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(a) Rejang Be'uh Dance (The Eagle Dance)

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(a) Rejang Be'uh Dance (The Eagle Dance)

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TARIAN REJANG BE'UH - REJANG BE'ÚH DANCE

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Assalammualaikum and greetings! My name is Wan Nur Alya binti Wan Ahmad Dahlan and I am taking Bachelor of Applied Studies (Hons) English for Intercultural Communication in UiTM Shah Alam Campus.

This padlet was created as my first e-Portfolio assessment for subject E1C404: Cultural Perspectives in Malaysia. I have gathered and compiled information regarding Traditional Dances for 5 selected ethnic groups in Malaysia which are Bidayuh, Chitty/Chetti, Javanese, Melanau, and Tausug.

Enjoy my work! ♡

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The Bidayuh is a group of indigenous people, commonly residing in southern Sarawak, Malaysia.

Nowadays, the Bidayuh people can be found living in several rural areas such as in Kuching, Lundu, Serian, Bau, Padawan, Siburan, and Penrissen.

The term "Bidayuh" has a meaning of "inhabitants of land" or "people of the land" as the group is traditionally known as Land Dayak. The term "Bi" means "People" whereas "Dayuh" means "Land".

Fun fact: The Bidayuh speaks more than 20 dialects and the main ones include Singai-Jagoi, Biatah, and Bukar Sadong.

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The Rejang Be'uh dance is also known as Belangi. In English, "Rejang Be'uh" is directly translated as "The Eagle Dance".

Traditionally known as Rejang Be'uh or "The Eagle Dance", this dance is one of the traditional dances performed by the Bidayuh people during the Gawai Dayak event.

According to the folklore story called "King of the Pleiades", the root of this dance is related to the history of a Bidayuh hero named Madu Sawan. The paragon was instructed by the king to combat with a legendary bird called Tingkilang Ramang, which is also known as "The Eagle Spirit". In return, the winner of the battle will obtain the rights to marry the king's daughter named Dara Buda.

During the battle, both Madu Sawan and Tingkilang Ramang danced gracefully towards one another. Their dance movements were following the slow rhythm of musical instruments such as the drums and gongs. As the fighters danced closer, they would descend their arms to attack each other. In the end, Madu Sawan won the fight and married Dara Buda.

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Photo by Google Images | Collage edited in Canva

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Gulintang
Gulintang, or also known as Kulintang or Kolintang, is a traditional musical instrument used in this dance performance. Traditionally, this musical instrument is similar to a xylophone, but a wooden one.

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Photos by Google Images | Collage edited in Canva

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Male Attire
For this traditional dance, the male dancers will often being seen performing in their own traditional attire. Accessories such as wild boar tusks necklace are also worn.

Female Attire
Similarly to the male attire, the female dancers also wear their traditional Bidayuh attire. A headdress with small bells are worn as an accessory.

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PANGALAY, DALLING 2X FT. LIYANGKIT LIVE. SABAH MALAYSIA

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The Tausug (Tau Sug/Tausog), or also known as Joloano, Sulu, and Suluk, are a distinctive ethnic group that can be found residing in eastern Sabah, Malaysia.

They can also be found in the Philippines and North Kalimantan, Indonesia.

"Tausug" brings the meaning of "people of the sea current" in English.

Historically, the Tausug were initially from the Sulu Archipelago in the Philippines. In the 18th century, the ethnic groups migrated to Sabah and established their community their as official Sabahans.

Fun fact: The Tausug speak their own language which is also called as Tausug.

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The term "Pangalay" brings the literal meaning of "temple of dance" or "temple dancing".

The choreography of this dance has a similarity to the Javanese and Thai form of dancing as some parts of the dancers' bodies need to be as flexible as possible including the shoulders, elbows, and wrists.

The form of this dance also has a similarity to a famous Southeast Asian martial art called Kuntaw Silat.

Generally, this traditional dance will often be performed during weddings and other festive events of the Tausug people.

