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Occupational therapy was used in the first world war to treat soldiers with serious injuries such as war neurosis to help them return to their duties as soon as possible.

Poetry and creative writing as well as photography was used after the war to encourage soldiers with PTSD to reconnect with society in a new way.

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Global expansion and recognition 1940-1960s

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Global expansion and recognition 1940-1960s

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Following World War II, occupational therapy achieved notable recognition, especially in Europe, North America, and Australia. As the rehabilitation of war veterans emerged as a significant global requirement, the field broadened its focus to address not only physical injuries but also psychological and social challenges related to trauma (Kielhofner, 2002).

The World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) was established in 1952 to encourage global cooperation and create standardized practices for Occupational Therapy. This initiative was vital in bringing together national groups and forming a unified worldwide profession (WFOT, 2020). The WFOT remains a platform for advocacy and the advancement of global standards.

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In ancient Greek physicians prescribed occupations in the treatment of mental and physical illnesses (Paterson, 2008).

Galen, a student of Hippocrates, prescribed showers, sweating and sunbathing (Paterson, 2008). While Asclepides of Bithynia frequently prescribed fresh air, exposure to light, healthy diet, massages, exercise, music and wine.

For patients with less severe disorders Galen promoted travel as a form of treatment. He also encouraged partaking in discussions and attending lectures to his well read patients (Paterson. 2008).

The use of occupations has also been noted in Ancient Egypt, specifically during the second and third dynasty (Ziskind & Halioua, 2009).

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In the early 1900 not many women had the opportunity to go to college, instead they went to Finishing School. This formed a crucial part in establishing OT because the ladies had a real commitment to the social needs and causes of their communities.

The mother of OT, Eleanor Clarke Slagle, as well as the other female founders, started the trend of a new generation of professional women in 1917-1937. Their backgrounds in teaching, nursing and social work played a pivotal role in shaping the field of OT. After this women started contributing by formalising the training and professional standards for the field.

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Find Eleanor Clark Slagle profile here, she is founder of occupational therapy. She got Lectureship Award of the American Occupational Therapy Association.

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1.Kielhofner,G.(2002).Model of Human Occupation:Theory and application(3rd ed).Lippincott Williams &Wilkins

2.World federation of Occupational Therapist (WFOT).(2022).The history of WFOT,Retrieved from www.WFOT.Org

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. Individuals with mental health disorders were confined and concealed from society as they were seen as threatening. Development projects like asylums were established, and occupational therapists contributed valuable insights.

. As the 1800s approached, the advantages of engaging in occupations became increasingly recognised. Participation in ADLs and IADLs was promoted alongside arts and crafts, leading to the establishment of the national society for the advancement of occupational therapy (currently referred to as AOTA), enabling more clients to access occupational therapy services.

. OT became more established,the profession and it's principle continued to spread around the world.The implementation of OT assistance also served as a catalyst greatly increasing the availability and ease of access for OT services

-The mindset of OTs continued to grow,broadening to include the number of additional treatment modalities.

-Occupation Therapy now leads the industry in the study and treatment of sensory integration dysfunctions

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450+ Occupational Therapist Stock Illustrations, Royalty-Free Vector Graphics & Clip Art - iStock

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Choose from Occupational Therapist stock illustrations from iStock. Find high-quality royalty-free vector images that you won't find anywhere else.

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William Rush Dunton Jr. is seen as the Father of Occupational Therapy. He got his degree in medicine in 1893, but his passion lied at helping people heal through occupations. So he was an advocate for occupational engagement and later he formed the National Society for Promotion of Occupational Therapy.

William was an author of many books and articles.

He wrote that, “Occupation is as necessary as food and drink!”

In the textbook we study today “Williard and Spackman’s Occupational Therapy” contains 13 of Mr. Dunton’s articles!

The last interesting fact about Mr. Dunton is that he encouraged his patients to pursue quilt-making and became an avid quilt maker himself!

He said that the colours were pleasing to his patients and the cutting and sewing helped to take his patients’ minds off their inner problems.

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THE HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY DURING WORLD WAR II

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THE HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY DURING WORLD WAR II

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•During World War II, Occupational Therapy became a crucial part if medical care for wounded soldiers

•Occupational Therapists worked in hospitals, addressing the physical,emotional and psychological needs for injured personnel, which significantly contributed to rhe rehabilitation process

• They utilised activities such as Art,Crafts,Woodworking,Gardening,and sports to promote physical strength, coordination and dexterity

•Occupational Therapists worked closely with mental professionals and also provided counselling and support for individuals dealing with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD) or other mental health conditions resulting from their war time

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OT developed skills in areas like amputee rehabilitation, prosthetics, and psychiatric care to address the anticipated needs of wounded soldiers.

Collaboration with other healthcare professionals: OTs began working closely with other healthcare professionals, such as physical therapists, nurses, and physicians, to provide comprehensive care.

## Wartime Contributions (1941-1945)