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Ordinary People and the Crimes Against Humanity

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Ordinary People and the Crimes Against Humanity

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prepared by SriDevi of Grade 9 Akara world schools, Tiruchirappalli

1. 1. TO MY PRESENTATION DONE BY :SRIDEVI.P welcome

2. 2. YOUTH IN NAZI GERMANY  Hitler was fanatically interested in the youth of the country.  He felt that a strong Nazi society could be established only by teaching children Nazi ideology. This required a control over the child both inside and outside school.  Under Nazism all schools were cleansed and purified. This meant that teachers who were Jews or seen as 'politically unreliable' were dismissed.  The childrens were Children were first segregated: Germans and Jews could not sit together or play together.

3. 3.  Children were first segregated: Germans and Jews could not sit together or play together.  JEWS COMMUNIST IN NAZI GERMANY  Subsequently, 'undesirable children' - Jews, the physically handicapped, Gypsies - were thrown out of schools.

4. 4. THE NAZI CULT OF MOTHERHOOD  Women were different from men.  Girls were taught to be kind hearted and humble.  Where boys were taught to be steel hearted and aggressive.  Girls had to maintain their distance from Jews , look after home, and teach their children Nazi values.  In 1933 Hitler said: 'In my state the mother is the most important citizen.'  But in Nazi Germany all mothers e not treated equally.

5. 5.  who bore racially undesirable children were punished and those who produced racially desirable children were awarded.  To encourage women to produce many childrens.  Those who maintained with Jews, Poles and Russians were paraded through the town with shaved heads, blackened faces and placards hanging around their necks announcing 'I have sullied the honour of the nation'.  Many received jail sentences and lost civic honour as well as their husbands and families for this criminal offence.  They were given favoured treatment in hospitals and were also entitled to concessions in shops and on theatre tickets and railway fares.

6. 6. The Art of Propaganda  The Nazi regime used language and media with care, and often to great effect.  The terms they coined to describe their various practices are not only deceptive. They are chilling.  Nazis never used the words 'kill' or 'murder' in their official communications.  Mass killings were termed special treatment, final solution (for the Jews), euthanasia (for the disabled), selection and disinfections.

7. 7.  Nazi ideas were spread through visual images, films, radio, posters, catchy slogans and leaflets.  In posters, groups identified as the 'enemies' of Germans were stereotyped, mocked, abused and described as evil.  Socialists and liberals were represented as weak and degenerate.  Propaganda films were made to create hatred for Jews. The most infamous film was The Eternal Jew.  They were with flowing beards wearing kaftans.  Whereas in reality it was difficult to distinguish German Jews by their outward appearance because they were a highly assimilated community.

8. 8.  They were referred to as vermin, rats and pests.  Their movements were compared to those of rodents.  Nazism worked on the minds of the people, tapped their emotions, and turned their hatred and anger at those marked as 'undesirable'.  The Nazis made equal efforts to appeal to all the different sections of the population.  They sought to win their support by suggesting that Nazis alone could solve all their problems.

9. 9.  A Nazi poster attacking Jews; Caption above reads: 'Money is the God of Jews.  In order to earn money he commits the greatest crimes.  He does not rest, until he can sit on a big sack of money, until he has become the king of money.'

10. 10. Ordinary People and the Crimes Against Humanity .  How did the common people react to Nazism? Many saw the world through Nazi eyes, and spoke their mind in Nazi language. They felt hatred and anger surge inside them when they saw someone who looked like a Jew. They marked the houses of Jews and reported suspicious neighbours. They genuinely believed Nazism would bring prosperity and improve general well-being.

11. 11.  But not every German was a Nazi.  Many organised active resistance to Nazism, braving police repression and death.  The large majority of Germans, however, were passive onlookers and apathetic witnesses.  They were too scared to act, to differ, to protest.  They preferred to look away. Pastor Niemoeller, a resistance fighter, observed an absence of protest, an uncanny silence, amongst ordinary Germans in the face of brutal and organised crimes committed against people in the Nazi empire.

