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(Hydrocarbon Derivative Ingredient)
Benzyl Alcohol

(Type)
Aromatic

(Uses)
Benzyl alcohol is a prescription topical (for the skin) medication used as an anti-parasite medication. It is considered to be a safe ingredient in skincare and cosmetics when used on intact skin. Benzyl alcohol topical is used to treat head lice in people between the ages of 6 months and 60 years old. Benzyl alcohol topical is for treating head lice only. It will not treat lice on other body areas.

(Formula)
C7H8O

(Harmful Effects)
The toxic effects of benzyl alcohol include respiratory vasodilatation, hypertension, convulsions, and paralysis

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(Hydrocarbon Derivative Ingredient)
Phenoxyethanol

(Type)
Aromatic

(Uses)
Phenoxyethanol is used as a perfume fixative; an insect repellent; an antiseptic; a solvent for cellulose acetate, dyes, inks, and resins; a preservative for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and lubricants; an anesthetic in fish aquaculture; and in organic synthesis.

(Formula)
C8H10O2

(Harmful Effects)
It is harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin, especially to nursing mothers or infants. Phenoxyethanol can have an effect on the brain and the central nervous system. It irritates skin and eyes, and can cause blistering on skin as well.

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(Hydrocarbon Derivative Ingredient)
Benzophenone

(Type)
Ketone

(Uses)
Benzophenone is used as an ultraviolet curing agent, flavor ingredient, fragrance enhancer and perfume fixative, and as an additive for plastics, coatings and adhesive formulations. Benzophenone is also used as a screen to prevent ultraviolet light-induced damage to cosmetics.

(Formula)
C13H10O

(Harmful Effects)
Benzophenone is persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT). These chemicals are linked to cancer, endocrine disruption, and organ system toxicity. WHAT IS BENZOPHENONE? Benzophenone is widely used in household products, such as sunglasses, food packaging, laundry and cleaning products to protect from UV light.

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(Hydrocarbon Derivative Ingredient)
Sodium Benzoate

(Type)
The functional group that is found to be present is both the hydrocarbon derivative, Ester, and the Hydrocarbon, Aromatic benzene ring.

(Uses)
In the food industry, sodium benzoate is used to prevent spoilage from harmful bacteria, yeasts, and molds. It also helps maintain freshness in food by helping to slow or prevent changes in color, flavor, PH, and texture.

(Formula)
C7H5NaO2

(Harmful Effects)
The studies suggest that sodium benzoate may increase your risk of inflammation, oxidative stress, obesity, ADHD, and allergies. It may also convert to benzene, a potential carcinogen, but the low levels found in beverages are deemed safe.

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(Hydrocarbon Derivative Ingredient)
Propylene Glycol
(Type)
Alcohol

(Uses)
It is used to absorb extra water and maintain moisture in certain medicines, cosmetics, or food products. It is a solvent for food colors and flavors, and in the paint and plastics industries. Propylene glycol is also used to create artificial smoke or fog used in fire-fighting training and in theatrical productions

(Formula)
C3H8O2

(Harmful Effects)
propylene glycol has been found to cause seizures and severe neurological symptoms. There have also been cases of nausea, vertigo and strange sensations.

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(Hydrocarbon Derivative Ingredient)
Butylphenyl Methylpropional

(Type)
Aldehydes

(Uses)
In cosmetics and skincare products, butylphenyl methylpropional functions as a fragrance ingredient due to its strong floral scent. It is used in aftershave lotions, bath products, bubble baths, cleansing products, hair care products, moisturizers, perfumes and colognes, shampoos, and skincare products.

(Formula)
C14H20O

(Harmful effects)
Butylphenyl methylpropional is a known dermal and respiratory irritant, and can also be harmful to developing fetuses exposed through their mother's use of products containing the chemical.

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(Hydrocarbon Derivative Ingredient)
Panthenol

(Type)
Alcohol (secondary)

(Uses)
n topical cosmetics, product manufacturers often use panthenol as a moisturizer. But it's also included in many cosmetics as a softening, soothing, and anti-irritant agent. It also helps your skin build up a barrier against irritation and water loss.

(Formula)
C9H19NO4

(Harmful Effects)
Bad reactions to topical panthenol are extremely rare. But when side effects do occur, they usually take the form of contact dermatitis or gastrointestinal distress, skin irritations and allergies.

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(Hydrocarbon Derivatives Ingredient)
Citric Acid
(Types)
Carboxylic Acid

(Uses)
Because of its acidic, sour-tasting nature, citric acid is predominantly used as a flavoring and preserving agent — especially in soft drinks and candies. It's also used to stabilize or preserve medicines and as a disinfectant against viruses and bacteria.

(Formula)
C₆H₈O₇

(Harmful Effects)
Serious side effects of citric acid include numbness or tingly feeling, swelling or rapid weight gain, muscle twitching or cramps, fast or slow heart rate, confusion, or mood changes, bloody or tarry stools, severe stomach pain, ongoing diarrhea, or seizure (convulsions).

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( Hydrocarbon Derivative ingredient)
Acetate
(Type)
Ester
(Uses)
Ethyl acetate is a widely used solvent, especially for paints, varnishes, lacquers, cleaning mixtures, and perfumes. In the laboratory, ethyl acetate is a common solvent for column and thin-layer chromatograph. Ethyl Acetate has a sweet smell that is used to bring a fruity flavor to candy, baked goods, gum, etc. Ethyl acetate is also used to extract tobacco from cigarettes, decaffeinate tea leaves, and decaffeinate coffee.
(Formula)

C ₄ H ₈ O ₂

(Harmful effects)
Ethyl acetate is highly flammable, as well as toxic when ingestion or inhaled, and this chemical can be seriously damaging to internal organs in the case of repeated or prolonged exposure. Ethyl acetate can also cause irritation when it comes into contact with the eyes, skin, nose and throat.  Exposure to high levels can cause you to feel dizzy, lightheaded, and to pass out.  Repeated contact can cause drying and cracking of the skin. Long-term exposure can affect the liver and kidneys.

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(Hydrocarbon Derivative Ingredient)
Ethanol from the classification of Alcohol
(Type)
Alcohol
(Uses)
Ethanol is used in the manufacture of drugs, plastics, lacquers, polishes, plasticizers, and cosmetics. Ethanol is used in medicine as a topical anti-infective, and as an antidote for ethylene glycol or methanol overdose.

(Formula)
CH3CH2OH

(Harmful Effect)
Moderate ethanol consumption reduces stress and increases feelings of happiness and well-being, and may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Heavy consumption of alcohol, however, may cause addiction and increases all types of injury and trauma. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in susceptibility to alcoholism. Ethanol can lead to malnutrition, and can exert a direct toxicological effect due to its interference with hepatic metabolism and immunological functions. A causal effect has been observed between alcohol and various cancers.