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Irena Sendler was born on the 15 of February 1910 to her two parents Janina Krzyżanowska and Stanisław Krzyżanowski. As a kid Irena had a hard time after her father (Stanisław Krzyżanowski) pasted away from thypus disease in 1917.

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Mum: Janina Krzyżanowska
Dad: Stanisław Krzyżanowski
Siblings: None
Children: Janina Zgrzembska,Andrzej Zgrzembski,Adam Zgrzembski

Spouse: Stefan Zgrzembski,Mieczysław Sendler

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Jew, Hebrew Yĕhūdhī or Yehudi, any person whose religion is Judaism. In the broader sense of the term, a Jew is any person belonging to the worldwide group that constitutes, through descent or conversion, a continuation of the ancient Jewish people, who were themselves descendants of the Hebrews of the Bible ( Old Testament). In ancient times, a Yĕhūdhī was originally a member of Judah-i.e., either of the tribe of Judah (one of the 12 tribes that took possession of the Promised Land) or of the subsequent Kingdom of Judah (in contrast to the rival Kingdom of Israel to the north). The Jewish people as a whole, initially called Hebrews (ʿIvrim), were known as Israelites (Yisreʾelim) from the time of their entrance into the Holy Land to the end of the Babylonian Exile (538 bce). Thereafter, the term Yĕhūdhī (Latin: Judaeus; French: Juif; German: Jude; and English: Jew) was used to signify all adherents of Judaism, because the survivors of the Exile (former inhabitants of the Kingdom of Judah) were the only Israelites who had retained their distinctive identity. (The 10 tribes of the northern kingdom of Israel had been dispersed after the Assyrian conquest of 721 bce and were gradually assimilated by other peoples.) The term Jew is thus derived through the Latin Judaeus and the Greek Ioudaios from the Hebrew Yĕhūdhī. The latter term is an adjective occurring only in the later parts of the Hebrew Bible and signifying a descendant of Yehudhah (Judah), the fourth son of Jacob, whose tribe, together with that of his half brother Benjamin, constituted the Kingdom of Judah.

In the modern world, a definition of Jew that would be satisfactory to all is virtually impossible to construct, for it involves ethnic and religious issues that are both complex and controversial. In daily life, for example, those who consider themselves Jews are generally accepted as such by Jews and non-Jews alike, even though such persons may not observe religious practices. While all Jews agree that a child born of a Jewish mother is Jewish, Reform Judaism goes beyond Orthodox and Conservative Judaism in affirming that a child is Jewish if either one of the parents is a Jew.

From a purely religious standpoint, Gentile converts to Judaism are accepted as Jewish in the fullest sense of the word. Under Israel's Law of Return (1950) as amended in 1970, all non-Israeli Jews and Gentile converts to Judaism are entitled to settle in Israel and receive full Israeli citizenship. However, converts who wish to marry in Israel must demonstrate that they were converted under the supervision of an Orthodox rabbi approved by the country's chief rabbinate, which is authorized to settle questions of personal status regarding marriage and divorce. The Supreme Court of Israel has made incursions into rabbinic interpretations of personal status.

Citizens of the State of Israel are called Israelis, a term carrying no ethnological or religious connotations.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Amy Tikkanen.

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Jew, Hebrew Yĕhūdhī or Yehudi, any person whose religion is Judaism. In the broader sense of the term, a Jew is any person belonging to the worldwide group that constitutes, through descent or conversion, a continuation of the ancient Jewish people, who were themselves descendants of the Hebrews of the Bible (Old Testament).

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Finish me off

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Irena Sendler saved over 2,500 kids. She was a Social worker who helped people during world war ll and before world war ll

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Irena Sendler: Irena Sendler, (Irena Krzyzanowska), Polish social worker (born February 15, 1910, Otwock, Russian Empire [now in Poland]-died May 12, 2008, Warsaw, Pol.), rescued some 2,500 Jewish children from the Warsaw ghetto during World War II. Trained as a social worker, Sendler became (1942) a member of

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Irena Sendler was a Great person and unfortunately passed away on. The 12 of May 2008 at the age of 98

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"I was raised to believe that the question of religion, nation, belonging to any race is of no importance - it's a human being that matters!"

- Irena Sendler wrote.

Irena Sendler was born on 15th February 1910 in Warsaw. She spent her childhood in Otwock where her father, Stanisław Henryk Krzyżanowski, a doctor, was the director of a sanatorium.

Before the War

She began her studies at University of Warsaw in 1928. As a student, she joined the Union of Polish Democratic Youth. On and off, she studied law and Polish studies, neither of which she completed. Shortly before the outbreak of World War II, she prepared her Master's thesis on a Polish writer Eliza Orzeszkowa, which she planned to defend in the autumn of 1939.

In 1931, she married Mieczysław Sendler, an assistant in the Department of Classical Philology at University of Warsaw. An officer in September 1939, he spent five and a half years in the German prisoner-of-war camp in Woldenberg.

