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1. INFLUENCE OF PHILOSOPHY AND PHYSIOLOGY

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1. INFLUENCE OF PHILOSOPHY AND PHYSIOLOGY

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- Plato and Aristotle
- Rene Descartes
Nature and Nurture, Dualism
"tabula rasa"
thomas hobbes, john locke, rousseau

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2. PSYCHOLOGY EMERGES AS A SEPARATE DISCIPLINE

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2. PSYCHOLOGY EMERGES AS A SEPARATE DISCIPLINE

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Structuralism - Wilhelm wundt
- study of human consciousness
- introspection

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- focus on what the mind does and behavior
- direct observation

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- focus on perceptual experiences

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- Sigmund Freud
- focus on unconscious mind
- dream analysis, free association and ultimately psychoanalysis
- carl jung, karen horney, alfred adler, erik erikson- neo Freudians

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- John. B. Watson
- focus on observable behavior only
influenced Ivan Pavlov
Little Albert expt
Skinner - reinforcement

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- Humanistic Psychology
- Carl Rogers and Maslow (hierarchy of needs)
- emphasized on free will and self-determination

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- behavior + mind
- brain imagining techniques
- Constructivism (Jean Piaget)
mcp - actively constructing their minds (phys and social)

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- focus on society and culture
- Vygotsky
- diff in cultures - diff behaviours - indi diffs and individualism