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BIOL 140 Lab 4
Ashley Bialorke, Isabella Lessley, and Bryanna Martin
February 12, 2023

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(Bryanna’s recourses)
https://media.greenpeace.org/archive/Black-Bears-in-Canadian-Boreal-Forest-27MZIFJJ26TUB.html

https://kids.kiddle.co/White_fir

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2020.00097/full#h1

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Interesting fact: they provide their hosts with soil nutrients and water in exchange for plant carbon

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Boreal forests cover fast expanses in Canada, Russia, and Alaska.
Growing seasons are short and winters are severe as snow cover can last for several months.
Elevation: 400 meters to 1,000 meters
This biome is dominated by needle-leaved conifers, deciduous hardwoods, with extended cold winters and short mild summers.
Average temperature in summer: 21 °C
Average temperature in winter: -54 °C

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Interesting fact: white fir live over 300 years and naturally occur at an elevation between 900-3,400 m. Also used for Christmas trees.

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Interesting fact: they are known to mark trees with their teeth and claws as a form of communication with other bears

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Boreal Forest:
Producers: conifers, small shrubs, moss and grass

Primary Consumers: rabbits, moose, deer, voles, shrews, reindeer and caribou

Secondary Consumers: bobcats, lynx, and carnivorous birds

Tertiary Consumers: bears and hawks

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Clear-cuts and roads lead to fragmentation of the boreal forest. Source: World Resources Institute

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Disturbances: Oil and gas developments like other industrial projects within the Boreal Forest have a significant impact on the boreal forest's scenery and ecology. Pipelines, roadways, and open pit mines created by humans can cause numerous wildlife species that depend on expansive, unaltered landscapes to be displaced.

Solutions: A few things that can be done to protect the Boreal Forests is to stop logging, oil, gas, and mining companies from destroying the planet's last intact old-growth forests. We can also start planting trees on sites where forests have been cleared can help restore ecosystems that have been harmed. Also, encourage more people to lead environmentally friendly lives and create parks to safeguard wildlife and rainforests.

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(Isabella's Sources)
Impacts on boreal forests and biodiversity. Impacts on Boreal Forests and Biodiversity - Regional Aquatics Monitoring Program (RAMP). (n.d.). Retrieved February 11, 2023, from http://www.ramp-alberta.org/river/boreal/impacts.aspx#:~:text=Oil%20and%20gas%20developments%2C%20like,depend%20on%20large%20intact%20landscapes.
- The Narwhal. (2023, February 11). Why Canada's Boreal Forest is gaining international attention. The Narwhal. Retrieved February 11, 2023, from https://thenarwhal.ca/why-canadas-boreal-forest-is-gaining-international-attention/

-Biomes, B. P. (n.d.). Boreal Forest Climate (dfc). Blue Planet Biomes - Taiga Climate. Retrieved February 12, 2023, from https://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/taiga_climate.php