12. 12. 'First they came for the Communists, Well, I was not a Communist - So I said nothing. Then they came for the Social Democrats, Well, I was not a Social Democrat So I did nothing, Then they came for the trade unionists, But I was not a trade unionist. And then they came for the Jews, But I was not a Jew - so I did little. Then when they came for me, There was no one left who could stand up for me.' He wrote movingly about this silence:

13. 13.  What Jews felt in Nazi Germany is a different story altogether.  Charlotte Beradt secretly recorded people's dreams in her diary and later published them in a highly disconcerting book called the Third Reich of Dreams.  She describes how Jews themselves began believing in the Nazi stereotypes about them.  They dreamt of their hooked noses, black hair and eyes, Jewish looks and body movements.  The stereotypical images publicised in the Nazi press haunted the Jews.  They troubled them even in their dreams.  Jews died many deaths even before they reached the gas chamber.

14. 14. Knowledge about the Holocaust  About the Nazi practices had trickled out of Germany during the last years of the regime.  It was only after the war ended and Germany was defeated that the world came to realise the horrors of what had happened.  The Germans were preoccupied with their own plight as a defeated nation emerging out of the rubble, the Jews wanted the world to remember the atrocities and sufferings they had endured during the Nazi killing operations - also called the Holocaust.  At its height, a ghetto inhabitant had said to another that he wanted to outlive the war just for half an hour.

15. 15. The Holocaust: During the IInd world war. The word HOLOCAUST means : A very large amount of destruction, especially by fire or heat, or the killing of very large numbers of people.

16. 16. The word Ghetto means: an area of a city, especially a very poor area, where people of a particular race or religion live closely together and apart from other people:

17. 17.  The Venetian Ghetto was the area of Venice in which Jews were compelled to live by the government of the Venetian Republic. The English word "ghetto" is derived from the Jewish ghetto in Venice. The Venetian Ghetto was instituted on 29 March 1516 and is the oldest Jewish ghetto in the world. It was not the first time that Jews in Venice were compelled to live in a segregated area of the city.  The Holocaust, also referred to as the Shoah, was a genocide during World War II in which Nazi Germany, aided by its collaborators, systematically murdered some six million European Jews, around two-thirds of the Jewish population of Europe, between 1941 and 1945. Jews were targeted for extermination as part of a larger event involving the persecution and murder of other groups, including in particular the Roma and "incurably sick", as well as ethnic Poles and other Slavs, Soviet citizens, Soviet prisoners of war, political opponents, gay men and Jehovah's Witnesses, resulting in up to 17 million deaths overall

18. 18. GERMAN FARMER BELONG TO HITLER!

19. 19.  Inhabitants of the Warsaw ghetto collected documents and placed them in three milk cans along with other containers. As destruction seemed imminent, these containers were buried in the cellars of buildings in 1943. This can was discovered in 1950.

20. 20.  Denmark secretly rescued their Jews from Germany. This is one of the boats used for the purpose.

21. 21.  This indomitable spirit to bear witness and to preserve the documents can be seen in many ghetto and camp inhabitants who wrote diaries, kept notebooks, and created archives.  On the other hand when the war seemed lost, the Nazi leadership distributed petrol to its functionaries to destroy all incriminating evidence available in offices .  Yet the history and the memory of the Holocaust live on in memoirs, fiction, documentaries, poetry, memorials and museums in many parts of the world today.  These are a tribute to those who resisted it, an embarrassing reminder to those who collaborated, and a warning to those who watched in silence.

22. 22. THANK YOU

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Published on prepared by SriDevi of Grade 9 Akara world schools, Tiruchirappalli 1. TO MY PRESENTATION DONE BY :SRIDEVI.P welcome 2. YOUTH IN NAZI GERMANY  Hitler was fanatically interested in the youth of the country.  He felt that a strong Nazi society could be established only by teaching children Nazi ideology.

