesson taught me how essential cellular respiration is for life and how it powers every cell in living organisms.

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Barangan,Liam Gavin D. 11-stem 2 compassion

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Barangan,Liam Gavin D. 11-stem 2 compassion

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I learned from watching two videos that it explains aerobic cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells it converts the chemical into energy stored in food but the main goal in both videos is to make ATP

In Glycolysis it occurs in the cytoplasm it converts glucose into pyruvate and in Kreb cycle it occurs in the mitochondrial matrix it further breaks down the pyruvate derivatives and in electron transport chain it occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane this is the oxygen requiring step where the coenzymes power a proton gradient to drive the ATP and producing the vast majority of the ATP

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11-STEM 2 COMPASSION

After watching the videos I learned that:

Cellular respiration has the opposite formula of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis product is glucose, while cellular respiration breaks down glucose to make ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate).

Plants can do both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

If your ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)stops producing it can be deadly because it is the main source of energy in every cell in your body.

Energy is used to power important cellular processes like making sure our body maintains homeostasis or keeps our body regulated with the right balance of stuff that we need.

The average human needs to use over a hundred pounds of ATP a day.

Humans and animals are aerobic organisms as we need oxygen to live, but there are some organisms like bacteria that don't need oxygen to release and store energy which is called anaerobic respiration, to add, fermentation is a process that doesn't require oxygen.

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11- STEM 2 COMPASSION

learned that cellular respiration is the essential process our cells use to convert the food we eat into usable energy, called ATP. This process primarily happens in the mitochondria, which are the powerhouses of the cell. Without ATP, our bodies couldn't perform any functions, from thinking to moving.

The whole process has three main steps:

· Glycolysis: This is the first round, happens in the cell's jelly-like cytoplasm. It breaks glucose down and gets a little bit of ATP to start the party.

· Krebs Cycle: This is the second stage, where things get serious. It happens in the mitochondria and breaks everything down even more, releasing CO2 (which we breathe out) and making a bunch of energy-packed molecules.

· Electron Transport Chain: This is the grand finale! It uses those energy-packed molecules and oxygen to create a TON of ATP. This is why we need to breathe oxygen constantly it's the key to making most of our en

ergy.

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11 Stem 2 Compassion                      Tiffany Claire M. Cauilan

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11 Stem 2 Compassion                      Tiffany Claire M. Cauilan

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I learned from the video that cellular respiration is the way in which our cells convert the food we consume into energy that our body can utilize. I find it amazing to realize that within each cell. It begins with the food we consume, which is converted into glucose, and then our cells utilize oxygen to convert the glucose into ATP, the energy that our body needs to operate. It was interesting to me that this process occurs in various steps glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain and the bulk of it occurs in the mitochondria, which is referred to as the powerhouse of the cell. The videos made me realize how our body continuously operates at a microscopic scale to maintain us alive and active. I also found that oxygen not being available, cells are still able to produce a tiny bit of energy from fermentation and it made me appreciate how amazing our bodies are, just working away behind the scenes keeping us alive and full with energy.

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Canizo, Bavelanne May B.        11-Stem 2

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Canizo, Bavelanne May B.        11-Stem 2

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I’ve learned that cellular respiration converts glucose into energy (ATP) through glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the Electron transport chain insisde the mitochondria. When oxygen is absent, cells undergo fermentation to produce less ATP. If this process is affected, such as by cyanide, can be deadly because it blocks ATP production in the mitochondria.

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I learned that the cellular respirations is the process. it has stages that will help the cell produce energy which is the glycolysis, krebs cycle, and the Electron transport chain (ETC).

ATP stand for ' Adenosine Triphosphate'

glycolysis (oocurs cytoplasm) it broke down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.

krebs cycle (occurs mitochondrial matrix) it breaks down pyruvate to releasing carbon dioxide makes two more ATP and produces NADH.

Electric transport chain (ETC), the energy is used to pump protons creating gradient. FINAL STAGES

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PALONPON, ELIANNA VINICE L. 11-STEM 2 COMPASSION

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PALONPON, ELIANNA VINICE L. 11-STEM 2 COMPASSION

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What I Learned About Cellular Respiration

The first step where glucose was breaking down:
• Glucose is splits into two pyruvate molecules
•The pyruvate moves into the mitochondria, where it's converted into a molecule called Acetyl-CoA:
• CO₂ is released
• More NADH is made
The Krebs cycle takes over inside the mitochondrial matrix. This is where more energy carriers are produced:
• Acetyl-CoA was breaking down
• Produced 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH₂
• CO₂ is released as a waste product
The biggest energy production happens in the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis, they are located in inner membrane of the mitochondria:
• NADH and FADH₂ are used to create a proton gradient
• ATP synthase uses the gradient to produce around 26–34 ATP
• Oxygen is the final electron acceptor, forming water
Finally, I learned about fermentation, which is a backup energy process:
• Happens when there’s no oxygen
• Produces ATP without using mitochondria
• Less efficient than cellular respiration

In Crash Course Video, I learned that there are parts of the cell that produces ATP, and the process of cellular respiration that is involved with these three major stages:

1. Glycolysis
• Converts glucose into pyruvate
• Creates 2 ATP and 2 NADH
• Is anaerobic

2. Citric Acid Cycle (in mitochondria)
• Pyruvate is oxidized to CO₂
• Yields 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH₂ per turn
• Charges up energy carriers for the following stage

3. Oxidative Phosphorylation
• Attaches NADH and FADH₂ to the electron transport chain
• Makes ATP synthase work by the proton transfer
• Gives away roughly 30 ATP for every glucose
• The oxygen is involved as the final electron acceptor forming water

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The videos helped me appreciate how incredible our cells are. They work tirelessly to break down glucose and convert it into energy using glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. It's like a well-oiled factory within our bodies, with the mitochondria being the powerhouse. I also found fascinating how cells can switch to fermentation when oxygen is absent, demonstrating how versatile life can be.

I discovered that cellular respiration isn't only a process it's what sustains us and keeps us going every second. It generates the energy that makes all that our body does possible, and learning about it makes me realize how crucial healthy cells and mitochondria are to our health

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Rhein Cyrus Lacuesta 11 STEM2 Compassion

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Rhein Cyrus Lacuesta 11 STEM2 Compassion

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In the video that I watched. I have the knowledge that is how our cells turn the food we eat into the energy(ATP) we need to function. Both the Amoeba Sisters and Crash Course Biology videos helped me understand that mitochondria really are the "powerhouses of the cell" because theyre where most of this energy making happens. It all starts with glycolysis which happens in the cytoplasm and breaks down glucose into two pyruvate molecules, giving us a little bit of ATP(energy) and some NADH. Then the pyruvate heads into the mitochondria where it goes through the Krebs cycle. This step makes more NADH and FADH₂( also a coenzyme) and also releases carbon dioxide as a waste product. The last and most important step is the electron transport chain, which happens in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. The NADH and FADH₂ drop off electrons, and as those electrons move through the chain they help pump protons across the membrane. This builds up a proton gradient, and those protons rush back through an enzyme called ATP synthase, which spins and makes a bunch of ATP like around 32-34 ATP molecules per glucose. At the end, the electrons, protons, and oxygen combine to make water(H₂o). All of this is happening inside our cells all the time just to keep us alive.