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PLAN Examples of Work Y5 Earth and Space 

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PLAN Examples of Work Y5 Earth and Space 

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This document provides examples of work that meet the expectations of the knowledge statements for the Earth and space topic from Year 5 of the science National Curriculum for England. It shows examples of the work of one pupil who meets the requirements of the knowledge statements for the topic.


The activities featured are one way of delivering the content for the topic but they are not intended to illustrate a definitive way of teaching these statements.

This document provides examples of work that meet the expectations of the knowledge statements for the Earth and space topic from Year 5 of the science National Curriculum for England. It shows examples of the work of one pupil who meets the requirements of the knowledge statements for the topic.


The activities featured are one way of delivering the content for the topic but they are not intended to illustrate a definitive way of teaching these statements.

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Examples of work - Earth and space (Y5) - Isabella | PLAN

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This document provides examples of work that meet the expectations of the knowledge statements for the Earth and space topic from Year 5 of the science National Curriculum for England. It shows examples of the work of one pupil who meets the requirements of the knowledge statements for the topic.

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Journey to the Edge of the Universe Feature Length Documentary 

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Journey to the Edge of the Universe Feature Length Documentary 

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Turn off the lights, get some popcorn and enjoy

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Journey to the Edge of the Universe (Sean Pertwee) - Full HD 1080p

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BBC Wonders of the Solar System Playlist 

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BBC Wonders of the Solar System Playlist 

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Saturn's Rings - Wonders of the Solar System - BBC

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Please be aware that resources have been published on the website in the form that they were originally supplied. This means that procedures reflect general practice and standards applicable at the time resources were produced and cannot be assumed to be acceptable today. Website users are fully responsible for ensuring that any activity, including practical work, which they carry out is in accordance with current regulations related to health and safety and that an appropriate risk assessment has been carried out.

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The UK is planning to develop several spaceports to launch rockets carrying satellites into space. This resource contains eight activities, which look at the development of a UK Spaceport and the launch of satellites into Earth orbit. They link to aspects of geography, science and engineering.

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The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang

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Produced by forskning.no in collaboration with the Department of Physics at the University of Oslo, this is a brilliantly simple explainer about How the Aurora Borealis is created.

The kids should always see excellent science videos, including magnetic fields, solar flares, and space weather.

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How the Aurora Borealis is created | The Kid Should See This

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Produced by forskning.no in collaboration with the Department of Physics at the University of Oslo, this is a brilliantly simple explainer about How the Aurora Borealis is created. The kids should always see excellent science videos, including magnetic fields, solar flares, and space weather.

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Meteor Showers 101 | National Geographic

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Incredible Footage of Juno's Flyby of Jupiter

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Incredible Footage of Juno's Flyby of Jupiter

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Everything You Need to Know About Planet Earth

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Everything You Need to Know About Planet Earth

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Everything You Need to Know About Planet Earth

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What does it feel like to fly over planet Earth - Fluid version

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How far away is Space from where you are right now? How much closer is it when you're flying in a plane? And how close is the International Space Station to Earth if we can spot it in the sky?

Travel up, up, up towards space to find out what we'd see at different heights in this animated explainer by Slurpy Studios for the Royal Observatory Greenwich. Plus, from NOAA.gov:

A common definition of space is known as the Kármán Line, an imaginary boundary 100 kilometers (62 miles) above mean sea level. In theory, once this 100 km line is crossed, the atmosphere becomes too thin to provide enough lift for conventional aircraft to maintain flight. At this altitude, a conventional plane would need to reach orbital velocity or risk falling back to Earth.

Related reading: Where, exactly, is the edge of space? It depends on who you ask.

Related listening with Vermont Public Radio's But Why? podcast for curious kids: Where does the sky end?

Watch these related videos next: Space Rocks: Comets, asteroids, meteors, & meteorites, How do we measure the universe? and How does the Earth's gravity help keep satellites in orbit? Plus: More videos about measuring.

