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Thomas Hooker was a pastor who came to America in 1633, landing in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Birth:

1586

Death:

1647

Place of Birth:

England

Place of Death:

Hartford, Connecticut, United States

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The Separatists were a strict Puritan sect within English Protestantism.

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Roger Williams was an English colonist who founded the colony of Rhode Island.

Birth:

1603

Death:

1683

Place of Birth:

London, England

Place of Death:

Providence, Rhode Island, United States

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Peter Stuyvesant was the son of a Calvinist minister and a director in the Dutch West India Company.

Birth:

c. 1592

Death:

February, 1672

Place of Birth:

Scherpenzeel, Friesland, Netherlands

Place of Death:

near New York City, New York, United States

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John Rolfe was a colonial official and planter who played a vital role in the economic success of the Jamestown colony.

Birth:
1585
Death:
c. 1622
Place of Birth:
Norfolk, England
Place of Death:
Virginia, United States

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Like many other early American colonists, Anne Hutchinson was born in England. She came to America in 1634 and settled with her husband and children in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Hutchinson had her own beliefs about religion. She felt that a relationship with God was a personal one and that you didn’t need to go to church to maintain that relationship.
Birth:

1591

Death:

1643

Place of Birth:

Lincolnshire, England

Place of Death:

East Chester, New York, United States

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The Virginia Company was the English company that founded the colony of Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.

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A staple crop is a crop that is most commonly grown in a particular region.

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The term Protestant Church refers to several different sects of Christianity that began to split off from the Catholic Church during the Protestant Reformation, which took place in the 1500s.

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The word pilgrim means someone who takes a long journey, usually to a religious site—a journey known as a pilgrimage.

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Mercantilism is an economic theory that was practiced by European powers from the 1500s to the 1700s. Nations that practiced mercantilism believed that a nation could become more powerful if it followed certain economic principles.

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The Mayflower Compact was a document drawn up by the Pilgrims who sailed to Plymouth on the Mayflower.

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The Massachusetts Bay Company was the British joint-stock company that founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

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Imagine for a moment the amount of work that would be involved in setting up a colony on a distant land. You would have to transport people and goods over long distances. You would need to earn a living in the colony, so you would need farming equipment or other tools. You also might be required to make several trips back to the home country to stock up on supplies. These were the realities that European countries faced when they considered starting colonies in North America.

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The Dutch West India Company was a trading company.

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Economists use the term commodity to refer to a particular kind of good.

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A colony is an area of land or a settlement that is ruled by another country.

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Anglicanism is a blending of Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. Because the Anglican Church grew out of the Church of England.

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Vaquero is the Spanish word for a cattle herder, and vaqueros in Mexico were the first cowboys in North America.

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The triangular trade was a series of transatlantic trade routes that—when plotted on a map—roughly resembled triangles.

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The forced migration of millions of captured and enslaved people from Africa to the Americas is known as the transatlantic slave trade.

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Trade is the exchange of goods and services by sale or barter.

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A mission is an organized effort by Christians to spread their religious faith.

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The Middle Passage was a term used to describe the middle part of an enslaved person’s journey from Africa to the Americas.

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An indentured servant is a worker who agrees to provide a service for a specified time in return for some form of payment.

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An epidemic is an outbreak of an infectious disease that affects an unusually large number of people and lasts for a long time.

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The term environment refers to the physical surroundings in which plants, animals, and humans live.

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The encomienda was the system that the Spanish government used to try to control Native Americans in the American colonies in the 1500s.

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They were called conquistadors, which in Spanish means "conquerors." The conquistadors were powerful soldiers on a mission to gain wealth and territory for the nation of Spain by conquering other peoples.

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A quadrant is a tool that allows people to accurately measure the altitude of the sun or a star above the horizon.

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A patron is an individual or a group who provides financial, moral, or political support to someone in need.

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This sea route, if it existed, was said to connect the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.

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A mutiny is an active rebellion or resistance to a military authority by someone who is under the command of that authority.

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The lateen sail represented a significant breakthrough in water transportation.

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An expedition is a journey taken for a specific purpose.

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They were called conquistadors, which in Spanish means "conquerors." The conquistadors were powerful soldiers on a mission to gain wealth and territory for the nation of Spain by conquering other peoples.

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A compass is a navigational tool for finding direction on Earth's surface.

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Circumnavigate means "to travel, or navigate, all the way around something."

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Used by Spanish and Portuguese sailors in the 1400s to 1600s, caravels were small sailing ships.

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Astrolabes are ancient scientific instruments used by astronomers and mariners.

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is a guardian or ancestor that watches over people.

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a cone-shaped tent used by some Native American groups for shelter.

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the Spanish word for “village.” The Pueblo Indian emerged around 100 CE.

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substances, materials, and living things that occur on or within the earth and that have economic value.

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a type of home that a number of different Native American tribes built, especially tribes who lived in the forests of the Northeast.

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a chamber, built wholly or partly underground, used by male Pueblo Indians for religious rites.

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a confederation of five Indian nations, including the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca.

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a large group of territories and people who are ruled by a single sovereign leader or nation.

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the name of a family of Northeast Native American languages. Its speakers include the Penobscot, Massachusett, Mohican, Shawnee, Miami, and Illinois tribes. Collectively these tribes are called Algonquin.

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an article added to the US Constitution.

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the first ten amendments to the US Constitution

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Body of a nation, state, or community.

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a set of rules that guides how a country, state, or other political organization works.

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an agreement or a settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.

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sign or give formal consent to (a treaty, contract, or agreement), making it officially valid.