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Example of Stimuli in the Perceptual Process

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Example of Stimuli in the Perceptual Process

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1) Environmental Stimulus

The Woods

2) Attended Stimulus

Moth on tree

3) Image of Moth on Retina

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That said, Bottom-up processing and top-down processing are very much intertwined and can both be seen as aspects of perception. The difference is simply that recognition cannot occur without top-down processing as it is based on prior experience with the stimulus.

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Recognition in comparison to perception requires prior knowledge of a stimulus, whereas perception, not always but sometimes, can be solely bottom up processing. For example, perceiving a single flash of light is not effected by someone's prior experience and therefore it is simply perception of what one sees in the moment. In contrast, recognition occurs when you see a stimulus and are able to place it in a category that you have perceived before and can therefore recognise and place the stimulus for example, in this weeks reading a woman who had previously seen a moth, glances at an object and can instantly place it as being a moth through top-down processing.

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The ability to place an object into a category.

For example, faces in a crowd. You perceive dozens of faces all at once. Recognition kicks in when you spot your closest friend’s faces and put a label on it.

Recognition is an interface between perception and cognition, serving as a point of interaction between the two. Without a capacity to recognise types of things, our sense impressions would not be subsumed into our knowledge of general categories

For example, Dr. P’s visual form agnosia. He could perceive parts of an object but could not identify the whole object. The object was perceived and parts of it were recognised but he could not perceptually assemble the parts in a way that would allow him to recognise the object as a whole

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Perception: conscious experience that results from stimulation of the senses, including the following categories

1) the stimulus

environmental stimulus: all the things we can potentially perceive

attended stimulus: what your attention is on

stimulus on receptors

2) electricity

- transduction: energy from the environment -> electrical signals

- transmission: signals reach the brain

- neural processing: interactions between neurons

Perception is the conscious sensory experience, while recognition is the ability to categorize the object

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- Something being red can be considered a simple perception

- Occurs from electrical signals turning stimulus into an item that can be 'perceived'

- You can perceive everything around you but it doesn't necessarily mean that you understand it unless you have prior knowledge to what it is

- Perception can use both bottom-up processing (data based processing; e.g. it is a noise) and top-down processing (knowledge based processing; e.g. it is your friend saying hello)