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Where does Space begin? | The Kid Should See This

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How far away is Space from where you are right now? How much closer is it when you're flying in a plane? And how close is the International Space Station to Earth if we can spot it in the sky?

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How a Space Suit Works with Helen Sharman

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How a Space Suit Works with Helen Sharman

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The Sokol Space Suit: Helen Sharman on Being In Space

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Online 3D simulation of the Solar System and night sky in real time - the Sun, planets, dwarf planets, comets, stars and constellations

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The app is very good, I have the HD version, but having seen some recent books on lunar photography , I crave for higher resolution images. The criteria for me is to be able to see the crater George on the Hadley Delta foot, near Apollo 15 landing site. In this HD version this is not possible.

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‎Hold the Moon in your hands. Moon Globe turns your iPhone, iPod Touch or iPad into a precision instrument for viewing Earth's Moon. Satellite imagery and topographic laser altimeter data are combined to render the Moon with realistic lighting in realtime 3D. Use the multitouch screen to manipulate...

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Ever since I was a kid, I've absolutely loved Mars and now I love it even more so this app lets me explore The Red Planet and discover the names of all the landmarks. bBut it needs something that makes the app even more immersive, like adding the Planets of the Solar System and the Sun in the background aswell as Mars's 2 moons. Also, adding something that allows you to see the location of the different Rovers and maybe Mars could have a thing where the planet rotates and has day and night and we are able to slow it down to look at Mars closer up. I would love the app even more if these fetures were added.

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‎Take a tour of the mysterious Red Planet. This virtual globe combines a high-resolution satellite map with laser altimeter data and advanced topographic lighting to present the planet Mars as it appears from above. An Introduction and Guided Tour present some of Mars' most intriguing features. You c...

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Landing on the Moon and Mars is tricky. A lander headed to the Moon can go as fast as 24,816 miles (39,937 kilometers) per hour. Those on their way to Mars might go up to 13,000 miles (21,000 kilometers) per hour. To land gently, these spacecraft need to slow down before touching the surface! And if there are astronauts on board, the lander needs to keep them safe, too.

In this challenge, use what you know and what you can investigate about gravity, motion, forces and a target of your choosing (the Moon, Mars or beyond!) to design and build a lander that will protect two "astronauts" when they touch down. Just as engineers had to develop solutions for landing different kinds of vehicles on the Moon and Mars, you will follow the engineering design process to design and build a shock-absorbing system out of simple materials; and improve your design based on the results of your test landings.

Watch the Tutorial

See below for materials and step-by-step instructions. For more video tutorials and activities like this one, visit Learning Space.

Watch en Español: Seleccione subtítulos en Español bajo el ícono de configuración.

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Student Project: Make an Astronaut Lander | NASA/JPL Edu

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Design and build a lander that will protect two "astronauts" when they touch down.

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Weightless Water - Experiments In 'Zero Gravity'

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Daily Life Aboard the Space Station With Astronaut Tom Marshburn | NASA ISS Science Video

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Astronaut Tips: How to Wash Your Hair in Space

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What Are Gravitational Waves? | Fun Science

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Breathtaking live footage of the Mars Rover landing on Mars

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Perseverance Rover’s Descent and Touchdown on Mars (Official NASA Video)

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What's so Great About Mars? | Fun Science

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Earth 3D Model | NASA Solar System Exploration

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Astronaut Chris Hadfield Debunks Space Myths | WIRED

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The Solar System: Planets - Map Quiz Game - Seterra

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There are eight planets in the solar system – Pluto was the ninth until being changed to the status of a “dwarf planet”. Planets are masses of rock, liquid, or gas held together by gravity and orbiting the sun as a result of the sun’s gravitational pull. The more massive the planet, the stronger the…

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2,000 Weightless Ping Pong Balls with Science Bob

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Science Bob and 30 other teachers launched 2,000 ping pong balls in zero gravity as part of Northrup Grumman Foundation's Weightless Flights of Discovery program. Also joining us was Kerry Sanders of the Today Show. Weightless flight is accomplished by flying in parabolas in reserved airspace aboard a modified 727 aircraft.