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Hitler Youth, organization set up by Adolf Hitler in 1933 for educating and training male youth in Nazi principles. Under the leadership of Baldur von Schirach, head of all German youth programs, the Hitler Youth included by 1935 almost 60 percent of German boys. On July 1, 1936, it became a state agency that all young "Aryan" Germans were expected to join.

Upon reaching his 10th birthday, a German boy was registered and investigated (especially for "racial purity") and, if qualified, inducted into the Deutsches Jungvolk ("German Young People"). At age 13 the youth became eligible for the Hitler Youth, from which he was graduated at age 18. Throughout these years he lived a spartan life of dedication, fellowship, and Nazi conformity, generally with minimum parental guidance. From age 18 he was a member of the Nazi Party and served in the state labour service and the armed forces until at least the age of 21.

Two leagues also existed for girls. The League of German Girls (Bund Deutscher Mädel) trained girls ages 14 to 18 for comradeship, domestic duties, and motherhood. Jungmädel ("Young Girls") was an organization for girls ages 10 to 14.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Adam Augustyn.

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Hitler Youth | Definition, History, & Facts

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Hitler Youth, organization set up by Adolf Hitler in 1933 for educating and training male youth in Nazi principles. Under the leadership of Baldur von Schirach, it included by 1935 almost 60 percent of German boys. On July 1, 1936, it became a state agency that all young 'Aryan' Germans were expected to join.

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My Favorite Hitler Youth

Hitler Youth to American Soldier. Friedrich started life as a Hitler Youth in Nazi Germany. After years of beatings and humiliation, he finally escaped to the USA. Friedrich became Fred Curtis, a US citizen, who fought against the Nazis during WWII.

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Hitler Youth to American Soldier. Friedrich started life as a Hitler Youth in Nazi Germany. After years of beatings and humiliation, he finally escaped to the USA. Friedrich became Fred Curtis, a US citizen, who fought against the Nazis during WWII.

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Concentration Camp - The War, a Nebraska Story

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1. 1. RED HOUSE

2. 2. RED HOUSE PRESENTS PPT ON:-

3. 3. Birth * Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in Braunau, Austria. * Adolf was 1 of 6 children - 3 of who died at early ages

4. 4. Parents Alois Schickelgruber Hitler was a customs official who was illegitimate by birth. His father, Adolf's grandfather, may have been Jewish. He died when Adolf was 14 and left him a small inheritance. Klara Hitler was very young when she married the older Alois. She showered young Adolf with love and affection. Adolf carried a picture of his mom until the day he died. She died of breast cancer when Adolf was 18 years old.

5. 5. Education * Attended a Benedictine monastery school where he took part in the choir. * When it was time to choose a secondary school, Adolf wanted to become an artist. * His father wanted him to become a civil servant, but after his father died, he dropped out of high school and attempted to get into the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts - he failed.

6. 6. Years in Vienna * After his mother died, Adolf (now 18) decided to move to Austria to pursue his dream of becoming a great artist. * Again he failed to gain entrance into the Academy * He eventually sold all his possessions and became a homeless drifter who slept on park benches and ate at soup kitchens throughout Vienna (age 19) * Adolf did manage to sell some paintings and postcards, but remained impoverished

7. 7. Vienna -Importance * Influenced by the anti- Semitic mayor of Vienna, Karl Lueger * Became interested in the idea of German nationalism. * Also received first taste of politics

8. 8. Military Service Adolf left Austria at the age of 24 to avoid mandatory military service that was required of all men. But he did sign up for military service at the start of WW I. He joined a Bavarian unit of the German Army. This is a picture of Hitler listening to an enlistment speech.

9. 9. World War I * Excited to fight for Germany. * Found a home fighting for the Fatherland. * Highest rank held was corporal. * Was a regimental messenger, not an easy job at all.

