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Almond, P. C. (2021). Thoughts and prayers: Miracles, christianity and praying for rain. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/thoughts-and-prayers-miracles-christianity-and-praying-for-rain-125066

Australian Inspiration. (1840). Search. Australian Inspiration. Retrieved June 02, 2021 from https://www.australianinspiration.com.au/index.php?q=search.html

Called to Holiness in Australia. (2014). [PDF]. https://www.cam1.org.au/Portals/66/Called%20to%20Holiness%20in%20Australia-v3.pdf

Caroline Chisholm Education Foundation. (2021). Caroline Chisholm | Chisholm TAFE. Caroline Chisholm Education Foundation. Retrieved June 02, 2021 from https://www.chisholm.edu.au/about-us/caroline-chisholm-education-foundation/caroline-chisholm#:~:text=Caroline%20Chisholm%20(1808%2D1877)&text=Caroline%20Chisholm%20worked%20on%20improving,reunited%20with%20their%20loved%20ones.&text=In%201994%2C%20she%20was%20posthumously%20awarded%20the%20Order%20of%20Australia

Gooii. (n.d.). At sea - the voyage and conditions on board - victorian crime and punishment from e2bn. http://vcp.e2bn.org/justice/page11383-at-sea-the-voyage-and-conditions-on-board.html

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Iltis, Judith. (2021). Biography - Caroline Chisholm - Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved June 02, 2021 from https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chisholm-caroline-1894

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Who We Are | Chisholm TAFE. (2021). Caroline Chisholm Educational Foundation. Retrieved June 02, 2021 from https://www.chisholm.edu.au/about-us/who-we-are

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 Description of a 21st century group who continues similar participation in the priestly, prophetic, and kingly work. 

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 Description of a 21st century group who continues similar participation in the priestly, prophetic, and kingly work. 

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Even though she passed away many years ago, Caroline Chisholm’s legacy of standing up for the rights women continues on in our modern-day world through the “Caroline Chisholm Education foundation”. Based out of Victoria Australia, the foundation was foundered in 2007. The foundation is an education and trading provider and is an independent charitable trust. They provide top quality education that have resulted in those who partake in the foundation coming out with a “respected qualification”. The foundation’s mission is to “help students in financial hardship receive a high quality, vocational educational qualification, at Chisholm Institute” (Who We Are | Chisholm TAFE, 2021). This foundation carries on the priestly, prophetic and kingly work of Caroline by continuing to strive to educate others who need it most.

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 Observations and examples that demonstrate Caroline’s participation on the priestly, prophetic and kingly work of Jesus:  

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 Observations and examples that demonstrate Caroline’s participation on the priestly, prophetic and kingly work of Jesus:  

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Caroline Chisholm participated in many acts of self-initiated priestly work. In Australia, Caroline assisted immigrants (specifically young girls) by finding them positions and sheltering many of them in her own household. She sheltered the children even though they were convicts. She didn’t judge them and instead, she gave them a home and tried to help them find jobs. This would have been a huge sacrifice for Caroline as she would have had to look after not just her own children, but the other children as well, which would have cost a lot of money and taken a lot of time and effort. The reconciliation that she performed was bringing the family of convicts out to Australia for free. Not only did she demonstrate priestly work, but Caroline Chisholm also demonstrated prophetic worked when she fought for change in conditions on convict boats. She did this because she knew the conditions on board the convict ships were very unsafe and unhygienic, and she knew that it was wrong that convicts were forced to live through such terrible conditions. She fought for change and she spoke out against the injustice for convicts which is a prophetic action. In doing this action, Caroline was assisting with the convict’s human dignity. The girls would have felt import to society and would have also felt as though they were respected. This is an act of prophetic work as she was showing that no matter what part of society they were in (convicts etc), their human dignity was still respected. She also worked towards authentic freedom for the girls which showed that she understood that they contributed to society. Finally, Caroline demonstrated the kingly work of Jesus by founding the female school of industry for the daughters of European soldiers in 1832 when she went to India. She used her power and influence to open up this school for the young children which is exactly what the kingly work of Jesus was based around.

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Examples of prayers and/or spiritual practices that nourished this reformer:  

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Examples of prayers and/or spiritual practices that nourished this reformer:  

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Prayer One: Love thy Neighbour

The prayer “Love thy Neighbor”, inspired Caroline Chisholm in her time as it showed her that she needed to spread her love onto those around her even if she didn’t know who they were. The influence of this prayer was evident in her actions, specifically when she took in convict children and welcomed them into her own household.

Called to Holiness in Australia. (2014). [PDF]. https://www.cam1.org.au/Portals/66/Called%20to%20Holiness%20in%20Australia-v3.pdf

Prayer Two: A prayer of perseverance “Help me to lean on you for everything I need today. When I’m tempted to question your love, please remind me of the forgiveness”.