Sendler began her professional life in 1932. She worked in the legal department for the Mother and Child Assistance Division at the Free Polish University. At the same time, she acted as a social worker, psychotherapist and, as we would call it today, a sex educator. When, in 1935, her section closed down, she obtained a position in the Warsaw Department of Social Welfare and Public Health - which is where she worked when the War broke out.

The Outbreak of War

A short time after the Germans entered Poland, together with her colleagues from the Department ( Jadwiga Piotrowska, Irena Schultz and Jadwiga Deneko), she began organising help for Jews.

In her statement to the Yad Vashem Institute, she wrote:

"The basis for providing social welfare was a background survey. The idea was to fake these surveys. So, we would write some random Polish surname and thus we got money or clothing."

Help for Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto

After 16th November 1940, when the Germans closed off the Warsaw Ghetto, Sendler entered the ghetto thanks to a pass issued to her by the director of the Municipal Sanitation Department, Juliusz Majkowski. At that time, she acted on her own. She visited friends, providing them with food, medicines and helped them to sell their belongings. Over time, she began helping in organisation of children's activities and concerts in the ghetto.

"The majority of social workers had passes, but children were moved from the ghetto only incidentally. In the main, carers only began their work after the children or adults had been led out of the ghetto," said Jadwiga Piotrowska.

"During 1940-1942, we placed a dozen or so Jewish infants into the Polish side," recalled Sendler. Most probably, even before 22nd July 1942 - the beginning of the German operation to liquidate the Warsaw Ghetto - she sought finances to save Jewish children. After the liquidation began, her pass continued to be valid.

The "Żegota" Council to Aid Jews

Most likely in January 1943, she made contact with Julian Grobelny ("Trojan"), Chairman of the "Żegota" Council to Aid Jews. Linking with the structure of that Polish-Jewish underground organisation enabled to combine its efforts with those of the staff of the Social Welfare Department. Irena took on the pseudonym "Jolanta." She passed money onto those in need, seeking new places for them to hide.

In August 1943, she joined the Children's Department of "Żegota". In September, Irena Sendler took over the unit from Aleksandra Dargiel and a few days later got arrested by the Gestapo.
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Pawiak Prison

Irena Sendler was released from Pawiak Prison thanks to the payment of a bribe financed by the Council, organised by her friend from the Social Welfare Department, Maria Palester. Sendler became "Klara Dąbrowska," changed her residence and continued to work with "Żegota."

When the Warsaw Uprising broke out on 1st August 1944, Irena was in the Palesters' home in Warsaw district of Mokotów. Until Spetember, she served as a nurse at the medical aid unit on Fałata Street. Under the surname Zgrzembski, her future husband Adam Celniker hid with her. She had earlier helped him in the ghetto. An entire group had escaped from the camp in Pruszków and ended up in Okęcie, where together they had set up a hospital post.

Family and Work after the War

For a few years after the War, survivor girls Irena Wojdowska and Teresa Tucholska lived with her. She divorced Mieczysław Sendler and, years later, they re-united. She had two sons and a daughter. One of the boys died soon after birth. The second son suffered from heart problems and passed away in the 1990's.

She continued working in the Social Welfare Department. She was involved in social work and education. She was active in the League of Women and, in the Warsaw National Council, she chaired the Widows and Orphans Committee and the Health Committee. She belonged to the National League to Fight Racism, founded by "Żegota" activists Arczyński, Berman, Rek and Bartoszewski. She also belonged to the Friends of Children Association and to the Society of Secular Schools.

In 1947, she joined the Polish Workers Party and became part of the Social-Professional Department of the Polish Workers Party Central Committee. She was active in the Ministries of Education and Health. In 1950, she was removed from her position as head of the Municipal Social Welfare Department. She became director of the Social Welfare Department of the Union of Invalids, a position she held for a dozen or so years, until she received her pension in the 1960's due to her heart conditions.

According to her daughter, Janina Zgrzembska, after 1956, on the wave of an antisemitic campaign, she considered going to Israel. In March 1968, she talked with Jadwiga Piotrowska about the creation of "a new Żegota."

The Title of Righteous Among the Nations

In 1946, she received the Gold Cross of Merit for saving Jews during the occupation - the first of many awards presented to her after the War. The Yad Vashem Institute in Jerusalem honoured her with the title of Righteous Among the Nations in 1965. A dozen or so years later, in 1983, during a visit to Israel, she planted an olive tree in the Garden of the Righteous.

"A tree on a mountain in Jerusalem is even more than a monument. The monument could be destroyed, and the Memorial Tree will always grow."

She died on 12th May 2008 at the age of ninety-eight.

Karolina Dzięciołowska / English translation: Andrew Rajcher, May 2018
The article is based on: bibliography

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"I was raised to believe that the question of religion, nation, belonging to any race is of no importance - it's a human being that matters!" - Irena Sendler wrote. Irena Sendler was born on 15th February 1910 in Warsaw. She spent her childhood in Otwock where her father, Stanisław Henryk Krzyżanowski, a doctor, was the director of a sanatorium.

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Here is a video to watch about Irena Sendler (biography)

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Here is a video to watch about Irena Sendler (biography)

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Irena Sendler: The Polish woman who saved 2,500 Jewish children