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1763 - End of Seven Years' War, Great Britain gains control of India

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1763 - End of Seven Years' War, Great Britain gains control of India

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The war was primarily fought over contested claims between the British and French over the land of the Ohio Country. The outcome of the war was one of the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict, with Britain gaining control over Canada and Florida.

American Indian tribes supporting the British included the Iroquois Confederacy, Catawba, and the Cherokee prior to 1758.

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The conquest of Algeria began in the last days of the Bourbon Restoration by Charles X of France.

France occupied Algeria for 132 years, from July 5, 1830, until July 5, 1962, when the country declared its independence from colonial rule.

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British forces fought a war in China that benefitted drug smugglers.

The Opium Wars of 1839 to 1842 and 1856 to 1860 marked a new stage in China's relations with the West.

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1842 - The first Opium War Ends with the Treaty of Nanking

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1842 - The first Opium War Ends with the Treaty of Nanking

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Great Britain won the first Opium War.

China's military defeats in these wars forced its rulers to sign treaties opening many ports to foreign trade. The restrictions imposed under the Canton system were abolished.

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1849 - Gustave Courbet paints The Stone Breakers

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1849 - Gustave Courbet paints The Stone Breakers

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'The Stone Breakers' painting was intended to show the hard labor that poor citizens experienced.

Courbet did not show the men's faces, they represent the "every man" and are not meant to be specific individuals.

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1850 - The Taiping Rebellion in China begins; Chinese civil war against the Manchu rulers (Qing Dynasty); Millions are killed.

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1850 - The Taiping Rebellion in China begins; Chinese civil war against the Manchu rulers (Qing Dynasty); Millions are killed.

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The Taiping Rebellion began in the southern province of Guangxi when local officials launched a campaign of religious persecution against the God Worshipping Society.

After withstanding a large-scale assault by government troops, Hong publicly proclaimed himself the King of the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (Taiping Tianguo Tianwang) and launched the Taiping Rebellion the following year.

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1851 - The Great Exhibition in London Celebrates the technological achievements of Great Britain.

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1851 - The Great Exhibition in London Celebrates the technological achievements of Great Britain.

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Colonial raw materials and British art were displayed in the most prestigious parts of the exhibition.

From May to October 1851, Hyde Park in London was filled with visitors to the 'Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations'.

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1853 - Commodore Perry opens up trade with Japan

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1853 - Commodore Perry opens up trade with Japan

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On July 8, 1853, American Commodore Matthew Perry led his four ships into the harbor at Tokyo Bay, seeking to re-establish for the first time in over 200 years regular trade and discourse between Japan and the western world.

Japan was a perfect location for this because it was at almost the same latitude as San Francisco.

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1857 - The Sepoy Mutiny against British rule in India takes place.

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1857 - The Sepoy Mutiny against British rule in India takes place.

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On 29 March 1857 at the Barrackpore parade ground, near Calcutta, 29-year-old Mangal Pandey of the 34th BNI, angered by the recent actions of the East India Company, declared that he would rebel against his commanders.

Indian soldiers were told to bite off the tips of their rifle cartridges. This order cause a rebellion because the cartridges were greased with animal fat, violating local religious beliefs.

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1858 - India comes under direct rule by Great Britain

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1858 - India comes under direct rule by Great Britain

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This system of governance was instituted on 28 June 1858, when, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria (who, in 1876, was proclaimed Empress of India).

The British were able to take control of India mainly because India was not united.

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The Suez Canal connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, making it the shortest maritime route to Asia from Europe.

Since its completion in 1869, it has become one of the world's most heavily used shipping lanes.

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1870 - Cecil Rhodes arrives in Cape Town, South Africa

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1870 - Cecil Rhodes arrives in Cape Town, South Africa

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At the tender age of 17, Rhodes arrived in Durban on 1 September 1870.

He brought with him 3,000 pounds that his aunt had lent him and used it to invest in diamond diggings in Kimberley.

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1872 - Thomas Cook organizes his first trip around the world. It takes 222 days.

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1872 - Thomas Cook organizes his first trip around the world. It takes 222 days.

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The journey took 222 days and covered more than 29,000 miles.

Thomas Cook would become the world's "Father of modern transportation" because of this cutting-edge journey around the world.

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1872 - Claude Monet paints "Impression, Sunrise"

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1872 - Claude Monet paints "Impression, Sunrise"

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The painting is almost entirely on color and light, emphasizing the breaking sunlight and its intriguing reflections.

The colors orange and blue used captured the sunrise's beauty perfectly.

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1874 - Edgar Degas paints "The Dance Class"

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1874 - Edgar Degas paints "The Dance Class"

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Edgar was mostly known for being one of the most influential Impressionist painters of the 19th century.

Despite being known for his impressionistic pieces, he did not identify himself as an Impressionist.

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1875 - Great Britain gains control of the Suez Canal and begins to establish guidelines for European Imperialism in Africa.

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1875 - Great Britain gains control of the Suez Canal and begins to establish guidelines for European Imperialism in Africa.

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Britain viewed the canal as a "Lifeline of the Empire" because it allowed Britain quicker access to its colonies in Asia and Africa.

The Suez Canal connected the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.

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The British military occupied Egypt in 1882 to protect financial interests in the country, culminating in a violent war.

