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For a couple of weeks, a photo has been doing the rounds on certain European news sites. It shows a credit card, with the logos of the European Union and the United Nations refugee agency. According to websites including Voice of Europe and Slovenia's Nova 24, this card is distributed to undocumented migrants to finance their travels across Europe. We've checked the claims - and they're totally false.

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Fact or Fake - Did the EU and UN distribute credit cards to undocumented migrants?

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For a couple of weeks, a photo has been doing the rounds on certain European news sites. It shows a credit card, with the logos of the European Union and the United Nations refugee agency. According to websites including Voice of Europe and Slovenia's Nova 24, this card is distributed to undocumented migrants to finance their travels across Europe.

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One issue causing real concern about public health is fake news around Covid-19 vaccines. In France, anti-vaccine sentiment is already high, with 46% of people hesitant to get jabbed in December 2020. Among the fake news circulating most widely: the claim that US billionaire Bill Gates is planning to implant us all with 5G microchips along with the Covid-19 vaccine. Fact or fake? Our team has debunked it for you.

Read more on related topics:

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Fact or Fake - Covid-19 vaccine: Is Bill Gates implanting us with 5G microchips?

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One issue causing real concern about public health is fake news around Covid-19 vaccines. In France, anti-vaccine sentiment is already high, with 46% of people hesitant to get jabbed in December 2020....

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These US police officers are responding to a gun threat, not evicting the homeless

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A video circulating on social media claims to show American police in Venice Beach, California, armed with assault rifles evicting a tent full of homeless individuals. The video, filmed on July 25, a…

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There have been several examples of Indian media getting the facts wrong on Pakistani involvement in Afghanistan. An Indian TV channel played footage from a video game, claiming it showed Pakistani Air Force activity in Afghanistan. The erroneous footage was first broadcast on Hasti TV, an Afghan channel based in the UK. But first, we see how India Today broadcast a fake tweet showing an image of a downed Pakistani jet. In reality, the image was taken in the US in 2018 and concerned a US Air Force jet.

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Truth or Fake - Video game footage is confused for Pakistani Air Force activity in Afghanistan

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There have been several examples of Indian media getting the facts wrong on Pakistani involvement in Afghanistan. An Indian TV channel played footage from a video game, claiming it showed Pakistani Air Force activity in Afghanistan. The erroneous footage was first broadcast on Hasti TV, an Afghan channel based in the UK.

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A video of teenagers behaving badly at a train station has been shared by a far-right politician in France, who called for the troublemakers to be deported from the country. The insinuation was two-fold: that the events took place in France and that the youths were immigrants. The FRANCE 24 Observers have fact-checked the video.

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Truth or Fake - Video showing assault used to criticise immigrants in France

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A video of teenagers behaving badly at a train station has been shared by a far-right politician in France, who called for the troublemakers to be deported from the country. The insinuation was two-fold: that the events took place in France and that the youths were immigrants.

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Two videos circulating online in India claim to show different scenes of Muslims praying in the street. In the first case, the FRANCE 24 Observers were able to determine that the video took place in Turkey. In another video, the scene is clearly in a Paris suburb, not anywhere in the UK.

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Truth or Fake - No, videos of Muslims praying in the street were not in the UK

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Two videos circulating online in India claim to show different scenes of Muslims praying in the street. In the first case, the FRANCE 24 Observers were able to determine that the video took place in Turkey. In another video, the scene is clearly in a Paris suburb, not anywhere in the UK.

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German elections 2021: The conspiracy theories targeting voters

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One wildly inaccurate claim suggests Germany does not actually exist.

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Russia has threatened to ban YouTube if it does not reinstate two German-language channels backed by the Russian state that were deleted for violating Covid misinformation guidelines.

Russian media watchdog Roskomnadzor accused YouTube of censorship.

The agency ​​"demanded" that the channels be restored.

It comes as YouTube also expanded its misinformation policies to cover all effective vaccines, not just Covid ones.

The tech firm said the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine being falsely attributed to causing autism, was one example of the types of content the new policy will cover which had previously been allowed.

Defying suspension

In the Russian argument, RT DE had already received a warning from YouTube for breaching coronavirus misinformation guidelines.

It was given a week-long suspension from posting on the platform.

During this time, RT used a second channel - Der Fehlende Part - to upload content which also violated these policies.

As a result, both were deleted by YouTube.

But the move may have repercussions.

Internet service providers in Russia can limit or block the flow of data to websites, as instructed by the government.

The state used these powers in March to restrict access to Twitter after Roskomnadzor said it failed to remove around 3,000 posts allegedly involving banned content.

In May, it also threatened to slow down YouTube for failing to remove videos it said were "unlawful".

"YouTube has always had clear community guidelines that outline what is allowed on the platform," a spokesperson for the platform said.

In August, Sky News Australia was suspended on the platform for a week after posting videos that denied the existence of Covid and encouraged the use of unproven and potentially dangerous treatments hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin.

Analysis by Alistair Coleman, BBC Monitoring

The Russian YouTube channels were taken down for posting misinformation about Covid and trying to evade a YouTube-imposed ban. Previously, they've been accused by Germany of 'manipulative' reporting on anti-lockdown protests, and for spreading divisive content ahead of last week's election.

YouTube's move to suspend the Russian state-operated channels has been met by predictable outrage from Moscow, which portrays itself as an innocent victim of US-backed 'Russophobia', trying to silence its voice abroad.

The affair is being portrayed by the Russian government as information warfare instigated by Germany, calling this incident "Operation Media Barbarossa", a reference to the Nazi invasion of Russia in 1941.

And it's expressing its anger through predictable means - suggesting that retaliatory measures are in the pipeline not only against YouTube, but also German broadcasters in Russia.

We can expect at least some sort of action from Moscow. RT's editor-in-chief Margarita Simonyan - a close friend of Vladimir Putin - says that she was looking forward to Moscow "banning Deutsche Welle and other German media outlets".

It's a predictable dance faced by governments and - increasingly - the big tech companies. How far can they tolerate misinformation from foreign broadcasters if their own media organisations get caught in the retaliatory crossfire?

YouTube's new rules on misinformation, meanwhile, mean any videos containing misinformation about any vaccine that has been approved by health authorities will be removed.

Under its previous guidelines, these videos would not be promoted by the website - meaning fewer views - but would not be deleted outright.

YouTube said it has removed 130,000 pieces of content related to Covid vaccine misinformation since last year, as part of a total of one million videos removed by the platform for spreading Covid-related misinformation.

More on this story

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Russia threatens YouTube ban for deleting RT channels

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Russia has threatened to ban YouTube if it does not reinstate two German-language channels backed by the Russian state that were deleted for violating Covid misinformation guidelines. Russian media watchdog Roskomnadzor accused YouTube of censorship. The agency ​​"demanded" that the channels be restored.