There are alternate versions of this dance which are:

(a) Pangasik (Performed by male dancers which requires more martial art movements)
(b) Pangiluk (Performed by both male and female dancers)

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Photo by http://alunanmustika.blogspot.com/ | Collage edited in Canva

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Kulintangan

This traditional musical instrument is originally from Semporna, Sabah.

It is often being played by the Tausug and Bajau ethnic groups.

Kulintangan is made of copper metal.

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Photo by Google Images | Collage edited in Canva

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Joloano
Joloano is a traditional costume typically worn by the dancers of the Pangalay dance. It comprises various of essential clothing such as:

(a) Bright colored sawal or loose trousers
(b) Cream batawi or silk blouse
(c) Velvet tapis around the waist
(d) Red pis syabit or headdress

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Photo by Google Images | Collage edited in Canva 

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Metallic Fingernails
The Metallic Fingernails are used as the major prop for this dance performance. The fingernails are typically metallic gold or silver in color, and are attached as extensions on the fingers of the dancers.

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Tarian Alu Alu Etnik Melanau IPGK Batu Lintang (Kagum Kebudayaan)

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The Melanau, or also known as A-Likou, are a group of indigenous individuals, commonly residing in Sarawak, Malaysia.

The term A-Likou can be translated to "people of the river" in English.

The Melanau can be found residing in several swampy areas in Sarawak such as Mukah, Matu, Daro, Dalat, Bintulu, Kanowit, and Sibu.

Fun fact: In the 19th century, one of the Sultans of Brunei gave the name "Melanau" to the ethnic group.

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The Alu Alu dance is a traditional dance performed by the Melanau group and it is an essential performance during a funeral ritual.

The dance is performed to ease the families and friends of the deceased as a way to comfort them.

The Alu Alu dance will typically be performed by male dancers in the night, after approximately four days of one's passing.

According to BorneoTalk (2020), the climax of the dance happens when one of the male dancers reaches the top of a bamboo pole.

The male dancer will then spin his body on the tip of the bamboo pole according to the rhythm of the music. The bamboo pole will be supported by other male dancers below him.

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Photo by maruwian.com | Collage edited in Canva 

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Baban
For this traditional dance, the Melanau male dancers are typically seen performing in their own traditional attire called Baban. Similarly to the Malay's traditional attire for men called Baju Melayu, the Baban outfit has a samping wrapped on one's waist. A headgear inspired by the Javanese is also a part of the accessory.

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Photo by Google Images | Collage edited in Canva

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Bamboo Pole
The bamboo pole is an essential prop for this traditional dance. One of the male dancers will hold onto the pole while climbing up to reach the tip of it as a part of the dance.

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(a) Kuda Kepang Dance (Flat Horse Dance)

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(a) Kuda Kepang Dance (Flat Horse Dance)

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Kuda Kepang by Taman Seni Budaya Group Johor - Festival Tari Malaysia 2017

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Historically, the Javanese (Java), or also known as Orang Jawa, migrated to Malaysia from Central Java, Indonesia in the early 80s.

As of today, the Javanese can largely be found residing in Johor as well as certain areas of Perak, Selangor, and Kedah. A significant amount of the group can also be found in Sabah and Sarawak.

Nowadays, the Jawa language is rarely being practiced by the younger generations as they may have never learn it.

Fun fact: Most of the Javanese have a strong Islamic background as they are mainly Sunni Muslims.

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Kuda Kepang, or also known as Kuda Lumping, is a traditional dance performed by the Javanese people.

As the Javanese migrate from its land to Malaysia, this dance historically originates from its initial country which is from the Indonesian island of Java.

As of today, this dance is often being traditionally performed by the Malays in Johor specifically in Muar and Batu Pahat for certain Islamic events.

The dance form of Kuda Kepang requires 9 male dancers riding their rattan horses, 5 musicians, and 2 Tok Batin.

The tale of this dance lies on the folk story of Wali Songo, who is also known as Nine Saints of Java, who were spreading Islamic beliefs to individuals in Java. As he was having difficulties in expanding the beliefs to the locals, Wali Songo rode on a horseback to portray Islamic battle stories, and finally succeeded in his intentions which is solely through music.