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Dara Rides the Vomit Comet - Microgravity Plane Ride

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Dara Rides the Vomit Comet - Microgravity Plane Ride

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Dara O Briain rides the vomit comet: Stargazing Live - Series 4 Episode 2 - BBC Two

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BBC Two - Stargazing, Series 2, Stargazing Challenge: Phases of the Moon (KS2)

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Stargazing Clips Including Some Nice Footage of Tim Peake

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Stargazing Clips Including Some Nice Footage of Tim Peake

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Stellarium Web is a planetarium running in your web browser. It shows a realistic star map, just like what you see with the naked eye, binoculars or a telescope.

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The redesigned NASA app unlocks access to our new NASA+ video streaming service, the latest NASA news, upgraded interactive experiences, mission alerts, augmented reality, and thousands of images and videos to explore - putting the universe at your fingertips!

Roku: Add the NASA channel in the Roku channel store.

Apple TV: Please go to the App Store on your Apple TV device to install.

Amazon Fire TV: Please go to the App Store on your Fire TV device to install.

The new NASA Selfies app lets you generate snapshots of yourself in a virtual spacesuit, posing in front of gorgeous cosmic locations, like the Orion Nebula or the center of the Milky Way galaxy. The simple interface means you just snap a photo of yourself, pick your background, and share on social media.

NASA spacecraft travel to far-off destinations in space, but a new mobile app produced by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, brings spacecraft to users. The app, called Spacecraft AR, uses the latest augmented reality (AR) technology to put virtual 3-D models of NASA's robotic space explorers into any environment with a flat surface.
Get the Android app

NASA Spinoff profiles the best examples of technology that have been transferred from NASA research and missions into commercial products. From life-saving satellite systems to hospital robots that care for patients and more, NASA technologies benefit society. There's more space in your life than you think!

Get the iPad app
Related: Technology Innovation

Did you know NASA has over a thousand technologies available for licensing? A NASA technology might be the solution to your business' technical challenge. Use this app to browse our wide and varied portfolio of inventions and learn how to partner with us.
Get the iPad app
Technology Innovation features the latest space technology innovators and project developments across the agency, highlighting the American inventors, entrepreneurs, and application engineers who have transformed space exploration technologies into products that benefit the nation.
Get the iPhone/iPad app
Get the Android app
Aeronautics

Earth

History

NASA Glenn Research Center: The Early Years: iPad

Station & Shuttle

Solar System

Universe

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NASA Apps For Smartphones, Tablets, and Digital Media Players - NASA

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The redesigned NASA app unlocks access to our new NASA+ video streaming service, the latest NASA news, upgraded interactive experiences, mission alerts,

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One of my absolute favourite websites. Zoom in and Zoom out by Powers of 10 and see the Universe in grand scale.

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BBC Two - Science Clips, Earth, Sun and Moon, Earth’s orbit of the Sun

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The tilt of the Earth’s axis and the effect this has as Earth orbits the Sun.

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If a person with a mass of 55kg was to travel to Jupiter or Pluto, the effects of gravity would be very different from those on Earth. Gravity is the pull that a planet exerts towards its centre. Gravity depends on mass. Jupiter has more mass than Earth, so its gravity is two and a half times greater. Pluto is much smaller than Earth and so the force of gravity on Pluto is weaker than it is on Earth.

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BBC Two - Science Clips, Forces in Action, Gravity on Earth, Jupiter and Pluto

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If a person with a mass of 55kg was to travel to Jupiter or Pluto, the effects of gravity would be very different from those on Earth. Gravity is the pull that a planet exerts towards its centre. Gravity depends on mass. Jupiter has more mass than Earth, so its gravity is two and a half times greater.

