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The article explores the topic of biases against women in science based fields and emphasizes that societal expectations rather than personal ability lead to gender differences in STEM.

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Angela Saini, a science journalist, wrote an in-depth analysis in Inferior: How Science Got Women Wrong of the research claiming that brains come in two different forms determined by sex. According to Saini, the psychological differences - differences in mathematical reasoning, spatial awareness, performance in tests - between males and females are extremely small. They only happen at an individual level, and cannot be applied to an entire gender group. The differences are measured in standards of deviation; while the average standard of deviation in height between men and women in the UK is two, for example, the author explains that the standard of deviation in psychological differences is only a fraction of one.

"There is scientific research that contradicts this. Some studies show small psychological differences, and then extrapolate them," says Saini. "Those studies are evidence of bias or mistake. Research actually shows that the gender inequality that we see in society is not matched by the psychological differences between men and women that we see in tests."

For Saini, this is why we shouldn't be surprised that girls and boys perform similarly in STEM disciplines at school. But young girls then make a strategic choice to depart from scientific careers - because making their way into heavily male-dominated domains is likely to be more challenging. It is the imposter syndrome: a female scientist will feel more pressure to perform better and prove her legitimacy.

"When you are underrepresented, it does put the spotlight on you, and people expect more from you," Saini says. "It's not nice. I still chose to do it, but I can understand why other girls didn't make that choice."
Read more: The sorry saga of the British school that innovated itself to death
For Donald, another factor at play is that the British education system has not been set up so as to build girls' confidence to choose scientific subjects. For instance, students only get to choose three subjects for their A-levels. That's the least expansive curriculum in Europe for those aged 16 to 18, and it has resulted in students increasingly tending to be categorised as either artistic or scientific.

In other countries, the gap may be narrower because the scientific pathways still include a large variety of disciplines such as history and geography or philosophy. In France, 31 per cent of girls studied for a scientific baccalaureate in 2015, compared to 38 per cent of boys.

"You have to make your A-levels choices at a terribly unconfident age of adolescence," says Donald. "That choice is science or the arts. So girls who are even only a little bit unsure about their scientific competence are likely to give up science altogether."

While she persevered, Donald recognises that not all 14-year-old girls have the necessary support to boost their confidence in that moment. She believes that such support should be found in the education system. In the British Science Association's Presidential Address, which she delivered in 2015, she said: "Figures suggest that only around 5 per cent of primary school teachers have any sort of specialist science teaching qualification. If a school doesn't have a single science teacher in its entire workforce, there may be none qualified or confident with whom to talk the ideas through. This is not likely to get children off to a good start in their exploration of the world around them."

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Talent isn't keeping women away from science. Sexism, stereotypes and bad science are

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Girls are equally able at STEM-related subjects at school, but are reluctant to choose them for a career. That is linked to a lack of confidence. We're only just starting to tackle the problem

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I'm becoming more interested in finding articles and stories that talk about women's issues with societal biases and lack of good quality education because of gender and even race.

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I was specifically looking at stories and articles basing in India and found this which mentions how 43% of women made up the graduates in STEM but only 27% of them actually entered the STEM workforce, experts said that this issue mainly stemmed from societal bias.

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How Nasscom Foundation and tech firms are empowering women in STEM | India News - Times of India

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India News: Despite a high percentage of female STEM graduates in India, a significant number remain jobless due to a lack of digital skills and industry exposure

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I was looking at different organizations that empowered women in science and came across this organization which has over 7,000 members and ensures women all over the world reach their full potential.

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A 50-year History of Championing Women in Science Founded in 1971, AWIS has been the leading advocate for women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to achieve business growth, social change, and innovation. With over 30 grassroots chapters, we are dedicated to driving excellence in STEM by achieving equity and full participation of women. […]

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My mom let me know that my aunt is a member of SWE, or Society of Women Engineers. This organization supports women engineers and empowers them by giving them a voice in the engineering industry.

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For more than six decades, SWE has given women engineers a unique place and voice within the engineering industry.

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I found a section in the files I was reading about gender equality and found that there's been little improvement in a lot of issues and even insufficient progress when it comes to representing women and their rights.

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While improvements have been made from when this movement was started, there's still a lot more that can be done to bring down the violence against women and girls.

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Women's Empowerment in science, tech, and innovation

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Women's Empowerment in science, tech, and innovation

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While looking through the Gender Equality and women's empowerment section of the website, I ended up looking through the documents they had and I came across this one specifically which mentioned that women don't even make up 30% of global researchers and that the reason many women aren't employed in this field is not due to lack of abilities, but by stereotypes and lack of access to tech and digital skills.

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I was looking at the 2024 report for the election year and was surprised to see that women holding parliament seats went up by just 0.3%.

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This update highlights the slow progress toward achieving the goal of gender equality. It says that none of the issues have been met, with many still being far from their targets due to persistent systemic issues like gender discrimination, lack of legal protection, and an insufficient amount of data. It mentions the need for stronger political investment and inclusive action to accelerate progress. This shows that progress toward gender equality has recently slowed, and none of the criteria have been met, meaning there is still a long way to go when trying to achieve gender equality.