This prayer of perseverance could have inspired Caroline Chisholm in her time as it taught her that she could never give up. During her time, there was a lot of expectations surrounding the idea of what women should be like. Caroline, however, did not follow these outlines created by society, and chose to persevere regardless of what everyone else around her thought.
https://hellohope.com/blog/prayer-perseverance

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Analysis of at least one of the reformers writings-or those of a biographer:  

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Analysis of at least one of the reformers writings-or those of a biographer:  

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"I promise to know neither country nor creed, but to serve all justly and impartially”. "Advance Australia”.  "If Her Majesty's Government be really desirous of seeing a well-conducted community spring up in these Colonies, the social wants of the people must be considered” (Caroline Chisholm, 1840). This piece of speech are all direct quotes from Caroline Chisholm. The purpose of Caroline saying these things is to outline that the government needed to consider the needs and wants of convicts. She had been fighting for the conditions onboard convict ships to be improved and by saying these three things, she was calling on the government of that time to stop thinking about themselves and more upper-class people and start thinking about how the conditions on board convict ships were affecting convicts.

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Application of Biblical criticism to one parable likely to have inspired this reformer:

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Application of Biblical criticism to one parable likely to have inspired this reformer:

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World Behind the text:

The parable of the good Samaritan is set on a road from Jerusalem to Jericho in around 80CE to 90CE. The parable discusses how a man was walking along this road across Jerusalem to Jericho and he was attacked by robbers. This explains what the roads and general landscape was like in the time this story was set. During the time of Jesus, those who travelled across this road would have been walking downwards and would have continued to do so for around 804.672 metres. The total journey from Jerusalem to Jericho would have been around 28.9682km of rocky desert like conditions. This road was not just used by the public, it was also a major trading rout for caravans, travelling military forces, and religious travelers known as pilgrims (Road to Jericho (Setting for the Good Samaritan), 2020).

World of the text:

Jesus discusses the importance of loving your neighbour as you love yourself throughout the parable “the Good Samaritan” ( Luke 10:25-37 ). In this parable, a man is walking along the road from Jerusalem to Jericho when he is attacked by robbers. These robbers steal all of the man’s possessions, beat him up, and leave him to die on the side of the road. After a while, a priest walks past and sees the man, however, he doesn’t try to help him and instead walks to the other side of the road. Jesus says that the priest walks away because during this period of time, priests believed that if they were touch blood, they would become impure. As the parable continues, a Levite also walks by and sees the man however, just like the priest, he too continues to walk away. This is because during this period of time, the Levite also feared that by touching the man, he would become impure. After the Levite continues to walk past, a Samaritan walk past and sees the man, however, he stops and helps him. It bandages his wounds and takes him to an inn. This embodies the teaching that Jesus was speaking of. The good Samaritan helped the man even though he didn’t know him however, he was his neighbor, and the Samaritan knew that he needed to help him.

World In front of the Text:

This parable was explaining that as a society, we should learn to love those around us as we love ourselves. The good Samaritan taught us to love our neighbours as we love ourselves just like the good Samaritan helped the man who was beaten up by robbers. Although the Samaritan didn’t know who the man was, he still helped him which was a true example of what it is to love our neighbours. Some other examples in our modern-day society of loving our neighbours include the many charities we have such as Orange Sky Laundry. This charity provides a space where people in the community who are struggling, are able to take a shower and have their laundry cleaned whilst also having a chat with one of the employees. These actions follow in the footsteps of Jesus, inspiring human rights and dignity as this charity spends their time looking after strangers in order to make them feel loved which proves that they are loving their neighbours as they love themselves. This parable not only influenced our society today, but it may also have influenced the people of earlier times, specifically, Caroline Chisholm. She opened her home to strangers and tried to help them build a proper life which is a clear sign that she loved her neighbours as she loved herself.

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An outline of the context and life circumstances 

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An outline of the context and life circumstances 

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Caroline Chisholm, daughter of Sarah and William Jones, was an English humanitarian who worked primarily in India and Australia. Born in 1808, Caroline was raised on a farm near Northampton England. She grew up with a large family consisting of 12 children from her father’s previous marriage, and 7 from her mother. When she was 22, she agreed to marry Archibald Chisholm, a Roman catholic who was 13 years older than her. In 1832, Caroline and her husband Archibald travelled to India, after Archibald was posted there. Whilst there, Caroline foundered the female school of industry for the daughters of European soldiers. After this, in 1838 both of the Chisholm’s decided to spend there leave in Sydney Australia. It was here that she assisted immigrants (specifically young girls) by finding positions in the workforce and sheltering many in her own home. Conditions on board the convict ships were extremely unsafe and unhygienic. Many convicts on board caught diseases and died, convicts were forced into chains and shackles. In most cases, convicts were only allowed on deck to exercise and for the occasional breath of fresh air. Caroline knew that this was having a detrimental impacts on the convicts and their families which is why she decided that she would fight for this issue to be changed. She did this by welcoming young women convicts into her own home and assisted them with finding them jobs as she knew that they even though they were convicts, they were still human beings who needed support.  In 1841, she foundered the Female immigrant’s home in Sydney. This home provided young women immigrants shelter and also helped them find jobs. She passed away on March 25th 1877 in London, age 68.