10. 10. German Loss in WW I * Hitler was devastated when he heard the news of the German surrender. * He was appalled at the anti-war sentiment among the German civilians. * Believed there was an anti-war conspiracy that involved the Jews and Marxists. * Also, felt that the German military did not lose the war, but that the politicians (mostly Jews) at home were responsible for the defeat.

11. 11. Life after WW I * Hitler was depressed after WW I. * Still in the army, he became an undercover agent whose job was to root out Marxists * Also, lectured about the dangers of Communism and Jews

12. 12. German Worker's Party * Hitler was sent to investigate this group in Munich in 1919. * He went to a meeting and gave a speech. * He was then asked to become a member, which he did

13. 13. NAZI Party is Formed * Hitler began to think big for the German Worker's Party * Began placing ads for meetings in anti-Semitic newspapers * Hitler changed the name to National Socialist German Worker's Party or the NAZIS

14. 14. Party Platform * Hitler drafted a platform of 25 points * Revoke Versailles Treaty * Revoke civil rights of Jews * Confiscate any war profits Besides changing the party name, the red flag with the SWASTIKA was adopted as the party symbol

15. 15. Nazism * Nazism, commonly known as National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus), refers primarily to the ideology and practices of the Nazi Party under Adolf Hitler; and the policies adopted by the government of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945, a period also known as the Third Reich. The official name of the party was Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP) - "National Socialist German Workers' Party". The Nazis were one of several historical groups that used the term National Socialism to describe themselves, and in the 1920s they became the largest such group. Nazism is generally considered by scholars to be a form of fascism, and while it incorporated elements from both political wings, it formed most of its temporary alliances on the political right. Among the key elements of Nazism were anti-parliamentarism, ethnic nationalism, racism, collectivism, eugenics, antisemitism, opposition to economic liberalism and political liberalism, anti-communism, and totalitarianism.

16. 16. The Nazi Party's Rise to Power: 1928-1933 ►In 1928 Hitler's Nazi Party were a small, insignificant party. They enjoyed little success in elections and were viewed as little more than thugs by the political elite. By 1933 however Hitler was the chancellor of Germany. The Nazi's had risen from obscurity to power, total power.

17. 17. Treaty of Versailles and impositions on Germany ►The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of World War I were dealt with in separate treaties.

18. 18. Rise of Hitler Factors ►Inability of Weimar to cope with economic crisis ►Hitler's manipulation of situation ►Public desire for order and strength ►Politicians naivety in dealing with Hitler ►Fear of communism Lead to ►Rise of National Socialism ►Instability of Weimar government

19. 19. The Nazis And The Jews ►The nazis hated the jews because of the following main reasons.They were- ►Christ Killlers ►Defeat of Germany in World War II ►Inferior race ►Great depression of 1929 hated

20. 20. IMPLEMENTING THEIR DREAMS * Once in power, the Nazi's quickly began to implement thier dream of creating an exclusive racial community of pure Germans by physically eliminating all those who were seen as 'undesirable' in the extended empire. * Nazi's wanted only a society of 'pure and healthy Nordic Aryans'. They alone were considered desirable. Only they were seen as worthy of prospering and multiplying against all others who were classed as undesirable. * This meant that even those Germans who were seen as impure or abnormal had no right to exist. * Jews remained the worst sufferers in Nazi Germany. Gypsies and blacks in living in Nazi Germany were also treated as inferiors

21. 21. Jews being killed in Nazi Germany

22. 22. Nazi's realize their murderous, racial ideal. * Under the shadow of war, the Nazi's proceeded to realise their murderous, racial ideal. Genocide and war became two sides of the same coin. Occupied Poland was divided up. Much of north-western Poland was annexed to Germany. Poles were forced to leave their homes and properties behind to be occupied by ethnic Germans brought in from occupied europe. * The other part of Germany was known as the General Government, the destination of all the 'undesirables' of the empire. * With some of the largest ghettos and gas chambers, the General government also served as the killing fields for the Jews.

