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The original performance of Snow in Midsummer is unknown due to how old the play is. The play was originally performed as a zaju play. The date of which it was written is debated, but its know that it was written and first performed in the late 13th century, during the Yuan Dynasty and towards the end of the Mongol invasion. The first performance of the show was most likely portrayed by all men, as was customary at this time. Not much else is known or said about the original performance of the show.

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-Corruption in the Chinese government
-Bad personal morals
-The consequences of the above things

Chinese culture is a very strict culture that is based on loyalty, and people who go against that loyalty are highly looked down upon

Two females contradict each other
Rich old woman (Mrs. Tsai) needs the presence of a man, while Tou Ngo accepts the loss of many in her life and does not search fo it elsewhere
Loyalty to family

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-The Yuan Dynasty was the first foreign dynasty to rule all of China and lasted until 1368 under Kublai Khan.
-Successor to the Mongol Empire and an Imperial Chinese dynasty, and Chinese histories claim that it bore the Mandate of Heaven.
-Mandate of Heaven - the idea that heaven granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly.
-It is believed that women did act on stage during the Yuan dynasty, one theory is that, when the Mongols under Kublai Khan conquered China, women of the displaced Han ruling class, faced with the necessity of earning a living, became entertainers
-Zaju (mixed drama or plays) the style originated as a short variety play in North China during the Northern Song dynasty (960–1127), and during the Yuan dynasty (1206–1368) it developed into a mature four-act dramatic form, in which songs alternate with dialogue.
-The lasting worth of zaju is attested to by their continuous adaptation to new musical styles over the years; stories of zaju masterpieces remain a large part of the traditional opera repertory.

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Uploaded by Victor velasco de Lucas on 2015-07-20.

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-Mistress Tsai: widow, Tou Ngo's mother-in-law
-Tou Tien - Chang: Tou Ngo's father, lawyer
-Tou Ngo - Tou Tien: Chang's daughter, wrongly trialed for murder
-Doctor Lu: Tries to kill Mistress Tsai, sells poison to donkey
-Old Chang: Donkey's father, murdered by Donkey via poison
-Donkey: Old Chang's son, murder father, get Tou Ngo charged for father's murder and executed
-Prefect: judge who runs Tou Ngo's trial
-Attendant: Assitant to Prefect, does what the prefect says, beats Tou Ngo and Mistress Tsai.
-Officer: Policeman who arrests Tou Ngo
-Executioner: Executes Tou Ngo

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-Born in the mid-thirteenth century and lived out his life in the northern district of Yen-Ching.
-Which became Kublai Khan’s “great capitol,” Tatu, on the site of modern-day Beijing.
-Started writing around 1260 and did not stop until his death in the late thirteenth or early fourteenth century
-Official court records of that dynasty did not make any specific reference of Guan, suggesting that he did not hold an official post there.
-Even though it may at first be surprising given Guan’s celebrity status as a respected writer, playwrights were rarely granted positioned at court under Kublai Khan.
-Hailed the most original pioneer of the form of dramatic theatre called zaju
-In Chinese theatre Guan Hanqing holds a position similar to that of Shakespeare
-Praised for sympathetic portrayals of ordinary human life and suffering, skillful balance of realism and dramatic poetry, and remarkably powerful women characters
-These qualities are exemplified in Dou E Yuan, which is translated as Injustice to Dou E

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-Tou Ngo is sold to Mistress Tsai as a bride for her son.
-Tou Ngo's husband dies and she is left with Mistress Tsai.
-Mistress Tsai goes to see Doctor Lu to  get the money that he owes her. He convinces her to go with him to the village where he "has" her money. He distracts Mistress Tsai and strangles her. Old Chang and Donkey enter the scene to which the Doctor runs away. Chang revives Mistress Tsai and they both say to her either she and Tou Ngo marry them or they strangle her, she agrees.
-Tou Ngo refuses to marry Donkey.
-Tou Ngo makes soup  for Mistress Tsai, Donkey poisons it, his father drinks it to try it, he dies, Tou Ngo is charged with the murder.
-She is executed and claims her innocence will be shown by:
-Her blood soilling on her clothes and not the ground
-It will snow in midsummer
-Chuzhou will have 3 year drought.
-3 years later her ghost visits her father, he reopens the case, learns the truth, Donkey is killed, Mistress Tsai goes to live with Tou Ngo's father.