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Bootlegging in Atlantic city

In Atlantic City, prohibition was essentially unenforced by the local authorities. Atlantic City is known by those seeking alcohol. The city's beachfront location and docks allowed rum runners to bring their goods to shore. Boss Nucky Johnson was an Atlantic City political boss and racketeer who unofficially ran the Republican political machine that controlled Atlantic City and Atlantic Country from 1910-the to the 1930s. He was allegedly involved in promoting bootlegging during prohibition, illegal gambling activities, and prostitution.

Bootlegging in New York City

Bootlegging enriched criminals throughout America, and New York became America's center for organized crime, with bosses such as Salvatore Manranzano, Charles "Lucky" Luciana, and Frank Costello. At the height of Prohibition in the late 1920s, there were 32,000 speakeasies in New York alone. Speakeasies were ill-kept secrets, and owners exploited low-paid police officers with payoffs to look the other way.

Bootlegging in Philadelphia

Philadelphia's location enabled deliveries of alcohol on ships from Canada, Europe, and the Caribbean. Numerous Bootlegging gangs serviced the city alongside Philadelphia bootlegging kings, Max Hoff(1895-1941) and Mickey Duffy(1888-1931). Philadelphia's bootleg trade depended on the region's roads, rail routes, and waterways. Philidelphia was the worst prohibition violator in the economy, allowing its citizens considerable ease and freedom to obtain intoxicating beverages.

Bootlegging in Chicago

During the prohibition, there was practically a speakeasy on every corner, similar to Starbucks or Caribou coffee today. Prohibition went into effect on January 17, 1920, and was repealed on December 5, 1933, with the ratification of the 21st Amendment. Chicago became a major center of bootlegging, with gangsters such as Al Capone and his rivals controlling the illegal alcohol trade. There was also a lot of gang warfare, corruption, political activism, and also a repeal. In the early 1920s, the Genna brother's gang provided hundreds of needy people in the Little Italy section of Chicago with "alky cookers", to make small batches of homemade liquor in their kitchens. George Moran was the top Chicago bootlegger in the 1920s.

Key terms:

Prohibition and the 18th Amendment

Prohibition was the legal act of prohibiting the manufacture, storage of barrels, bottles, transportation, and sales of alcohol including alcoholic beverages.

The 18th Amendment declared that the production, transport, and sale of intoxicating liquors is illegal, although it did not outlaw the actual consumption of alcohol.

Bootlegging

Bootlegging was the illegal manufacture, transport, distribution, or sale of alcoholic beverages, during the prohibition period, which was from 1920-1933.

How did the 18th Amendment affect the U.S. during the 1920s?

The sudden effect of the 18th Amendment on the United States was the sudden effect of the ending and taking of illegal alcohol manufacturing

Prohibition created a huge demand for alcohol bought illegally. Gangsters took advantage of prohibition by bootlegging trade.

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The Palmer Raids

The Palmer raids were a series of violent and abusive law-enforcement raids directed at the leftist radicals and anarchists in 1919 and 1920. Named after Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, with assistance from J. Edgar Hoover, the raids and subsequent deportations proved disastrous and sparked a debate about constitutional rights.

The Sacco/Vanzetti case

Sacco and Vanzetti were charged with committing robbery and murder at the Slater and Morrill shoe factory in South Braintree. On the afternoon of April 15, 1920, payroll clerk Frederick Parmenter and security guard Alessandro Berardelli were shot to death and robbed of over $15,000 in cash. The arrest and subsequent trial of Sacco and Vanzetti occurred at a time of great tension and unrest in the U.S. Although Sacco and Vanzetti were never implicated in acts of violence, they were Italian immigrants and avowed anarchists.

Key terms:

What caused the Red Scare of the 1920s?

The red scare was caused by the Bolshevik revolution in Russia, which led many to fear the immigrants, mainly from Russia, would overthrow the U.S. government.

What were the Palmer raids?

The Palmer raids were an attempt to arrest foreign individuals to protect American ideals and ensure domestic safety.

Why has the Sacco/Vanzetti case become such a prominent court case in American History?

It raised questions in America's political and social system.

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Three sports dominated the decade, professional baseball, college football, and boxing. Babe Ruth, the most famous athlete of the decade, had a greater impact on professional baseball than any single player in history. At the beginning of the 1920s, the sport gained the spotlight from the Black Sox scandal. After the scandal, public confidence in the integrity of the game was low. But Ruth won over fans by belting bunches of home runs. Ruth hit fifty-four home runs in 1920 and in 1927 he smashed sixty. During the decade, football was primarily a college game. Players such as Harold Grange of the University of Illinois and Ernie Nevers of Stanford were masters of the game. But professional football took root at the beginning of the decade with the establishment of the American Professional Football Association. Also in the 1920's there was a special era for boxing, with ring legends such as Jack Dempsey, Gene Tunney, and Benny Leonard, making headlines. The greatest fight was in the 1920s because of its celebrated and controversial "long count".

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Some music genres from the 1920s were blues, swing music, jazz, and country music. Louis Armstrong was an American trumpeter and vocalist. He was one of the more popular jazz musicians, and the energetic, swinging momentum of his playing was a major influence on soloists in every genre of American music. One of the songs he wrote was called Hello Dolly. Jimmie Rodgers was an American singer/songwriter and musician who rose to popularity in the 1920s. One of his songs was Blue Yodel. He was important because he was widely known as the "father of country music".

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Hiram Evans was an "imperial wizard" of the KKK. He was also an American dentist and political activist. In 1920 Evans joined the KKK and devoted most of his time to its support. The causes of Racial Tension in the 1920's were immigration and competition for jobs and resources. The Dr. Ossian Sweet Case was an arrest and charge set against Dr. Sweet, with the murder after a member of a white mob attacked his home and was shot and killed.

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Three inventions from the 1920s were the traffic light, television, and penicillin. Traffic lights were created by William Potts and they consisted of three-color, four-way traffic signals in 1920. It used only red and green lights. The television inventor was Scottish, his name was Jogn Logie Baird. Baird 30 line images were the first demonstrations of television by reflected light rather than back-lit silhouettes. In the 1920s, Alexander Fleming changed the course of medicine. He introduced penicillin, which created the antibiotic age, that forever changed medicine in the United States.