23. 23. This is one of the freight cars used to deport Jews to the death chambers

24. 24. Gas chambers where the Jews were killed

25. 25. Steps to death (Jews) Stage 1 : 1933-1939 You have no right to line among us. The Nuremberg Laws of citizenship of September 1935: * 1. Only Persons of German or related blood would henceforth be German citizens enjoying the protection of the German forbidden. * 2. Marriages between Jews and Germans were forbidden. * 3. Extramarital relations between Jews and Germans became a crime. * 4. Jews were forbidden to fly the national flag. Other legal measures included: Boycott of Jewish businesses Expulsion from government services Forced selling and confiscation of their properties

26. 26.  1) Killed while trying to escape. The camps were enclosed with live wires.  2) Piles of clothes outside the gas chambers.  3 & 4 ) Concentration chambers

27. 27. JEWS UNDER NAZIS One should differentiate between the cultural antisemitism symptomatic of the German conservatives - found especially in the German officer corps and the high civil administration - and mainly directed against the Eastern Jews on the one hand, and völkisch antisemitism on the other. On April 1, 1933, Jewish doctors, shops, lawyers and stores were boycotted. Only six days later, the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service was passed, banning Jews from being employed in government. This law meant that Jews were now indirectly and directly dissuaded or banned from privileged and upper-level positions reserved for "Aryan" Germans. From then on, Jews were forced to work at more menial positions, beneath non-Jews, pushing them to more labored positions. On August 25, 1933, the Haavara Agreement was signed, which allowed 60,000 German Jews to emigrate to Palestine by 1939. At the same time the Reich Citizenship Law was passed and was reinforced in November by a decree, stating that all Jews, even quarter- and half-Jews, were no longer citizens. This meant that they had no basic civil rights, such as that to vote. In 1936, Jews were banned from all professional jobs, effectively preventing them from exerting any influence in education, politics, higher education and industry. Because of this, there was nothing to stop the anti-Jewish actions which spread across the Nazi-German economy. In particular, Jews were penalized financially for their perceived racial status.

28. 28. Jews emigrating from Berlin to Jews in concentration camps the United States, 1939

29. 29. THE ART OF PROPAGANDA ........... The Nazi regime used language and media with care and often to great effect for Propaganda, they coined different words for their official communications such as - Mass Killing were termed "Special Treatment"," Final solution" for the Jews, "euthanasis" " selection" and "disinfection" for the disabled. "Evacuation" meant deporting people to gas chambers and gas chambers were termed as "disinfection area" and looked like bathroom equipped with fake showerheads. Nazi idea were spread through visual images, films, radio, posters, catchy slogan and Leaflets, propaganda films were made to create hatred for Jews and the most famous Film was "The Eternal Jew". Jewish ghettos in Europe existed because Jews were viewed as foreigners due to their non-Christian beliefs in a Renaissance Christian environment. As a result, Jews were placed under strict regulations throughout many European cities

30. 30. Defeat of Germany in World War II ► After the signing of Treaty of Versailles at the end of WW1, state of war between Germany and its allied forces was formally ended, as far as Germans are concerned, they totally rejected this treaty as it was considered bad for the Germany. ► After the World War 1, majority of Germans were of the view that, they came close to winning the war with the Spring Offensive earlier in 1918, but they failed because of strikes in the arms industry at a critical moment of the offensive, leaving soldiers with an inadequate supply of materiel and this strike was blamed on the Jews.

31. 31. Great depression of 1929 ► Great Depression of 1929, started just after the stock market crash on October 29, 1929 on black Tuesday, Germany was worst hit by this economic downturn, almost every city was affected and 6 million people got unemployed. ► During and after the slump, Jews were doing great financially, that made the role of Jews suspicious in the eyes of Germans and negative propaganda by Hitler provided the impetus to this notion and they started thinking that, Jews are responsible for this Downturn and they are getting full benefit from the recession.

