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What can we do to banish the remaining boarding schools that exist today?

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What can we do to banish the remaining boarding schools that exist today?

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YO (O)

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Were they ever reunited with their family?

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Were they ever reunited with their family?

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YO (C)

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How long were they in the boarding schools?

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How long were they in the boarding schools?

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YO (C)

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At this time were girls allowed to attend school?

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At this time were girls allowed to attend school?

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How did these boys end up at this school?  What is each one of their particular, unique story?

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How did these boys end up at this school?  What is each one of their particular, unique story?

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BH (O)

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What did their families feel as they lost their heritage? (O)

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What did their families feel as they lost their heritage? (O)

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AW

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Why did Americans feel the need to "Americanize" the Native population? (O)

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Why are these boys being forced to wear these suits?

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Why are these boys being forced to wear these suits?

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(C)

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What are these boys wearing?

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What was the result of this photograph?

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What was the purpose for this photo?

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What was the process of deculturalization like?  KR

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What was the process of deculturalization like?  KR

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O

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O

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Was this a result of Dawes Severalty Act?

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Was this a result of Dawes Severalty Act?

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JR

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Did their family want them there?

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Why was it important to deculturize these boys?

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Were they aware of why this was happening?

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Were they aware of why this was happening?

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NB (C)

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What was the intent behind these photographs?

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What was the intent behind these photographs?

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NB

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Was the positioning of those leaves intentional?

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Was the positioning of those leaves intentional?

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NB (C)

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NB (O)

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Where they forced to only speak English?

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Where they forced to only speak English?

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Did they have a choice when entering this school?

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Did they have a choice when entering this school?

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EF

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How much time went by between the two photos?

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How much time went by between the two photos?

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EF

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Did they boys know what was happening when they went to school?

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Did they boys know what was happening when they went to school?

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EF

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What choice did the boys have to cutting their hair and changing their clothes? What was their reaction?

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What choice did the boys have to cutting their hair and changing their clothes? What was their reaction?

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MW

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Did these boys choose to cut their hair and change clothes 

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Did these boys choose to cut their hair and change clothes 

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MW (C)

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Why did American society feel the right to steal these boy’s identities? 

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Why did American society feel the right to steal these boy’s identities? 

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MW (O)

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What conflict did these boys go through when they had to go against their tribe and cut their hair?

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What conflict did these boys go through when they had to go against their tribe and cut their hair?

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What long-lasting effects did the boarding school have on the boys, their community, and their descendants?

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What long-lasting effects did the boarding school have on the boys, their community, and their descendants?

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SM (O)

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To what extent did parents/other community members from the Lakota nation know this was happening? What contact were they able to have with the boys?

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To what extent did parents/other community members from the Lakota nation know this was happening? What contact were they able to have with the boys?

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SM (O)

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Do the boys know each other? Are they from the same community?

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Do the boys know each other? Are they from the same community?

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SM (O)

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What are the boys being told before and during this photo?

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What are the boys being told before and during this photo?

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SM (O)

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What is running through the boy's head as they take this photo?

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What is running through the boy's head as they take this photo?

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SM (O)

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How do the boys and their families feel about being forced to assimilate to the dominant white culture?

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How do the boys and their families feel about being forced to assimilate to the dominant white culture?

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SM? (O)

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Why does it appear that the second picture was done to invoke a response with the use of the leaves above the boy's head?

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Did the government succeed in "deculturalizing" the boys?

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Did the government succeed in "deculturalizing" the boys?

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JB

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For how long were they at the Carlisle school?

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For how long were they at the Carlisle school?

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JB

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JB

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How did they react when having their hair cut?

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How did they react when having their hair cut?

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JB

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JB

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JB

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Who is the audience for this photograph? 

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Who is the audience for this photograph? 

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ES

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If the photo was taken in 1900, did anyone follow up with what happened to these boys ? 

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If the photo was taken in 1900, did anyone follow up with what happened to these boys ? 

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ES

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What do the boys think of the changes forced upon them?

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What do the boys think of the changes forced upon them?

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ES

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MD

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What other methods besides clothes and language were used to "re-culture them?

How long were these methods used?

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What was the photographer's intent in taking this photo?

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What was the photographer's intent in taking this photo?

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MD

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MD

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MD

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MD

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How far apart where these pictures taken?

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How far apart where these pictures taken?

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MD

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Find one closed question to rewrite as an open question. Add it as a new question here (between these 2 blue dotted lines). Remember the question goes in the "Title" space and you initials go in the "Write Something" space.

Find one open question you'd like to rewrite as a closed question. Add it as a new question here.

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Review the questions that you asked. Find at least one to label “C” for closed-ended or and at least one to label “O” for open-ended.

Closed-ended: can be answered with “yes” or “no” or with one word.

Open-ended: require an explanation and cannot be answered with "yes”, “no”, or one word.

Then, edit your post using the pencil symbol and in the "write something" section, next to your initials, label it C or O.

THINK: What are the advantages and disadvantages of asking each type of question? (optional) Use the Add Comment chat box icon for this post, if you'd like to share an advantage or disadvantage you see for Open and/or Closed questions.  Add your first and last initial after any comments that you make.

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Step 4A: Go back and read everyone's work!

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Step 4A: Go back and read everyone's work!

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Take a couple minutes to read all of the questions.

Please add at least one new question based on someone else's question. Add that new question as a "comment" on their question. Remember to put your first and last initials in your comment.

Feel free to post more than one new question!

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1. Put 5 minutes on a timer. Press start!

2. Double click anywhere on this section (between the dotted lines ) to post a question.

3. In the Title section, type your question exactly as it first comes to mind.

4. In the Write Something section, type your first and last initial.

5. When finished, click again anywhere on this web page to post another question.

6. Read the questions other people have posted. Feel free to add new, but related questions as "comments" on a question someone else posted.

7. Keep adding questions until time is up.

8. Click and drag your questions so that they aren't blocking anything.

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1. Click on the image below to enlarge it.

2. Observe the primary source image closely and silently for 30 seconds.

3. Read and consider the citation notes:

Three Lakota boys on their arrival at the Carlisle Indian School.

(Courtesy Smithsonian Institution, National Anthropological Archives [Choate #125]. Images from the National Anthropological Archives may not be reproduced without permission.)

The same three Lakota boys begin the process of deculturization at the Carlisle Indian School.(Courtesy Smithsonian Institution, National Anthropological Archives [#57,490]. Images from the National Anthropological Archives may not be reproduced without permission.)

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Step 1: Review the rules for asking questions 

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Step 1: Review the rules for asking questions 

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1. Ask as many questions as you can
2. Do not stop to discuss, judge or answer the questions

3. Write down every question exactly as it first comes to mind

4.Change any statements into a question

Remember to follow these rules when you begin asking questions!

THINK: What might be difficult in following those 4 rules? Use the Add Comment chat box icon for this post, if you'd like to share a thought. Add your first and last initial after any comments that you make.