# data[].attributes.body
Health to me is not only the state of physical well-being but also mental, and social well-being, in which an individual is unaffected by an illness, injury, or disease. And the individual is capable of doing day-to-day tasks.

# data[].attributes.body
For me, the most relevant aspect of the competency standard 12.3 was 'dignity and respect when providing culturally responsive care to people from migrant and refugee background'. This is relevant because not only is dignity and respect a fundamental human right, but when a clinician treats a patient with dignity and respect, it allows the patient to feel comfortable, valued, and supported. Having learned, how to treat patients with dignity and respect over the last semester, I now feel that I am capable of caring for patients who have different cultures to me. This understanding of dignity and respect is essential for me in the workplace because I will be able to care for my future patients with the dignity and respect that they deserve, no matter what their culture is, whether they are a migrant and/or refugees. All patients should be treated with dignity and respect, treating patients with respect will allow them to treat the clinician with respect as well.

Migrant & Refugee Women's Health Partnership (2019). Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds.

# data[].attributes.headline
Social Determinants for Migrant/Refugee Health in Australia

# data[].attributes.subject
Social Determinants for Migrant/Refugee Health in Australia

# data[].attributes.body
The three social determinants for migrant/refugee health in Australia include:
1. working life conditions
2. food insecurity
3. housing, basic amenities, and the environment

(n.d.). Social determinants of health. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1

# data[].attributes.headline
Principal health issues that refugees face

# data[].attributes.subject
Principal health issues that refugees face

# data[].attributes.body
Three common health concerns listed on the Australian refugee health practice guide that are likely to be present in people arriving from Myanmar are malaria, Hepatitis B Virus, and mental health.

Malaria:
malaria is a disease that is caused by a parasite that infects a specific type of mosquito that feeds on humans. Malaria often causes severe symptoms including high fevers, shivers, and flu-like symptoms. One treatment option available to refugees from Myanmar who have tested positive for malaria is recommended by WHO (World Health Organisation) is artemether/lumefantrine and should be documented on a health manifest that accompanies the individual.

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV):
Hepatitis B is a viral illness that causes both acute and chronic liver damage. The virus is most typically transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy and delivery, as well as in early infancy, by contact with blood or body fluids during sex with an affected partner, unsafe injections, or exposure to sharp tools (WHO, 2023). One treatment available to refugees from Myanmar who have tested positive for HBV includes further assessment and follow-up with clinical assessment, abdominal ultrasound & blood tests that are required.

Mental Health:
Mental health is a condition of mental well-being that allows people to cope with life's stressors, develop their strengths, study and work productively, and contribute to their community. Mental disorders and psychosocial disabilities, as well as other mental states linked with considerable suffering, disability in functioning, or risk of self-harm, are examples of mental health issues (WHO, 2023). One treatment available to refugees from Myanmar who have a mental health condition is health consultations and discussions about mental health may be a source of significant anxiety for some individuals, although concerns about mental health may only emerge over time, as trust develops.

(n.d.). Common health concerns - all ages. Australian Refugee Health Practice. https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/

(2023). Malaria. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/faqs.html#:~:text=Malaria%20is%20a%20serious%20and,%2C%20and%20flu%2Dlike%20illness.

(2023). Hepatitis B. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b

(2023). Mental Health. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response

# data[].attributes.body
My parents were both born in Myanmar, which was formally known as Burma. My mum's side of the family currently live here in Perth, my dad's an only child and his parents still live in Burma.

CULTURAL CELEBRATIONS:
There are many cultural celebrations, but the most significant celebration to me is 'Shinbyu' which is a Buddhist ceremony, for both boys and girls, some as young as 3 years old. Boys join the monastery as novice monks, most young boys stay for a short period of time like a week, but some older boys can stay from a couple of months to years, and may become fully ordained monks. The traditional clothing for both genders is dressing in dazzling gold silks to look like a royal prince and/or princess. The boys are led on horseback, and the girls on a cow carriage. Once we are at the monastery, the monks shave the boy's head and their clothes are exchanged for a simple saffron robe.

Another cultural celebration is called 'Thingyan' which is a water festival, that usually occurs in the middle of April.
Thingyan Eve - Burmese people go to temples and pagodas to offer to monks, wash the Buddha image, and pray. During the evening, people start to sing and dance in the neighbourhoods across the country.
Water Fighting Festival - This is the time to soak other people with water with pots full of water, buckets, and even water guns. We do this, as we believe that water can drive out bad luck and bring good health.

During this festival, there are many rules but the main rule is, DO NOT splash water on monks, elderly, pregnant women, and young babies.

# data[].attributes.body
There are many traditional foods, but there are far too many to name all of them.
1. Mohinga: this is a bowl of rice noodles in a fish-based soup, cooked with tripe, and eggs and sprinkled with coriander.

2. Sticky rice with shredded coconut: this meal can be considered a dessert, but it can also be eaten as a main meal with curries.
3. Lapet Thohk: this is a green tea salad, it's made from pickled tea leaves, with peanuts, fried prawns, lime and chilli.
3. Burmese Falooda: this is a dessert that contains rose water with milk and tapioca pearls, personally I like to add ice cream to my cup.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Aung Ta Gon (picture above), contains lime and is for digestion. There is also a tumeric version of this as well.
2. Htun Shwe War and Lingzhi are balms that is applied on the chest, similar to Vicks Vapo rub.
3. Skineal is an anti-inflammatory cream that is used mainly applied to mosquito bites.

# data[].attributes.body
Popular sport in Burma is soccer (football), golf, and cricket.
1. Chinlone is a traditional sport that is may also be known as caneball. This sport is not easy and requires a lot of technique, the players pass the ball back and forth using their feet, knees, and their heads, while moving in a circle.
2. Lethwei is a Burmese kickboxing style of martial arts, it shares similarities to Muay Thai, Pradel Serey, and Muay Lao

# data[].attributes.body
Almost 90% of Myanmar is Buddhist. Ethnic minorities such as the Chin, Kachin, Karin, and Rohingya, (Harvard Divinity School, 2018). Buddhism has four noble truths, one of which is pain. Buddhism emphasises compassion and kindness for one another while emphasising positive deeds and avoiding extremes. Buddhism believes in reincarnation and thinks that current acts influence future lives after death. Buddhism, which considers nature sacred, influences society to maintain the environment. One plausible explanation for this belief is that Buddha died under a tree. However, the majority of Buddhists continue to believe in animistic ideas, which claim that non-living things have spirits as well (Sawe, 2017).

Harvard Divinity School (2018). Conflict in Myanmar. Religion and Public Life. https://rpl.hds.harvard.edu/religion-context/case-studies/violence-peace/conflict-myanmar#:~:text=Nearly%2090%25%20of%20the%20country,populations%20of%20Christians%20and%20Muslims.

Sawe, B. E. (n.d.). Religious Beliefs In Myanmar (Burma). WorldAtlas. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/religious-beliefs-in-myanmar-burma.html

# data[].attributes.body
Longyi is clothing for both men and women, a longyi is similar to a sarong. Longyi is commonly worn for special occasions, such as 'Shinbyu' and to pagodas as they have dress requirements. If a tourist wears shorts or a skirt above their knee, they are given a longyi to cover up, as it is disrespectful to reveal too much skin.
Men used to wear a white collar buttoned-up shirt with a longyi, today men may wear casual clothing with a longyi. Women wear a waist-length blouse called 'eingyi', which can be worn with a shawl for religious or formal occasions.

# data[].attributes.body
This is what girls wear for 'Shinbyu'.

# data[].attributes.body
This is what boys wear for 'Shinbyu' and they ride on horses