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Photos by Google Images | Collage edited in Canva

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Angklung
The angklung has two parts on its body which are the tubes and square frame. The tubes are typically made of bamboo whereas rattan as the square frame. This instrument will emit a musical sound when shaken sideways by the player, and each angklung makes a single musical note where smaller tubes produce the highest pitch than the larger ones.

Drums
Traditionally known as kendhang, this musical instrument is often found being used in several other Javanese dances other than the Kuda Kepang Dance. There are a few types of drums being used for this dance including Kendhang Wayangan, Kendhang Ageng, Kendhang Ketipung, and Kendhang Ciblon. The drums are laced for its body, and are bare on each side for tapping purposes.

Gong
In Javanese culture, the gong is the most important musical instrument used in any performances. Besides using the instrument for musical purposes, the gong is used to indicate that a performance is about to begin. The player will hit the gong to attract attention as a signal for the musicians to prepare for their performances. A composition will then be played to spread the information to the audiences.

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The performers of this dance are usually men, and the attires  are inspired by the Javanese culture.

The attires and clothes are usually bright in color and the performers will occasionally dress up as soldiers.

Anklets with small bells are used as accessories.

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Photos by SooPhye | Collage edited in Canva

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Rattan Horses
Typically, the rattan horses are used as main props, which explains thoroughly about the name and origin of the dance. The horses are colorful and usually decorated with striking beads and sequins. Other than rattan, materials such as cowhide and bamboo mats are used to carve the horses.

Whips
Other than using whips for the opening performance of the dance, they are also used to keep the dancers in the dancing area. The whips are typically made of spun bamboos.

Masks
The masks used for the dance represent a princess, clown, and several types of animals such as monkeys and tigers. Historically, the masks are used to represent characters in certain stories through the dance.

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The Chitty/Chetti people, or also known as Chetti Melaka and Indian Peranakans, are a group of Tamil people who predominantly reside in Malacca.

Majority of the Chitty/Chetti people practice Hinduism, but they have also adopted Malay and Chinese cultural practices and traditions while sustaining their beliefs.

In the 15th century, several groups of South Indian traders traveled to Malacca from the Coromandel Coast. They have settled down in the area during the reign of the Melaka Sultanate and married local Malay and Chinese women. Thus, a community of "Chetti Melaka" was created.

Fun fact: The Chitty/Chetti speaks Malay that is intermingled with Tamil terms as the community is unable to speak Tamil fluently.

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Tarian Payung, or also known as Tari Payuang, is a traditional dance performed by the Chitty/Chetti people during festive events.

This dance is highly influenced by the Baba and Nyonya ethnic groups, which originates from a folk drama-dance practice by the Minangkabau people.

Traditionally, this dance is performed during festive events such as toneel, sandiwara, and wedding events.

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Photos by Wikipedia | Collage edited in Canva

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Saluang
This musical instrument is originally a traditional musical instrument of the Minangkabau people. It is essentially a flute, but made of bamboo.

Gendang
Gendang or also known as Kendang, is used as one of the musical instruments for this dance performance. The players will tap the bare sides of the gendang like drums.

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Photo by Google Images | Collage edited in Canva

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Sarong Kebaya
Female dancers of Tarian Payung will typically be seen performing in a Sarong Kebaya, which is also known as their traditionally attire influenced by the Baba and Nyonya ethnic groups.

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Photo by Wikipedia | Collage edited in Canva

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Payung (Umbrella)

For this traditional dance, the payung or an umbrella is used as the main prop. Each female dancers will often being seen dancing while holding an umbrella from the beginning until the end of the performance.

The umbrella is used to portray feelings of affection and love by the female dancers.

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Note: Slide to the right to explore and read my Padlet content.

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Reflection Report: Cultural Appreciation (PDF)

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EIC404 CULTURAL APPRECIATION AND MY PERSONAL GOALS

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Reflection Report: Cultural Appreciation (WORD)

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EIC404 CULTURAL APPRECIATION AND MY PERSONAL GOALS