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African American Resource Center
AARC is a resource center dedicated to enhancing the quality of life for faculty, staff, and students at Penn. While AARC focuses on people of African descent, any person associated with the University may use these free and confidential services.

Career Services
The Office of Career Services provides career counseling and resources for Penn’s diverse student body, including services tailored to meet the particular needs of special population and affinity groups.

Office of the Chaplain
Chaplains to the University Community are available to students, faculty and staff for pastoral support, guidance, or informal advising and counseling.

Counseling & Psychological Services
CAPS offers confidential free professional mental health care for all Penn students. Available services include individual and group therapy, crisis intervention, structured workshops, psychological testing, medication reviews, and more.

Greenfield Intercultural Center
The Albert M. Greenfield Intercultural Center offers programs, advising and advocacy to help students across the University enhance their intercultural knowledge, competency, and leadership.

Employee Assistance Program (PennKey required)
Penn's Employee Assistance Program provides eligible faculty and staff and their immediate family members access to free, confidential, around-the-clock counseling and referral services for personal and professional life issues.

Campus Health
The public health division of Penn’s Student Health Service, Campus Health seeks to improve health and well-being across campus through policy, health education, and epidemiology.

Human Resources Division
Penn’s HR department offers a variety of programs and resources to support all aspects of employees’ lives, from career development and achieving work-life balance, to mediation and dispute resolution.

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In metabolism, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another. The coenzyme is, therefore, found in two forms in cells: NAD⁺ is an oxidizing agent – it accepts electrons from other molecules and becomes reduced.

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RNA
-single stranded
-sugar is ribose
-has base uracil
-can not form B Helix
-converts genetic information from dna into a format that can build protiens
DNA
-double stranded
-sugar is deoxyribose
-has base Thymine
-can form B helix
-blueprint for genetic informaton

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In DNA:
Adenine, Guanine (purines) Cytosine, Thymine (pyrimidines)
In RNA:
Adenine, Guanine (purines)
Cytosine, Uracil (pyrimidines)

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Medical Services & Resources

University of Pennsylvania Health System
Penn Medicine’s central source for information, including physician directories, directions to facilities, online appointment scheduling, and health advice from one of America's best hospitals.

OncoLink®
The award-winning comprehensive online cancer resource from the Abramson Cancer Center at Penn.

Penn Nursing
Penn Nursing advances the entire nursing profession, from research and practice to policy, and delivers high-quality health services to seniors, neighbors, and clinics throughout the region.

Penn Dental Medicine
Penn Dental provides compassionate, comprehensive dental care with dentists in every specialty. Look here for information about the Dental School Clinics, Penn Dental Network and Faculty Practice Plan for faculty and staff.

Student Health Service
Schedule appointments online and learn about health services available at Penn, including emergency care, insurance, vaccines, and women's health.

Health, Counseling, & Mediation

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Phosphate Group: A phosphate group is just a phosphorus atom bound to four oxygen atoms, but it has many important roles. Along with sugars and bases, it makes up nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA. As part of energy carriers, like ATP, it provides energy for moving our muscles.
Nitrogenous base:  Purines and pyrimidines are the two categories of nitrogenous bases. Adenine and guanine are purines. Cytosine, thymine, and uracil are pyrimidines. In DNA, the bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). In RNA, the bases are adenine, thymine, uracil, and cytosine.
5 Carbon Sugar:
The 5 carbon sugar, ribose and deoxyribose are important components of nucleotides, and are found in RNA and DNA, respectively. The sugars found in nucleic acids are pentose sugars; a pentose sugar has five carbon atoms. A combination of a base and a sugar is called a nucleoside.

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Purines bond with pyrimidines due to hydrogen bonds allowing to form: Adenine-Thymine; Guanine-cytosine

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How many H bonds between A-T and G-C pairs?

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How many H bonds between A-T and G-C pairs?

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- There are two Hydrogen bonds between Adenine and Thymine and three Hydrogen bonds between Guanine and Cytosine