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Information from: http://www.freudfile.org/psychoanalysis/papers_11.html
Freud said since we haven't gone through the experience of death and since death doesn't exist in our unconscious, we can't actually fear death itself. When we say we are afraid of death, we may actually fear something else like abandonment, or otherwise the fear of death may be the outcome of a sense of guilt. Yet Freud also specifies that fear of death dominates us more than we know. This theory relates to Oskar because he feels sort of abandoned from his father since he was gone just like that. With Oskar being so young, this is extremely tough on him and Oskar tends to feel guilty throughout the novel for not playing the messages from his father to anybody, including his mother.

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Throughout the novel Oskar gives himself bruises when he is upset or bothered by something. He tries to inflict pain on himself.

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Throughout the novel Oskar referred to heavy boots as being a burden on himself or something that weighed him down. In the beginning of the novel he had a chapter titled heavy boots, then later in the novel he had a chapter titled heavier boots. His burdens became heavier as the novel progressed.

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As in any great novel when interpreted into a movie, there will be difference. The beginning of our novel was a monologue of Oskar talking about if everything could talk. He also goes into how he is grown and random facts. This opening scene in the movie was very powerful.

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The hands in the book represent the grandfathers way of communication due to trauma from the war.

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Oskar follows the hero archetype in his own way. In most books the hero is someone who does something dramatic to save someone or something but in this case, Oskar is his own hero. The reason being is that he goes on this crazy adventure by himself to figure out the death behind his father. This shows a lot about Oskar with him being so young and even though Oskar at the end finds out that the key has nothing to do with his father, this wasn't such a bad thing to find out. Oskar is his own hero for finally facing the truth and realizing his father is not coming back.

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*The film was nominated for best picture at the 2012 Oscars.
*The scene in the novel of when Oskar and his mother were fighting connected well in the movie and became a very powerful scene.
* The movie can be described by some critics as dull and lifeless.

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Information from: http://www.empower-yourself-with-color-psychology.com/color-white.html
The color meaning of white symbolizes purity, innocence, wholeness and completion. This is ironic because Oskar is always constantly blaming himself for the "bad day". Oskar is trying to show everyone that he is perfectly okay and that the death of his father was no big deal, but deep down Oskar realizes that is not true. Also, the color white is a color of protection and encouragement, offering a sense of peace and calm, comfort and hope, helping to alleviate emotional upsets. It creates a sense of order and efficiency, a great help if you need to declutter your life. Oskar is wearing white to forget about his problems, however this didn't work out the way he was anticipating.

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Critics rated the movie a 5.5/10

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*Why are there three different narrators throughout the novel?
*In some way each narrator has experienced a terrorist attack. How are their experiences similar and different?
*Why does Foer make Oskar sound much older than a nine year old boy?
*What is the purpose of the images throughout the novel?

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The main conflict in the novel was an internal conflict between Oskar and himself. After his father's death Oskar struggled to hang on to his father's memories and did not want to let go or forget of the relationship he and his father shared. Oskar struggles to find meaning in his father's death and constantly holds in his pain and anguish instead of communicating that pain out loud to his loved ones. In order to try and hold on to his father's death Oskar keeps searching for clues to find answers to his father's death, only to realize that there are no clues left for him to find. It is hard for Oskar to move on with his life after the 9/11 attack. Oskar also does not give his father the mourning that he deserves as he can not bear the thought of losing his father forever.

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Love: Everyone in the novel is struggling with grief. Oskar is constantly longing for his mother's love and affection, now that his father is not there. Also, the grandfather is grieving over his first love, Anna.
Death: Oskar's father died on September 11, and throughout the whole book he is left with a devastating emptiness. His death causes Oskar to live in fear and have constant anxiety. Also, the struggle from Anna's death for the grandmother and grandfather was a death that affected the characters.
From Shmoop

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Characterization and Character Development 

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Characterization and Character Development 

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At the beginning of the novel Oskar had a tough time understanding and accepting what actually happened to his father. This led to him being traumatized by the event where he felt heartless. Oskar always depended on his father to cope with his nerves, but without his father with him, Oskar had to do this all on his own. By the end of the text, Oskar was able to accept the fact that his father was not coming back and he even said it was okay for his mother to love someone again. Oskar made incredible progress from the beginning to the end.

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http://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/39/e8/53/39e853bccf20e158cbe5d19af542eaaf.jpg

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The author uses many images that are actual photos taken by the main character, Oskar. Also, he uses different punctuation and blank pages during  different chapters.  The many different personalities have different styles of writing. For example, Oskar's chapters are written like a diary and shows his thoughts. The grandmother's chapters have no narration and very short sentences describing her feelings.

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Johnathan Safran Foer is an American novelist. He teaches creative writing at New York University. He was born in Washington D.C. and is the son of Albert and Esther Safran Foer who were Holocaust survivors born in Poland. Foer attended Georgetown Day School and Princeton University. Joyce Carol Oates was the first person who interested Foer in writing. Foer received the Princeton's Senior Creative Writing Thesis prize for his paper on the examination of his grandfather's life who was also a holocaust survivor. After Foer graduated from Princeton, he attended Mount Sinai School of Medicine briefly before dropping out to pursue his writing career.

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https://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/jun/04/featuresreviews.guardianreview22

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https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/extremely_loud_and_incredibly_close/

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Throughout the book, there were several events that the words "Extremely" and "Incredibly" were mentioned. With them being in the title, it was clear that it was related the more they were mentioned. The idea of Loud and Close was lost. It was actually not touched on until Oskar went and dug up Thomas's grave. The quote was "And then a thought came into my brain that wasn't like the other thoughts. It was closer to me, and louder... What about digging up Dad's empty coffin?" (259). Close had been used a few times to refer to the feeling he had with his father. It means personal closeness. Loud and close were used to refer to moments of immediacy of experiences. Especially when he talks about the actual attack on 9/11.

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The major text-to-world connection in this novel is the connection to 9/11. The events of 9/11 was very intertwined with the death of Thomas. But, more specifically, it related to the mental state of Oskar. Oskar was 9 years old when 9/11 happened. He was extremely close to his father. With him dying, Oskar was mentally and emotionally hurting from it. He imitated one of the children that lost his parents on that day. Anyone who lived through this event and read this book could relate to him.

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It is clear that the POV of this novel is first-person. However, there are three first-person narrations. The main story is from the step-by-step thoughts of Oskar. There is also the POV of his Grandmother and his Grandfather. His Grandmothers wrote a letter for Oskar to read. It was divided up into several chapters named "My Feelings". His Grandfather's chapters are individual letters that he in fact wrote for Thomas, Oskar's father. They were named "To My ..."