32. 32. Death of Hitler ►Adolf Hitler committed suicide by gunshot on Monday, 30 April 1945 in his Führerbunker in Berlin. His wife Eva, committed suicide with him by ingesting cyanide.That afternoon, in accordance with Hitler's prior instructions, their remains were carried up the stairs through the bunker's emergency exit, doused in petrol and set alight in the Reich Chancellery garden outside the bunker. The Soviet archives record that their burnt remains were recovered and interred in successive locations until 1970 when they were again exhumed, cremated and the ashes scattered.

33. 33. THE END THANK YOU FOR PAYING ATTENTION

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Published on 1. RED HOUSE 2. RED HOUSE PRESENTS PPT ON:- 3. Birth * Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in Braunau, Austria. * Adolf was 1 of 6 children - 3 of who died at early ages 4. Parents Alois Schickelgruber Hitler was a customs official who was illegitimate by birth.

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, Founder at The federation of lazy jobless people (FLJP)

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1. 1. Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

2. 2. Reconstruction * Hitler assigned the responsibility of economic recovery to the economist Hjalmar Schacht who aimed at full production and full employment through a state-funded work-creation programme. * This project produced the famous German superhighways and the people's car, the Volkswagen. * In foreign policy also, Hitler acquired quick successes. He pulled out of the League of Nations in 1933, reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936, and integrated Austria and Germany in 1938 under the slogan, One people, One empire and One Leader. * He then went on to wrest Germanspeaking Sudentenland from Czechoslovakia, and gobbled up the entire country. In all of this he had the unspoken support of England, which had considered the Versailles verdict too harsh. * These quick successes at home and abroad seemed to reverse the destiny of the country.

3. 3. Contd....... * Hitler did not stop here. * Schacht had advised Hitler against investing hugely in rearmament as the state still ran on deficit financing. * Cautious people, however, had no place in Nazi Germany. * Schacht had to leave. * Hitler chose war as the way out of the approaching economic crisis. Resources were to be accumulated through expansion of territory. In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland. This started a war with France and England. * In September 1940, a Tripartite Pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan, strengthening Hitler's claim to international power. Puppet regimes, supportive of Nazi Germany, were installed in a large part of Europe. * By the end of 1940, Hitler was at the pinnacle of his power.

4. 4. Cont..... * Hitler now moved to achieve his long-term aim of conquering Eastern Europe. * He wanted to ensure food supplies and living space for Germans. He attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941. * In this historic blunder Hitler exposed the German western front to British aerial bombing and the eastern front to the powerful Soviet armies. * The Soviet Red Army inflicted a crushing and humiliating defeat on Germany at Stalingrad. * After this the Soviet Red Army hounded out the retreating German soldiers until they reached the heart of Berlin, establishing Soviet hegemony over the entire Eastern Europe for half a century thereafter.

5. 5. * Meanwhile, the USA had resisted involvement in the war. * It was unwilling to once again face all the economic problems that the First World War had caused. But it could not stay out of the war for long. * Japan was expanding its power in the east. It had occupied French Indo-China and was planning attacks on US naval bases in the Pacific. * When Japan extended its support to Hitler and bombed the US base at Pearl Harbor, the US entered the Second World War. * The war ended in May 1945 with Hitlerís defeat and the US dropping of the atom bomb on Hiroshima in Japan. From this brief account of what happened in the Second World War, we now return to Helmuth and his fatherís story, a story of Nazi criminality during the war.

6. 6. Expansion of Nazi - Europe

7. 7. The Nazi Worldview

8. 8. Nazi Worldview * The crimes that Nazis committed were linked to a system of belief and a set of practices. * Nazi ideology was closely associated with Hitler's worldview. * According to the worldview there was no equality between people, but only a racial hierarchy. * In this view blond, blue eyed, Nordic German Aryans were at the top while the Jews were located at the bottom. * The Jews were regarded as an anti-race, the arch- enemies of the enemies * All other coloured people were placed in between depending on their external features. Hitler's racism were ideas taken from thinkers like Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer.

