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Inorganic pollutants are non-biodegradable. The accumulation of inorganic pollutants can have adverse effect on aquatic flora and fauna and can constitute a public health problem where contaminated organisms are used for food.

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Inorganic pollutants

Apart from the organic matter discharged in the water body through sewage and industrial wastes, high concentration of heavy metals and other inorganic pollutants contaminate the water. Inorganic pollutants include mineral acids, alkalis, metals, metallic salts, complexes of metals with organic compounds, trace elements, phosphates, nitrates, other salts, bleaches, sulphides, sulphates, cyanides, cyanates, chromates, and minerals etc.

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What is inorganic nutrient ?
- are chemical compounds produced by a variety of sources, many of which also release organic nutrient
- two most common inorganic nutrient are N & P
- promote growth of aquatic plant

Sources :
- human and animal waste
- industrial discharge
- excess fertilizer from runoff
- weathering process

Example from runoff :
- pesticides and fertilizer
- oil, grease, chemicals from car or truck
- heavy metal and chemical from site construction

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One of the most common sources of surface water pollution is human waste, especially in developing countries. In addition to human waste, there are issues with fertilizer seepage from farmland into groundwater. Industrial plants are also known to contaminate surface water with byproducts leaking into rivers and drainage systems.

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Protecting surface water from contamination will not only improve drinking water quality, but also valuable habitats. Here are some tips for local level surface water management:
1) Watershed Management
2) Eliminating Pesticides, Herbicides, and Fertilizers
3) Reduce Impervious Surfaces
4) Hold Municipalities Accountable

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Surface water pollution is often caused by nutrients, pathogens, plastics and chemicals such as antibiotics, heavy metals and pesticides

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1. NOR NADIA KHADIJAH BINTI MAHDZIR
2. NOOR SHAFIQAH

3. KONG ZHE QING

4. HARITH HAIQAL BIN MAZLAN

5. NUR ATHIRAH NAJWA BINTI MOHAMAD RADZI

6. WAN NUR SHAFIQA BINTI YUSNIZAM

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Algal Blooms and Surface Water

Algal blooms are another major threat to surface water. An influx of nutrients or heat can increase the quantity of algae. Often, this overload of nutrients is the result of agricultural fertilizer runoff. Harmful Algal Blooms or HABs occur after an influx of nutrients or a sudden increase in water temperature. HABs can then produce cyanotoxins, which are harmful to humans and the environment.

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Surface water is the most commonly observed water body which includes our streams, rivers, lakes, sea, oceans and other such small and large water bodies. When foreign and often hazardous bodies enter and mix with these water sources, it is termed as surface water pollution. With close to 8 billion tons being dumped into the oceans every year, the biggest pollutant of surface water pollution is, plastic!