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* There was found a importance on how entrepreneurs react to responses—and nonresponses—from actors they contact. This affected then in their networking

*  The main difference between cases that do and those that do not perceive network momentum lies in how student entrepreneurs evaluate their actions and react to (negative) contact responses

* Most of the participants started the networking by cold calling to initiate new contacts

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Mariëtte Kaandorp, Elco van Burg, and Tomas Karlsson

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My major learning outcome of the last week is to not be afraid of going out there and making mistakes in an early stage. The more you showcase your idea, the more feedback you’ll get to make it better. It doesn’t matter that the concept is not ready or not solid; going out there and showing it to others will make it rock solid for later presentations. (Mobile Commuting, Maria, 20110204)

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Primary data source: weekly diaries (qualitative study)

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Swedish nationality is not related to experiencing network momentum, because most student entrepreneurs who reported network momentum were international, but controlling for culturally influenced dispositions toward networking was not one of our research priorities. Prior literature hints at potential cultural differences regarding networking, and this factor may warrant further scrutiny

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28 start-up ventures of an annual Venturing Program for (student) entrepreneurs in Sweden. The entrepreneurs attempted to create real-life ventures in interaction with real-life stakeholders

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In this article, the networking-process of student entrepreneurs was studied. A wide variation in their networking actions were observed, even though the students were in very similar situations.

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Network momentum: “the primary outcome of this networking process"

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Network momentum: “the primary outcome of this networking process"

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1. Initiating the network (contact attempts)
2. Reaction to (non)responses of the contact attempts
3. Evaluating networking (with respect to the self, others, and the networking process)

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To understand the initiating actions of the student entrepreneurs and their reactions, we consider how their actions depend on cognitive evaluations of their self, others, and the networking process. These dimensions of evaluating networking influence the (subsequent) networking actions and reactions of the student entrepreneurs.

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After initiating contacts, the student entrepreneurs had to perform subsequent actions to maintain and develop their initiated relationships. Here, we noticed important differences in how the student entrepreneurs reacted to responses to their contact attempts. We identified four active and one more passive response. Overall, we conclude that creating a network in a new environment is not easy, as exemplified by the frequent lack of response (nonresponse) or negative responses to their network-initiating actions.

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"by initiating and reacting, student entrepreneurs engage in networking actions, and through evaluating themselves, others, and the networking process, they make sense of these actions and reactions." (Kaandorp et al.)

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the experience of student entrepreneurs that the networking process is gaining traction, even without direct input from them. (Kaandorp et al.)

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the practice of building and maintaining professional relationships (Porter & Woo, 2015, p. 1478)

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students who attempt to create real-life ventures in interaction with real life-life stakeholders (Lackéus & Williams Middleton, 2015)

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the authors are stating that by having a negative reaction and self-evaluation, student entrepreneurs lose confidence in their ability, idea, and effectively lose their network. It creates a hostile developmental environment that can systematically negatively impact the productivity of the team, etc.

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Entrepreneurial networks are crucial for new ventures 

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Entrepreneurial networks are crucial for new ventures 

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After initiating contacts, the student entrepreneurs had to perform subsequent actions to maintain and develop their initiated relationships. Here, we noticed important differences in how the student entrepreneurs reacted to responses to their contact attempts. We identified four active and one more passive response.
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- Data originate from a specific venturing program - may influence the results
- Potential cultural differences regarding networking were not a goal for observation

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The article could be viewed as a preliminary work for further research on the topic of both Network Momentum and Cognitive evaluation.

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Is the study adequate for generalization globally when it was conducted at the same place over two different occasions (Venturing Program for entrepreneurs in Sweden 2009-2010 & 2010-2011)?

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"Summarizes how initiating actions, subsequent reactions to (non)responses, and evaluating networking influence whether student entrepreneurs build up network momentum"

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Network momentum also involves the creation of external awareness. Student entrepreneurs related it to a “feeling of being on the right track” and “making progress towards the goals of the venture.”
Observations stress the importance of cognitive processes instead of cognitive traits, in line with a dynamic cognitive perspective

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How the external consequences effected their internal motivation. - The study showed that it was wide variations within networking action, even though the students were in similar situations.

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"Those who evaluated themselves positively and constructively grew eager to continue initiating more contacts.
Those who evaluated themselves in a fairly negative way indicated that their efforts to initiate network connections were time consuming and difficult"

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"In this study the student entrepreneurs in our study who were not able to gain network momentum typically reflected on their actions and the actors’ responses by problematizing the creation of their networks; they tended to doubt their ability to establish a network in due time"