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Soon after the 1860 election, South Carolina declared its secession, and soon, six southern states followed. They fired at Fort Sumter and overtook it, the Civil War Began.

Source(Photo):
http://www.wweek.com/news/2018/03/23/people-just-cant-stop-cutting-down-the-confederate-flags-at-a-vancouver-monument-to-defeated-slavers/

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14. Abraham Lincoln is Elected as President

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14. Abraham Lincoln is Elected as President

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Abraham Lincoln was elected with only 40% of the votes, nearly all of them from the North. This worried Southerners as they realized that they were now the minority.

Source:
https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2008/07/23/abraham-lincoln-and-the-election-of-1860

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John Brown led a raid on a federal arsenal in attempts to arm slaves for a rebellion. It failed and all people involved were executed.

Source:
https://www.civilwar.org/learn/collections/john-browns-harpers-ferry-raid

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Lincoln and Douglas engaged in a debate about slavery for a Senate race where Lincoln lost in the end. Lincoln said that the slavery issue was about morals and that America was bound to become united whilst Douglas said that the slavery issue has been put to rest.

Source:
https://scholarsandrogues.com/2016/10/20/resolved-that-future-presidential-debates-ought-to-use-the-lincoln-douglas-format/

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Dred Scott was a slave who went with his master to Missouri and argued in court for his freedom due to Missouri being a free state. He was denied by the Supreme Court because he was technically property; as a result, Southerners were delighted but Northerners seethed in anger.

Source:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2932.html

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Senator Charles Summer wrote a speech attacking southern pro-slavery supporters and in turn was beaten unconscious by South Carolina representative Preston Brooks.

Source:
https://www.thoughtco.com/violence-over-slavery-in-senate-1773554

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People in the North and South sent people to Kansas for the sole purpose of supporting their political views on slavery. Violence broke out and caused some casualties, and tensions grew on both sides.

Source:
https://www.sutori.com/story/road-to-civil-war-cooper-a4af

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Senator Stephen A. Douglas passed a bill in which the Great Plains were to be split into two territories known as Nebraska and Kansas. Northerners were angered as it nullified the Missouri Compromise and would be by popular sovereignty whether the territories became slave counties or not.

Source:
https://sites.google.com/a/oceanschools.org/the-railroad-express/home/kansas-nebraska-act

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The Fugitive Slave Act was ineffective as Northerners did not want to enforce such a law and the South felt that the law did not ensure the return of a runaway slave.

Source:
http://usslave.blogspot.com/2013/06/the-fugitive-slave-law-1860.html

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Henry Clay proposed a compromise regarding the admission of California to Senator Daniel Webster. The compromise was accepted after much argument and would admit California as a free state, but allow New Mexico and Utah to decide whether or not to become a slave state. It would also end slave trade in Washington D.C. as well as impose stronger fugitive slave laws. This way, the compromise would please both sides.

Source:
http://sectionalismtosecession.weebly.com/compromise-of-1850.html

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In 1849, California applied for statehood as a free state. Northerners welcomed California but Southerners denied it; as a result, Congress remained at a stand still until the end of the year.

Source:
https://www.kwsnet.com/media/images/Great-Seal-of-the-State-of-California-1229x1536.jpg

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The Wilmer Proviso stated that slavery was not to be allowed in any territory won in the Mexican-American War. This bill did not pass.

Source:
http://www.occidentaldissent.com/2017/04/30/the-mexican-american-war-decline-of-the-american-empire/

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If a fugitive slave were to be caught, they would be arrested and returned to their owner. People caught helping slaves escape or refusing to aid save catchers were also punished.

Source:
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/underground-railroad

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The Missouri Compromise of 1820 did not solve the slavery issue in the United States. It only postponed the issue to a later date while the North and South continued to bicker.

Source(Picture):
https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam005.html

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To maintain balance between slave states and free states, Maine, a new state, would be admitted as a free state while Missouri would be a slave state. Also, a line was drawn where North of this line will be free territory(except Missouri) and south would be slave territory.

Source(Picture): http://www.carolana.com/SC/1800s/antebellum/missouri_compromise.html