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One thing that caught my eye about gender equality was the topics. They mention ending discrimination and violence against women, recognizing the value of women, ensuring that they have access to the proper healthcare, and reforming our society to suit women.

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A topic I was super interested based on first glance was gender equality. I thought it was interesting because I can relate to it because i'm a woman myself but also it's always been a topic that I am passionate about and that I have very strong opinions when it comes to gender equality.

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Since its creation 70 years ago, the UN has achieved important results in advancing gender equality, from the establishment of the Commission on the Status of Women - the main global intergovernmental body exclusively dedicated to the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women - through the adoption of various landmark agreements such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action.

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Why are there so many kidnappings and trafficking cases of women in Kazakhstan?

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Do higher gender inequality rates have any correlation with the increased rates of sex trafficking across Mexico City?

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What strategies can we use to prevent sex trafficking in Mexico City?

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The rescue of 26 women, including two minors, from human trafficking operations in Cancun is extremely awful. The women were exploited for cheap labor and even had some of that money taken from them. Thankfully, the women were eventually rescued by the police. This horrific crime operation took place in a well populated area of Cancun, which tells that even touristy areas like Cancun can still hide these awful crimes.

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Cancun, Q.R. - More than two dozen women were removed from places of prostitution during a Cancun police operation. Police searched two buildings Friday night, locating 26 females.

Two of those located are reported to be 16 and 17 year old minor teens. Of the woman found, 21 were Mexican and five Colombian.

"The State Attorney General's Office and National Guard executed a search warrant at two properties in Cancun where they rescued 26 women, victims of human trafficking for the purpose of prostitution," authorities said.

"The investigation was carried out on properties located in Supermanzana 66, Calle 22 after police received an anonymous complaint reporting the properties were being used as prostitution centers, where minors between the ages of 16 and 17 were found.

"The State Attorney General's office requested and obtained from a judge the respective search warrant, which was executed on May 9, resulting in the rescue of 26 female victims: 21 of Mexican nationality and five Colombian."

According to police, "the victims provided sexual services for 250 pesos per client, of which they paid a 70-peso commission to a woman who would come by every two days to collect the money, earning approximately 40,000 pesos a week."

The rescued women were taken to the State Attorney General's Office for the necessary procedures.

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Police remove more than two dozen victims of human trafficking from Cancun buildings - Riviera Maya News

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Cancun, Q.R. -- More than two dozen women were removed from places of prostitution during a Cancun police operation.

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This report shows that women suffered from torture, disappearances, and killings because of the military and police. The women were beaten, waterboarded, shocked, and sexually tortured. All of this was done by the police extracting confessions or information that often wasn’t true. Many of these women were just regular civilians, and they didn’t get justice because very few were investigated, let alone held responsible. The very people who were supposed to be protecting the people from criminals and gangs who do this have become the ones doing it themselves.

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This article talks about how two big gangs in Mexico City, the Tepito Union and the Tlahuac Cartel, are trafficking women using both the streets and online social media like OnlyFans. They trick women from other states with fake job offers, then move them through highways, sometimes with help from corrupt police. Once the women are in the city, they’re forced to work and give money to the gangs, even if they work independently. It’s terrifying how they use technology and power to control the women involved in this. This shows that more needs to be done to protect women and stop the gangs and cartels.

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This article talks about a report that found five places in Mexico City where gangs like the Tlahuac Cartel and La Union Tepito use hotels to traffic and exploit women. These gangs work with traffickers who are allied with these gangs to force women into sex work at the locations. The police created a map indicating the red zones and visited the places where they saw things like clothes hanging out of windows. It’s truly heartbreaking that these gangs use regular places to hide such awful crimes. More needs to be done to stop human trafficking, not only in Mexico City but in the whole world.

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This article is about a documentary called "Kenya", which follows a trans sex worker named Kenya in Mexico City after her friend Paola is murdered by a client. Even though there's proof against the guy who killed Paola, he’s set free, which shows how the justice system fails trans women. Kenya turns this tragedy into action by organizing protests and making sure Paola is buried and recognized as a woman. The documentary doesn’t just focus on the tragedy of the situation but highlights Kenya’s determination to fight for her friend and the trans community.

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The linked report above is called “Surviving Death: Police and Military Torture of Women in Mexico,” and it tells the stories of 100 women who were arrested and brutally mistreated by police and soldiers. These women suffered horrific tortures, they were beaten, electrically shocked, suffocated, sexually assaulted, and even raped with objects just to force them to confess to crimes that they didn’t commit. Many tried to report their torture, but only a few cases were even investigated, let alone served justice. It’s disturbing to read how people in power use torture and SA on women, yet still get away with it. The Government should actually take accountability by stopping the violent torture of women and protecting them while punishing the actual villains in society.

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I want to research the sexual trafficking of women, which must be addressed to reach SDG 5. I will focus on Mexico City and implementing shelters/services for anyone who needs them. I want to research this because I hate seeing so many people(mainly women) suffer these cruel crimes while the people who commit them get away with it. I also wish people could understand why people get into exploitative work and jobs in the first place, and why no matter what job someone has, it's never an excuse to be sexually exploited without consent or will.

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How can we reduce the sex trafficking of women in Mexico City by implementing shelters