Britain won, restored the Khedival authority in Cairo, and established a 'veiled protectorate' over Ottoman-Egypt until the First World War.

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1884 - 1885 - International Berlin Conference on meets to establish guidelines for European Imperialism in Africa

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1884 - 1885 - International Berlin Conference on meets to establish guidelines for European Imperialism in Africa

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Berlin sought to discuss the partitioning of Africa, establishing rules to amicably divide resources among the Western countries at the expense of the African people.

The diplomats in Berlin laid the rules of competition by which the great powers were to be guided in seeking colonies.

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1885 - Germany controls German East Africa

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1885 - Germany controls German East Africa

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The German government announced that it had granted an imperial charter, which was signed by Chancellor Otto von Bismarck on 27 February 1885.

The charter was granted to Peters' company and was intended to establish a protectorate in the African Great Lakes region.

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Burma became an official colony on January 1, 1886.

After three wars gaining various parts of the country, the British occupied all the area of present-day Myanmar, making the territory a Province of British India on 1 January 1886.

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1889 - Vincent Van Gogh paints "The Starry Night"

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1889 - Vincent Van Gogh paints "The Starry Night"

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Van Gogh was seeking respite from plaguing depression at the Saint-Paul asylum in Saint-Rémy in southern France when he painted The Starry Night. It reflects his direct observations of his view of the countryside from his window as well as the memories and emotions this view evoked in him.

Van Gogh painted The Starry Night during his 12-month stay at the Saint-Paul-de-Mausole asylum near Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France, several months after suffering a breakdown in which he severed a part of his own ear with a razor.

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1892 - Pierre Auguste Renoir paints "Girls at the Piano"

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1892 - Pierre Auguste Renoir paints "Girls at the Piano"

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The Lehman painting and the nearly identical version formerly in the collection of Renoir's fellow Impressionist Gustave Caillebotte have long been regarded as the most accomplished variants of this intimate and engaging scene of bourgeois domestic life.

In late 1891 or early 1892 Renoir was invited by the French government to execute a painting for a new museum in Paris, the Musée du Luxembourg, which was to be devoted to the work of living artists.

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1897 - Paul Gaugiun paints "Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"

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1897 - Paul Gaugiun paints "Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"

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The painting represents the artist's painted manifesto created while he was living on the island of Tahiti.

The French artist transitioned from being a “Sunday painter” to becoming a professional after his career as a stockbroker failed in the early 1880s.

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1897 - First Zionist Conference meets in Basel, Switzerland

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1897 - First Zionist Conference meets in Basel, Switzerland

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On 29-31 August 1897, visionary leader Theodor Benjamin Zeev Herzl convened the First Zionist Congress, in Basel, Switzerland.

The name "Zionism" was derived from the longing for Zion, one of the ancient biblical names of Jerusalem.

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1899 - 1901 - The Boxer Rebellion in China against Westerners takes place.

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1899 - 1901 - The Boxer Rebellion in China against Westerners takes place.

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The Boxer Rebellion begun by peasants but eventually supported by the government.

The troops captured Beijing in August 1900, and, after extensive discussions, the rebellion officially ended when the Boxer Protocol was signed on September 7, 1901.

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1899 - Open Door Policy is proposed by the United States for China

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1899 - Open Door Policy is proposed by the United States for China

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The Open Door Policy called for protection of equal privileges for all countries trading with China and for the support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity.

Secretary of State John Hay first articulated the concept of the “Open Door” in China in a series of notes in 1899–1900.

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1899 - 1902 - Boer War; British crush rebellion by Dutch farmers in South Africa.

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1899 - 1902 - Boer War; British crush rebellion by Dutch farmers in South Africa.

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The British had crushed the Boer resistance, and on May 31 of that year the Peace of Vereeniging was signed, ending hostilities.

The treaty recognized the British military administration over Transvaal and the Orange Free State and authorized a general amnesty for Boer forces.

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1904 - 1905 - Russo-Japanese War; Japan takes Korea and Port Arthur from Russia.

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1904 - 1905 - Russo-Japanese War; Japan takes Korea and Port Arthur from Russia.

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The Russo-Japanese War began when Japan attacked Russian warships at Port Arthur, on the peninsula.

After massive losses on both sides, the Russians surrendered Port Arthur on 2 January 1905.

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The Union of South Africa was born on May 31, 1910, created by a constitutional convention (in Durban in 1908) and an act of the British Parliament (1909).

On the 31 May 1910, exactly eight years after the Boers had made peace with the English through the Treaty of Vereeniging, South Africa became a Union. Despite the mistrust in the Boer camp, the Afrikaners, as they now became known, had negotiated and achieved self-determination.

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1911 - 1912 Manchu Dynasty overthrown; Dr. Sun Yat-Sen is named president of the Chinese Republic.

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1911 - 1912 Manchu Dynasty overthrown; Dr. Sun Yat-Sen is named president of the Chinese Republic.

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In October of 1911, a group of revolutionaries in southern China led a successful revolt against the Qing Dynasty, establishing in its place the Republic of China and ending the imperial system.

Although the Qing court maintained a degree of control within China in these years, millions of Chinese living overseas, especially in Southeast Asia and the Americas, began pressing for either widespread reform or outright revolution.