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Newsela | Issue Overview: Earthquake readiness

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Newsela | New technology means hurricanes may bring fewer surprises

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Predicting hurricane strength this season will be more accurate, thanks to a new, huge computer and an improved mathematical model.

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Newsela | Weather warnings save lives as tornadoes flatten Midwest towns

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Forecasters are making more and more accurate predictions for severe weather systems thanks to faster and more powerful computers. And their quicker warnings save lives.

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All precipitation falls through the atmosphere on its way to the Earth's . Imagine a drop or flake falling through a long tube that contains the air between the clouds and the Earth.

The air inside the imaginary tube is the atmosphere . Differences in temperatures in different parts of the atmosphere account for the differences we see between , , and .

The liquid precipitation that falls to Earth's is . can begin as , but by the time it reaches the Earth's , it has melted because the temperature closer to Earth is warmer.

If you've ever thought it strange that it's raining when the temperature outside is below , it's probably because the temperature higher up in the atmosphere is still above .

forms in clouds at temperatures below . As falls through the atmosphere , the air remains at least 32° F or colder. In order for a to reach Earth, it must remain frozen from to .

But can it be too to ? Sometimes! The colder it gets, the less water there will be in the air...and less water in the air means less chance of .

occurs when a falls through the atmosphere and warms up a bit before refreezing. The begins its journey frozen. As it passes through a thin layer of warm air in the atmosphere , it melts a bit.

It then re-enters another pocket of air before reaching the . The refreezes and becomes an pellet we call . typically bounces when it hits the ground.

follows a similar journey as , but instead of a thin pocket of warm air, falls through a larger pocket of warm air in the middle of its journey. begins as , but when it reaches the warm pocket, it melts and becomes .

Before hitting the ground, it passes through a very pocket of air, which cools it some but not enough to turn it into . Instead, when the water droplet reaches the of the Earth and comes in contact with objects (such as cars, streets, or trees), it freezes immediately and turns into .

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What's the Difference Between Snow, Sleet, and Freezing Rain?

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All precipitation falls through the atmosphere on its way to the Earth's . Imagine a drop or flake falling through a long tube that contains the air between the clouds and the Earth. The air inside the imaginary tube is the atmosphere .

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Today's Wonder of the Day was inspired by Brajone. Brajone Wonders, " What is a cold front? " Thanks for WONDERing with us, Brajone!

Is it where you live? When it starts to get colder outside, you may hear weather forecasters talk about a cold moving into your area. Have you ever WONDERed what they're talking about?

In weather terms, a is the between air masses of different temperatures. A cold is the leading edge of a mass of cooler air that is pushing warmer air ahead of it out of the way.

As a cold moves into an area, it displaces warmer air at level. Colder air is than warm air, so it pushes the warm air higher into the atmosphere . Temperature changes along the of the cold/warm air can be in excess of 50° F (10° C).

As the warm air rises, it causes an area of low pressure along the cold . The warm air cools as it rises and begins to condense.

If enough is present, a line of thunderstorms and rain can form along the edge of the cold . If the cold is , thunderstorms are more likely. Stable systems often just bring steady rains. Very cold fronts can hail storms and even tornadoes.

Cold fronts usually move from northwest to southeast. They tend to be strongest in the spring and the fall and weakest in the summer. In addition to rain and thunderstorms, they also bring , shifting winds.

Winter cold fronts might not any precipitation at all if there's insufficient in the air. If there's in the air, though, a cold can bring significant snowfall.

Cold fronts move much faster than warm fronts and can cause sharper changes in the weather. As a cold is passing through, you will notice temperatures drop quickly and then as it passes.

If you're watching the weather forecast on your local news, a cold will be marked by a solid blue line. The blue line marking the cold might also include triangles pointing in the direction the cold is moving.

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Grab a coat! Colder weather is moving into Wonderopolis today!

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Newsela | Architect designs tornado shelters for schools

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Cities and schools are eager to build tornado-safe rooms after a deadly storm in Oklahoma.

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Newsela | Hurricane forecasting enters the drone era

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Remote-controlled drones with "over-the-top technology" will be sent swirling into the eye of the storm where they will relay detailed weather information to forecasters safely on the ground.

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Newsela | Initial predictions for the 2018 hurricane season have arrived

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Newsela | Issue Overview: El Nino and La Nina

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

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Newsela | Big Questions: What are the biggest waves in history?

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Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

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Newsela | Tsunami pod inventor hopes it'll help families stay safe when disaster hits

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This survival pod can bring peace of mind to people who live in tsunami-prone areas.

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Newsela | Attuned to temblors: How well can scientists forecast massive earthquakes?

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An earthquakes sneaks up on its victims, but what if scientists could predict them?

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Newsela | Each volcano has unique warning signs that eruption is imminent

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Earth experiences a geological phenomenon known as volcanic eruptions. Pieces of Earth's crust, called tectonic plates, can collide together or pull apart, both of which cause magma - liquid rock - to shoot upward to the surface of Earth. Volcanic activity is also present on other planets and moons.

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Newsela | Eight facts about Hawaii's Kilauea volcano

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Kilauea on Hawaii's Big Island erupted last week, and more outbreaks are expected in the coming days.

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Newsela | NASA mission will study seismic waves made by earthquakes on Mars