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“It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; nor yet we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people - women as well as men. And it is a downright mockery to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this democratic-republican government - the ballot.”

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On Women's Rights to Vote - Susan B. Anthony - 1873 - Hear the Text

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The right to divorce was almost a myth back when the reform movements had started, and it is one of the many things that the activists have earned for themselves, and all future generations. Among others, the right for fair wages, was also obtained via the Equal Pay Act, in 1963. This, like coverture was one of the aspects of women's rights that didn't get as much publicity as suffrage, and the right to reproductive health and safety was also gained throughout the years. After many cases, the right to use birth control was given, and the abortion law is still being discussed today in many states. The era of reform has given the next generation of women many things to look forward to.

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The right to vote in political elections.

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Footage of the women's suffrage movement, 1910s-20 [silent]

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Footage of the women's suffrage movement, 1910s-20 [silent]

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Difference between obtaining suffrage and abolishing coverture 

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Difference between obtaining suffrage and abolishing coverture 

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Coverture was something women had to fight slowly, with bits and bits fading away with different acts and laws, whereas suffrage was obtained by the 19th amendment.

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Coverture gave husbands full rights of all the wife’s possessions, and a right to treat them whatever way they want.

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Although important, women’s suffrage was not the only issue that activists wanted to solve. The lifestyle at the time had many constraints and difficulties, and one of the major ones were coverture. This subjected many married women to abuse. Coverture was an issue of great importance, however it was only abolished in the early to mid 1900s, in some states even continuing  into the 1960s, yet women’s suffrage was where the publicity went to, even when looked as issues in history.

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The 19th Amendment Then and Now: Lessons for the 21st Century

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Frederick Douglas was one of the few men present at the woman’s rights convention held at Seneca Falls. His support of women’s rights never wavered and he remained a constant supporter of the right for women to vote.

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Sojourner Truth was an American abolitionist and women's rights activist. She was born into slavery but escaped to freedom in 1826. She became the first black woman to win a case against a white man. In the 1851 Women's Rights Convention held in Ohio, Sojourner Truth delivered one of the most famous women's rights speeches in American history, “Ain't I a Woman?”

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Black History - Sojourner Truth "Ain't I a Woman" (Audio)

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Eight years later, they announced a women's convention in Seneca Falls, New York.

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Susan B. Anthony was one of the leaders of the women’s right movement. She campaigned for abolition and women’s education, along with the right to vote. Unfortunately she didn’t live to see the 19th Amendment pass.

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Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton at the World Anti-Slavery Convention. 

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The movement for women's rights was sparked by the friendship between Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton who met in 1840 at the World Anti-Slavery Convention. They were outraged to discover that women were not allowed to speak at the meeting.

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"What then can women do for the slave?
when she herself is under the feet of man and shamed into silence"
- Angelina Grimke

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The 19th Amendment, signed on August 18, 1920, allowed white women to vote. Unfortunately, many non-white women weren’t allowed to vote until the Voting Rights Act in 1965.

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The main issue for the lack of women's rights, was also interconnected with another reform movement, slavery. After attending an abolitionist convention, many women wanted to help, but realized exactly how powerless society had made women. That was one of many sparks to the revolutionary fire fighting for women's rights.

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The first women right convention ever held in the United States was held in 1848 in the Seneca Falls Convention. The organized movement for women's rights was about to begin.

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This is a petition signed by Fredrick Douglass Jr. and his wife for women’s suffrage rights.