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In a space station, you can no longer feel the effects of the gravitational pull from the Earth. Where there is no gravitational force, you cannot tell up from down. A British female astronaut shows how you can move in a space station by floating. She describes how you can use all three dimensions of space, and unless you tie everything down, it will float away. Food does not go down into her stomach but floats about inside her!

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BBC Two - Science Clips, Forces in Action, Weightlessness in space

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In a space station, you can no longer feel the effects of the gravitational pull from the Earth. Where there is no gravitational force, you cannot tell up from down. A British female astronaut shows how you can move in a space station by floating.

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BBC Two - Science Clips, Earth, Sun and Moon, Man Lands on the Moon

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The 1st landing on the moon in 1969 with a description of its geology.

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The Rosetta spacecraft was sent on a mission to comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Part of its mission was to deploy a lander, Philae, on the surface of the comet. This resource is also downloadable in the Welsh Language.

The resource contains seven activities themed around the mission:

Using interactive games, children will learn to recognise the names of the eight planets in the Solar System and they will learn that planets revolve around the Sun. This introductory lesson will give children an understanding of planets in the Solar System, in preparation for further topics on other objects, such as asteroids and comets.

Meteorites are heated on their path through the atmosphere of the Earth. Using this context, children will learn the difference between a star and a 'falling star', and how friction can cause heating effects. The activity suggests the use of meteorite samples, which can be borrowed for short loan periods.

In this activity, students learn about craters that can be created by impacts from space. The resource describes an activity to measure the size of craters by varying the mass of balls, or by varying the height dropped into sand. Children can create graphs to present their findings.

This activity uses the context of Philae's landing to: explain why unsupported objects fall towards Earth; explain why spacecraft need to make a soft landing; explain the meaning of speed and how it is calculated; design and test a landing device for an egg.

The series of activities in this resource helps children to understand the difference between mass and weight. They learn that weight is a force due to the gravitational pull of the celestial body, and so weight is different on the Earth compared to other planets and Comet 67P, which Rosetta is orbiting.

In this resource, children are guided through activities which will help them to use models to understand the scale of the solar system. By considering journey times using everyday modes of transport, such as a bicycle, the vast distances of the Solar System can be explored. Different ideas are suggested for building scale models, inside and outside the classroom.

Solar power is vital to the operation of satellites and to the Rosetta spacecraft. This activity requires children to make a solar powered vehicle, using solar panels, a motor and gear and other simple materials. The children will learn how the motor must be connected in a circuit to operate, and the light level must be sufficiently high to enable the wheels to turn.

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The Rosetta spacecraft was sent on a mission to comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Part of its mission was to deploy a lander, Philae, on the surface of the comet. This resource is also downloadable in the Welsh Language.

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International Space Station panoramic tour

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Node-3 Tranquillity provides life-support for the International Space Station. Part of Tranquility is ESA's Cupola observation module, a seven-window dome-shaped structure from where the Space Station's robotic arm, Canadarm 2, is operated as it offers a panoramic view of space and Earth.

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Astronaut Videos

Check out these cool videos which help show you what life is like for astronauts living in space. Learn where they sleep, what they eat, how they brush their teeth, what happens when they get sick and much more.

Thanks to astronauts such as Canadian Chris Hadfield you can get a feel for what life is like in zero gravity while on board the International Space Station.

Learn about Spacesuits

Check out this educational video to learn some interesting facts about spacesuits and the tools astronauts use during spacewalks.

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Astronaut Videos - Life in Space, Zero Gravity, ISS, NASA

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Astronaut Videos Check out these cool videos which help show you what life is like for astronauts living in space. Learn where they sleep, what they eat, how they brush their teeth, what happens when they get sick and much more.

