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The Jurassic period began about 201 million years ago, and ended about 145 million years ago.

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Shallow sea/ oceans, pangaea split apart

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The climate in the Jurassic period was generally warm due to volcanic and sea-floor spreading which caused large amounts of carbon dioxide ( a greenhouse gas) into the atmosphere.

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Animals: Many groups of animals that are important in the modern world made their first appearance during the Jurassic period like the Diplodocus, the T-rex, the Stegosaurus, and the Apatosaurus, which were the biggest dinosaurs ever, there were also reptiles, the first birds, and the Brachiopod.

Plants: Palm Trees, Magnolia, Cycad, and Tall trees.

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/jurassic

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<p>The Jurassic period (199.6 million to 145.5 million years ago) was characterized by a warm, wet climate that gave rise to lush vegetation and abundant life. Many new dinosaurs emerged-in great numbers. Among them were stegosaurs, brachiosaurs, allosaurs, and many others.</p>

During this period, Earth's climate changed from hot and dry to humid and subtropical.

Dinosaurs, birds, and rodents. Crumbling landmasses and inland seas. Sea monsters, sharks, and blood-red plankton. Forests of ferns, cycads, and conifers. Warm, moist, tropical breezes. This was the Jurassic, which took place 199 to 145 million years ago.

At the start of the period, the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea continued and accelerated. Laurasia, the northern half, broke up into North America and Eurasia. Gondwana, the southern half, began to break up by the mid-Jurassic. The eastern portion-Antarctica, Madagascar, India, and Australia-split from the western half, Africa and South America. New oceans flooded the spaces in between. Mountains rose on the seafloor, pushing sea levels higher and onto the continents.

All this water gave the previously hot and dry climate

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The Jurassic period (199.6 million to 145.5 million years ago) was characterized by a warm, wet climate that gave rise to lush vegetation and abundant life. Many new dinosaurs emerged-in great numbers. Among them were stegosaurs, brachiosaurs, allosaurs, and many others. During this period, Earth's climate changed from hot and dry to humid and subtropical.

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The Jurassic period had a mass extinction including the stegosaurus, that was already extinct before the end of the period, meanwhile the other animals went on to live until the next period.

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Unlike other time periods, the Jurassic period did not end with a mass extinction, some species became extinct before the period ended.

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/meet-marshosaurus-the-jurassics-forgotten-predator

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I've spilled more than a little digital ink over the top carnivores of the Jurassic west. Allosaurus, Ceratosaurus, and Torvosaurus are all very dinosaur-y dinosaurs, checking the boxes for big, scary, and strange. But as I've poked around the Morrison Formation bones held at the Natural History Museum of Utah over the past few weeks, I realized I've done a disservice to ancient ecology by focusing on the flesh-rippers of the most imposing stature. There was an entire guild of Jurassic carnivores running around North America around 150 million years ago, and one of the least-known - at least to the public - is a mid-sized carnivore named Marshosaurus bicentesimus.

We know Marshosaurus was part of an wide array of predators, from tiny to giant, because of where it was found. The theropod's bones were scattered through the jumble that is Utah's Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry. Allosaurus totally dominates this site, but the bonebed has also yielded Ceratosaurus, Torvosaurus, a small tyrannosaur named Stokesosaurus, and, as Madsen, Jr. announced in 1976, Marshosaurus.

Madsen, Jr. made his case on a collection of hip bones and jaw elements that represented at least two individuals of 15-foot-long carnivorous dinosaur. That might not seem like much to go on, but the size and anatomy of Marshosaurus in comparison to its neighbors confirmed that the predator was something never before seen. This was a dinosaur that was larger than the sleek little Stokesosaurus but smaller than the biggest predators, more in the size range of a young subadult Allosaurus.

The trouble with Marshosaurus was that it was either a very rare dinosaur or it more regularly lived in environments away from the floodplains where so many of its neighbors became buried. Only a few pieces have been found at other sites, such as Dinosaur National Monument, and so most of the skeleton remains unknown. The features paleontologists have been able to spot on the assembled bones have narrowed the dinosaur's identity down to some sort of megalosaur - a cousin of its larger competitor Torvosaurus - but, for the most part, Marshosaurus remains as much of a mystery now as it was in 1976.

In order to solve the puzzle, we need more puzzle pieces. And I'm hopeful that future fieldwork might do just that. This past summer, while I was scratching away at another site near the main bonebed, paleontologists and volunteers from the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh moved tons of limestone to expose a fresh surface of the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry. Every bone, every fragment is going to be carefully uncovered and documented when next summer raises the eastern Utah temperature to a setting fit for paleontology. If we're lucky, more Marshosaurus might be waiting just below the surface.

Reference:

Madsen, J. 1976. A second new theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of east central Utah. Utah Geology. 3 (1): 51-60

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Meet Marshosaurus, the Jurassic's Forgotten Predator

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I've spilled more than a little digital ink over the top carnivores of the Jurassic west. Allosaurus , Ceratosaurus , and Torvosaurus are all very dinosaur-y dinosaurs, checking the boxes for big, scary, and strange.

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The first bird