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Citing Research References

When you research information you must cite the reference. Citing for websites is different from citing from books, magazines and periodicals. The style of citing shown here is from the MLA Style Citations (Modern Language Association).

When citing a WEBSITE the general format is as follows.
Author Last Name, First Name(s). "Title: Subtitle of Part of Web Page, if appropriate." Title: Subtitle: Section of Page if appropriate. Sponsoring/Publishing Agency, If Given. Additional significant descriptive information. Date of Electronic Publication or other Date, such as Last Updated. Day Month Year of access < URL >.

Here is an example of citing this page:
Amsel, Sheri. "African Grassland (Savanna) Food Web" Exploring Nature Educational Resource ©2005-2021. May 11, 2021
< http://www.exploringnature.org/db/view/African-Grassland-Savanna-Food-Web >

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Citing Research References When you research information you must cite the reference. Citing for websites is different from citing from books, magazines and periodicals. The style of citing shown here is from the MLA Style Citations (Modern Language Association). When citing a WEBSITE the general format is as follows.

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Savanna, also spelled savannah, vegetation type that grows under hot, seasonally dry climatic conditions and is characterized by an open tree canopy (i.e., scattered trees) above a continuous tall grass understory (the vegetation layer between the forest canopy and the ground). The largest areas of savanna are found in Africa, South America, Australia, India, the Myanmar (Burma)- Thailand region in Asia, and Madagascar.

Origin

Savannas arose as rainfall progressively lessened in the edges of the tropics during the Cenozoic Era (66 million years ago to the present)-in particular, during the past 25 million years. Grasses, the dominant plants of savannas, appeared only about 50 million years ago, although it is possible that some savanna-like vegetation lacking grasses occurred earlier. The South American fossil record provides evidence of a well-developed vegetation, rich in grass and thought to be equivalent to modern savanna, being established by the early Miocene Epoch, about 20 million years ago.

Climates across the world became steadily cooler during that period. Lower ocean surface temperatures reduced water evaporation, which slowed the whole hydrologic cycle, with less cloud formation and precipitation. The vegetation of midlatitude regions, lying between the wet equatorial areas and the moist cool temperate zones, was affected substantially.

The main regions in which savannas emerged in response to that long-term climatic change-tropical America, Africa, South Asia, and Australia-were already separated from each other by ocean barriers by that time. Plant migration across those barriers was inhibited, and the details of the emergence of savannas on each continent varied. In each region different plant and animal species evolved to occupy the new seasonally dry habitats.

In temperate regions, savannas became much more widespread, at the expense of forests, during the long, cool, dry intervals-contemporaneous with the ice ages, or glacial intervals, of the Pleistocene Epoch (2.6 million to 11,700 years ago). Studies of fossilized pollen in sediments from sites in South America, Africa, and Australia provide strong support for this view.

When human beings (Homo sapiens) first appeared, in Africa, they initially occupied the savanna. Later, as they became more adept at modifying the environment to suit their needs, they spread to Asia, Australia, and the Americas. There their impact on the nature and development of savanna vegetation was superimposed on the natural pattern, adding to the variation seen among savanna types. The savannas of the world currently are undergoing another phase of change as modern expansion of the human population impinges on the vegetation and fauna.

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Savanna, vegetation type that grows under hot, seasonally dry climatic conditions and is characterized by an open tree canopy (i.e., scattered trees) above a continuous tall grass understory (the vegetation layer between the forest canopy and the ground). The largest areas of savanna are found in

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Les humains ont un impact sur la savane herbeuse en reduisant la superficie des terres en creant un nouvel espace pour l'industrialisation. Les arbres et les animaux ont moins d'espace donc la population diminue avec la terre ce qui rend touts plus

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Graminees et arbres- La savane est une prairie vallonnee avec des arbres et saison pluvieuses et seches - les savanes ont deux saisons distinctes en ce qui concerne les precipitation.

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Les consommateurs de ces chaines almentaire sont les gazelles, les zebres. Consommateur secondaire: les consommateurs secondaire de ces chaines alimentaire sont le guepard l'hyene et le lion.

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La savane dominee par des herbes telles que l'herbe de Rhodes l'herbe d'avoine rouge, l'herbe etoilee, la citronnelle et certains arbustes. La plupart des herbes de savane sont grossieres et poussent par plaques avec des zones de sol nu entrecoupees.

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La savane avec laquelle la plupart des gens sont familiers, abrite une grande variete d'animaux. Une courte liste de certaine de ces animaux comprend des gnous, des phacocheres et des elephants

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Les plus grandes zones de savane se trouvent an Afrique, en Amerique du sud, en Australie, Inde dans la region du Myanmer (Birmanie)-Thailande en Asie et a Madagascar