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Stephen Hawking - Theoretical Physicist & Cosmologist | Mini Bio | BIO

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Felix Baumgartner's supersonic freefall from 128k' - Mission Highlights

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Birth of the Solar System | Naked Science: Birth of the Solar System

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Meteorite crash in Russia: Video of meteor explosion that stirred panic in Urals region

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Earth Facts

Check out our range of fun planet Earth facts for kids and find interesting information about our world, including facts related to volcanoes, earthquakes, minerals, structures, gas and much more.

Children will love the cool trivia, did you know facts and other interesting Earth info that will help them learn a thing or two along the way. Read on and enjoy learning about the amazing planet we live on.

Magma is the hot liquid rock under the surface of the Earth, it is known as lava after it comes out of a volcano.

Natural gas doesn't have an odour, strong smells are added to it by humans so it can be detected when there are leaks.

Hawaii is moving towards Japan at the speed of 10cm a year. This is because they are on different tectonic plates.

The world's largest desert (outside of the polar regions) is the Sahara, it covers about one third of Africa!

Stretching out to an impressive length of 6696 kilometres (4160 miles) long, the Nile River is the longest river on earth.

The volcanic rock known as pumice is the only rock that can float in water.

Mt Everest is the highest mountain on earth, its peak reaches 8,848 metres (29029 feet) above sea level. Check out the highest mountains on each continent of the Earth.

On average the Atlantic Ocean is the saltiest of Earth's major oceans.

Scientists have the dated the Earth as being between 4 and 5 billion years old!

Talc is the softest mineral found on Earth, reaching just 1 on Mohs scale of hardness, it is often used to make talcum powder.

The Niagara Falls are located on the border of the USA and Canada.

Rock found at the bottom of the Grand Canyon is around 2 billion years old.

Although earthquakes can be deadly, most are very small and not even felt by humans.

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Planet Earth Facts for Kids - Interesting Information about Our World

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Earth Facts Check out our range of fun planet Earth facts for kids and find interesting information about our world, including facts related to volcanoes, earthquakes, minerals, structures, gas and much more. Children will love the cool trivia, did you know facts and other interesting Earth info that will help them learn a thing or two along the way.

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Space Facts

Read some fun space facts for kids and find out more about astronomy, the Moon, planets, our Sun, the Milky Way galaxy, our Universe and much more.

Children will love the cool, crazy, strange, funny, weird, odd, bizarre and wacky information as well as did you know facts and other interesting space info that will help them learn a thing or two along the way.

The Sun is over 300000 times larger than earth. More Sun facts.

Halley's Comet was last seen in the inner Solar System in 1986, it will be visible again from Earth sometime in 2061 (get your camera ready). More comet facts.

Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system with a surface temperature of over 450 degrees celcius.

Many scientists believe that an asteroid impact caused the extinction of the dinosaurs around 65 million years ago. More asteroid facts.

The Solar System formed around 4.6 billion years ago. More Solar System facts.

The Moon appears to have more craters and scars than Earth because it has a lot less natural activity going on, the Earth is constantly reforming its surface through earthquakes, erosion, rain, wind and plants growing on the surface, while the moon has very little weather to alter its appearance. More Moon facts.

Saturn isn't the only ringed planet, other gas giants such as Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune also have rings, they are just less obvious.

Footprints and tyre tracks left behind by astronauts on the moon will stay there forever as there is no wind to blow them away.

In 2006, astronomers changed the definition of a planet. This means that Pluto is now referred to as a dwarf planet. Learn more dwarf planet facts.

Because of lower gravity, a person who weighs 200 pounds on earth would only weigh 76 pounds on the surface of Mars.

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Fun Space Facts for Kids - Cool, Moon, Planets, Sun, Crazy, Interesting Astronomy Information

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Space Facts Read some fun space facts for kids and find out more about astronomy, the Moon, planets, our Sun, the Milky Way galaxy, our Universe and much more. Children will love the cool, crazy, strange, funny, weird, odd, bizarre and wacky information as well as did you know facts and other interesting space info that will help them learn a thing or two along the way.

