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Clinton, J. (2018). Teaching Strategies that Address Trauma and Resilience. The Learning Exchange.
http://thelearningexchange.ca/videos/jean-clinton-teaching-strategies-that-addresstrauma-and-resilience/

Krasnoff, B. (2016). Culturally responsive teaching: A guide to evidence-based practices for teaching all students equitably. Education Northwest.
https://educationnorthwest.org/sites/default/files/resources/culturally-responsiveteaching-508.pdf

Ontario Government. (2016). Supporting Students with Refugee Backgrounds. Capacity Building Series.
http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/literacynumeracy/inspire/research/cbs_refugees.pdf

Ontario Government. (2013). Culturally Responsive Pedagogy Towards Equity and Inclusivity in Ontario
Schools. Capacity Building Series. http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/literacynumeracy/inspire/research/CBS_ResponsivePedagogy.pdf

Ramirez, P. & Silva, M. (2014). Secondary English Learners: Strengthening Their Literacy Skills Through Culturally Responsive Teaching. https://onq.queensu.ca/content/enforced/425222-CONT939004S20/Readings/Secondary%20English%20Learners%20Strengthening%20Their%20Literacy.%20Kappa%20Delta%20Pi.pdf?ou=425222

Rychly, L. & Graves, E. (2012). Teacher Characteristics for Culturally Responsive Pedagogy. https://onq.queensu.ca/content/enforced/425222-CONT939004S20/Readings/Teacher%20Characteristics%20for%20Culturally%20Responsive%20Pedagogy.%20Multicultural%20Perspectives.pdf

Toppel, K. (2015). Enhancing Core Reading Programs with Culturally Responsive Practices. The Reading Teacher. https://onq.queensu.ca/content/enforced/425222-CONT939004S20/Readings/Enhancing%20Core%20Reading%20Programs%20with%20Culturally%20Responsive%20Practices.%20The%20Reading%20Teacher.pdf?ou=425222

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"differentiate instruction and give a wide range of methods and opportunities for students to demonstrate their learning" (Ontario, 2013)

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give opportunities for partner talk (turn and talk, elbow partners) to give students from different cultures and ways of learning opportunities to use those varied means of communicating (Toppel, 2015)

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"give students opportunities to collaborate" (Toppel, 2015)

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"identify and remove barriers to enable parents to become involved with the school" (Ontario, 2016)

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"make content accessible by connecting it to students' lives outside of school" (Toppel, 2015)

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"foster relationships with students who views are culturally different from our own" (Toppel, 2015)

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"caring FOR instead of ABOUT students" (Toppel, 2015)

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"creating positive outcomes for culturally and linguistically diverse students" (Toppel, 2015)

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"have high expectations of academic ability regardless of where they are now" (Krasnoff, 2016)

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• modeling, scaffolding, and clarification of challenging curriculum

• using student strengths as starting points and building on their funds of knowledge

• investing in and taking personal responsibility for students’ success

• creating and nurturing cooperative environments

• having high behavioral expectations

• reshaping the prescribed curriculum

• encouraging relationships among schools and communities

• promoting critical literacy

• engaging students in social justice work

• making explicit the power dynamics of mainstream society

• sharing power in the classroom

(Krasnoff, 2016)

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Be curious about other cultures

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encourage relationships between school and home; bring ideas from home into the classroom to foster academic engagement (Ramirez & Silva, 2014)

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growth mindset (Clinton, 2018)

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"Knowledgeable about other cultures" - (Richly & Graves, 2012)

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"Awareness that newcomers may be having difficulty adjusting" - (Ramirez & Silva, 2014)

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"Understanding and accepting students' cultural communication styles" - (Toppel, 2015)