9. 9. Contd......... * Darwin was a natural scientist who tried to explain the creation of plants and animals through the concept of evolution and natural selection. * Herbert Spencer later added the idea of survival of the fittest. According to this idea, only those species survived on earth that could adapt themselves to changing climatic conditions. * Darwin never advocated human intervention in what he thought was a purely natural process of selection. * However, his ideas were used by racist thinkers and politicians to justify imperial rule over conquered peoples. * The Nazi argument was : ◦The strongest race would survive and the weak ones would perish. ◦The Aryan race was the finest. ◦ It had to retain its purity, become stronger and dominate the world.

10. 10. * The other aspect of Hitler's ideology related to the geopolitical concept of Lebensraum, or living space. * He believed that new territories had to be acquired for settlement. * This would enhance the area of the mother country, while enabling the settlers on new lands to retain an intimate link with the place of their origin. * It would also enhance the material resources and power of the German nation. * Hitler intended to extend German boundaries by moving eastwards, to concentrate all Germans geographically in one place. * Poland became the laboratory for this experimentation

11. 11. Jews being killed in Nazi Germany.

12. 12. Establishment of the racial state * Once in power, the Nazis quickly began to implement their dream of creating an exclusive racial community of pure Germans by physically eliminating all those who were seen as 'undesirable' in the extended empire. Nazis wanted only a society of 'pure and healthy Nordic Aryans'. * They only were considered 'desirable'. Only they were seen as worthy of prospering and multiplying against all others who were classed as 'undesirable'. * This meant that even those Germans who were seen as impure or abnormal had no right to exist. Under the Euthanasia Programme, Helmuth's father along with other Nazi officials had condemned to death many Germans who were considered mentally or physically unfit.

13. 13. * Jews were not the only community classified as 'undesirable'. There were others. Many Gypsies and blacks living in Nazi Germany were considered as racial 'inferiors' who threatened the biological purity of the 'superior Aryan' race. They were widely persecuted. Even Russians and Poles were considered subhuman, and hence undeserving of any humanity. When Germany occupied Poland and parts of Russia, captured civilians were forced to work as slave labour. * Many of them died simply through hard work and starvation. Jews remained the worst sufferers in Nazi Germany. Nazi hatred of Jews had a precursor in the traditional Christian hostility towards Jews. They had been stereotyped as killers of Christ and usurers. Until medieval times Jews were barred from owning land. * They survived mainly through trade and money lending. They lived in separately marked areas called ghettos. They were often persecuted through periodic organized violence, and expulsion from the land. However, Hitler's hatred of Jews was based on pseudoscientific theories of race, which held that conversion was no solution to 'the Jewish problem'. It could be solved only through their total elimination. From 1933 to 1938 the Nazis terrorized, pauperized and segregated the Jews, compelling them to leave the country. The next phase, 1939-1945, aimed at concentrating them in certain areas and eventually killing them in gas chambers in Poland.

14. 14. The Nazi Army

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Founder at The federation of lazy jobless people (FLJP) Published on 1. Nazism and the Rise of Hitler 2. Reconstruction * Hitler assigned the responsibility of economic recovery to the economist Hjalmar Schacht who aimed at full production and full employment through a state-funded work-creation programme.

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The Path to Nazi Genocide, Chapter 1/4: Aftermath of World War I and the Rise of Nazism, 1918–1933

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HITLER'S ECONOMIC POLICIES & NAZI GERMANY'S ECONOMY EXPLAINED!

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nazim and the rise of hitler
nazim and the rise of hitler

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introduction of ch-3

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CBSE 9 History || Nazism and the Rise of Hitler An introduction