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https://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/topten/countriesbysize.html

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Closest Stars to Earth

Check out our list of the top ten closest stars to Earth. What is the nearest star to Earth you ask? Well it's the Sun of course! Read on and find out what the next closest stars are, you may have heard of some of them or even seen them in the night sky. The distances to Earth are measured in light years (the distance light travels in one year) and some of the stars mentioned are binary stars which are actually two stars located very close to each other. Enjoy our top ten list of the closest stars to Earth as well as all our other fun science facts for kids.

Distance from Earth in light years

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Top Ten Closest Stars to Earth - What is the Nearest Star?

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Closest Stars to Earth Check out our list of the top ten closest stars to Earth. What is the nearest star to Earth you ask? Well it's the Sun of course! Read on and find out what the next closest stars are, you may have heard of some of them or even seen them in the night sky.

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Loads of really cool facts about each planet of the Solar System https://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/planets.html

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Caroline talks about their work studying the planets and the solar system, and shares her astronomical discoveries, including comets and nebulae.

She also explains how she was the first woman to discover a comet, which was subsequently named after her, 35 P Herschel-Rigollet.

William talks about how he discovered the planet Uranus.

After being made an assistant to her brother, Caroline Herschel was the first woman to be paid for scientific work.

She made many observations and found 2500 nebulae, summarised in a list called the catalogue of nebulae and clusters of stars - abbreviated to CN.

She recorded her findings precisely by drawing the nebulae.

This clip is from the series Scientists and Scientific Method.

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Science KS2: The work of Caroline and William Herschel

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Caroline talks about their work studying the planets and the solar system, and shares her astronomical discoveries, including comets and nebulae. She also explains how she was the first woman to discover a comet, which was subsequently named after her, 35 P Herschel-Rigollet. William talks about how he discovered the planet Uranus.

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This vlog style film recreates a famous experiment in which Galileo, an Italian scientist, dropped two objects from the Leaning tower of Pisa in 1589.
He explains that he did the experiment to show the pull of gravity on an object is the same, regardless of their different weights.

He explains that force is a push or pull on an object.

He goes on to dispute Aristotle's theory of force, and introduces the concept of posing a scientific questions (hypothesising) before experimenting.

This clip is from the series Scientists and Scientific Method.

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Science KS2: The work of Galileo Galilei

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This vlog style film recreates a famous experiment in which Galileo, an Italian scientist, dropped two objects from the Leaning tower of Pisa in 1589. He explains that he did the experiment to show the pull of gravity on an object is the same, regardless of their different weights.

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This film shows how Nicolaus Copernicus; an early astronomer, scientist and priest in Poland, thought the sun was at the centre of the solar system.
This theory was known as the heliocentric model. It was controversial, as accepted wisdom at the time (supported by the church) was that Earth was at the centre of the universe.

In this vlog style film, he compares his ideas with Aristotle and Ptolemy, who believed the celestial model of Earth at the centre of the solar system, with the sun and other planets in its orbit.

This clip is from the series Scientists and Scientific Method.

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Science KS2: The work of Nicolaus Copernicus

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This film shows how Nicolaus Copernicus; an early astronomer, scientist and priest in Poland, thought the sun was at the centre of the solar system. This theory was known as the heliocentric model. It was controversial, as accepted wisdom at the time (supported by the church) was that Earth was at the centre of the universe.

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https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/clips/zjbvr82

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How Big is the Sun in Relation to the Earth?

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How Big is the Sun in Relation to the Earth?

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https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/clips/zqbygk7

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Copernicus and Galileo - The Movement of the Earth

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Copernicus and Galileo - The Movement of the Earth

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https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/clips/z6shfg8

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https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/clips/zgbfb9q

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Can you Make Outer Space in your Kitchen?

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Can you Make Outer Space in your Kitchen?

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The chemical elements are the basic building blocks for everything in the Universe. You'll find them here on Earth, and right out across the stars.

are like giant, cosmic factories, making elements. When stars like our Sun reach the end of their lives, they begin to run out of fuel and collapse. This creates the extreme pressures and temperatures needed to cook up elements, like the oxygen you breathe and the carbon that makes up your body.

When larger stars than our Sun collapse, they form even heavier elements, like and However, when the largest stars (nine times bigger than our Sun) come to the end of their life, they are blown apart in a giant explosion called a supernova.

A is the most powerful force in the Universe, with temperatures reaching more than 100 billion degrees. During just a few seconds, the heaviest and rarest elements like gold and silver are created.

So next time you look in the mirror, remember what you're made of - an incredible set of elements created by the giant explosion of a dying star.

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Can you make outer space in your kitchen?

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The chemical elements are the basic building blocks for everything in the Universe. You'll find them here on Earth, and right out across the stars. are like giant, cosmic factories, making elements. When stars like our Sun reach the end of their lives, they begin to run out of fuel and collapse.

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Although sound waves can't travel in space, light waves can. That's why everything we know about the Universe comes from light.

Light travels at an amazing 299,792 kilometers per second . It can go seven-and-a-half times around the world in one second. But even at this speed, it takes light over 100,000 years to travel across our galaxy alone. The entire Universe is so big that many stars are already dead by the time their light reaches us.

Scientists have discovered that each star has its own unique light reading . Even though we could never visit them, we can use their light to study them. Written in the starlight is information about a star's , surface temperature and the it's heading.

Astronomers have used light to reveal even more about space. They have discovered alien worlds, the age of our Universe and even the forces at play around a black hole. In short, light is helping us unlock some of space's greatest mysteries.

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Although sound waves can't travel in space, light waves can. That's why everything we know about the Universe comes from light. Light travels at an amazing 299,792 kilometers per second . It can go seven-and-a-half times around the world in one second.

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There isn't an up or down in space, like we're used to on Earth, so your brain can get confused. Astronauts often complain of feeling sick during the first few weeks on the ISS and the body usually takes a little time to adjust.

Living in space has been described as being a bit like standing on your head. With less gravity pushing down on you, fluids tend to pool in the upper parts of your body. This gives astronauts a puffy, red face.

On the ISS the pull of gravity isn't as strong as on Earth. Your muscles don't need to work as hard and your bones weaken . Each crew member has a strict daily exercise routine to make sure they don't waste away.

Your heart muscle gets weaker as well, as it requires less effort to pump blood around the body in microgravity. Astronauts also typically grow a few centimeters taller in space.

Without the earth's atmosphere to protect them, astronauts are constantly bombarded by cosmic rays . These invisible waves zap the body and increase the risk of diseases.

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There isn't an up or down in space, like we're used to on Earth, so your brain can get confused. Astronauts often complain of feeling sick during the first few weeks on the ISS and the body usually takes a little time to adjust.

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Astronauts spend years training for the launch day. Every action is carefully controlled and prepared for, right down to the tiniest detail.

Nothing is left to chance. The astronauts are strapped in to a Soyuz rocket charged with 300 tonnes of highly explosive fuel - one minor miscalculation could be disastrous.

It takes less than nine minutes for the astronauts to get to space. As the Soyuz bursts out of the atmosphere, the sky flashes from blue to black and the capsule is left orbiting the Earth.

But the space station isn't floating in one place - it's flying around the planet at 17,000 miles per hour!

The astronauts have to delicately guide their capsule to meet a tiny docking station on the ISS. It's a ballet between hundreds of billions of pounds of space technology - all done while wheeling around the world at 10 times the speed of a bullet.

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Astronauts spend years training for the launch day. Every action is carefully controlled and prepared for, right down to the tiniest detail. Nothing is left to chance. The astronauts are strapped in to a Soyuz rocket charged with 300 tonnes of highly explosive fuel - one minor miscalculation could be disastrous.

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Discover the difference between gas and rocky planets and find out which planets are classified as gas, with this KS2 science guide.