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Protectionism is the practice of following protectionist trade policies. A protectionist trade policy allows the government of a country to promote domestic producers, and thereby boost the domestic production of goods and services by imposing tariffs or otherwise limiting foreign goods and services in the marketplace. Protectionism provides local industries with growth opportunities until they can compete against more experienced firms in the international market, help reduce import levels and allow the country to increase its trade balance, produce higher employment rates result when domestic firms boost their workforce, and tend to boost the economy’s GDP due to a rise in domestic production.

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It is undoubtebly known that protectionism and free trade both have their advantages and disadvantages, still many people take sides on one of them depending on the advanatges the accept and prefer the most. Alrhough many prefer free trade for its enlargement towards the economy, it holds a very unpleseant disadvantage of resulting in very destructive trade wars. Protectionism, on the other hand, ensures the sustainability of domestic producers and acts as an incentive for nationals to open new firms even if they are small or medium interprises. In other words, in free trade due to the very high competition of large and well-known firms, small yet 'creative' enterprises may not be able to compete against them because people will always choose the known firms in competition, while in protectionism it gives chances to these small and creative enterprises to work without the harsh competitions in that of free trade. Another advantage of protectionism is that it prioratizes and safeguards the fundamental factors such as water, energy, steel and food to its country domestically first then to the other consuming countries that it gives globally. Protectionism assures the independancy of the country that uses its method because it aims for self-suffeciency. Protectionsim is highly used by India, The US and the EU memeber states inwhere such policy has insured their economic expansion on a regional and international level.In conclusion, although protectionism's disadvantage leads to some problems in the relationship between two nations it can never lead to very cruel and harsh trade wars with very negative consequences as in the case of free trade.

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Protectionism is, the  theory or practise of shielding a country’s domestic industries from foreign competition, by the use of 3 different , but effective ways . 1) tariffs , a tariff is a tax placed on imports to increase their price of and encourage the buying of domestic goods. Tariffs are a great strategy of protectionism, due to the fact that , while protecting homeland businesses , they also lower imports inevitably contributing to a higher trade surplus, which vastly improves a domestic economy .2) quotas, a quota is a limit placed on quantities of a product that can be imported. The use of a quota substantially helps to stabilize the satisfaction of citizens and the protection of “at home” companies because, while a limit is placed on certain imports that prevent too much people from attaining it, a restrained amount of consumers can obtain the product if needed which results in the contentment of the economy and it’s consumers and citizens. Lastly , embargo’s . An embargo is a complete ban on the import or export of a product. Embargo’s are extremely rare and haven’t occurred in a long while near the likes of 60 years and since then the USA still has its initial total of 30 embargo’s , to date . All together, protectionism is a system used by over 200 countries worldwide that consist of , tariffs , quotas and rarely embargo’s, that work hand in hand to form a detailed and thorough protectionism plan that aid and protect domesticated bodies , all while improving competition at home and preventing too much dependence on foreign companies.This creates a cycle of positive flow between consumers , business owners and the economy as a whole , ultimately ensuring a blooming domestic economy .

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Protectionism the theory or practice of shielding a country's domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports. A protectionist trade policy allows the government of a country to promote domestic producers, and thereby boost the domestic production of goods and services. ... by imposing tariffs or otherwise limiting foreign goods and services in the marketplace.Why Protectionism Feels So Good but Is So Wrong
Protectionism is a politically motivated defensive measure. In the short run, it works. But it is very destructive in the long term. It makes the country and its industries less competitive in international trade.There is one country that imposes moreprotectionist measures than any other. It isn't China, Mexico, or Japan. It is the US. That is according to a report from Credit Suisse on globalization.

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Mohamed medhat roshdy
Free trade , the act of trading freely between nations without having barriers or any restrictions, can actually better our economy. A country can get variety of goods that they cannot produce or have on their own. Thus, creating new job opportunities for the jobless. Free trade can also be good for the relations between two nations or even more. Each country would get what it needs while giving what it can produce. Free trade can also lead to better goods with better qualities. As an illustration, if two countries produce the same good , each country would want to be better and sell more , which leads to providing high quality goods and services due to the competition. So , unlike protectionism, free trade have multiple advantages that improve the economy.

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Protectionism does not only have a good impact on the country's economy but it also insures that the country's inside businesses are kept protected from unfair foreign competition, So what is protectionism? Protectionism is the practice of the government putting limits on foreign trade in order to prevent foreign competition from lowering the demand for products made at home. Being too dependent on another country's products can cause a huge increase in the level of this country's unemployment. After being used to having the products silver-spooned to them and not having to do any work to get it, Citizens will learn to start getting dependent entirely  on those products leading for lots of businesses to close and lots of people to become unemployed. The Domestic Economy can suffer greatly without protectionism because it is the main reason helping domestic firms produce and sell more goods with a lot less difficulty. Protectionism also prevents dumping. This is where foreign, grand economies enter an economy and sell their
goods at a price lower than the costs of production. For all those reasons stated above, Countries like India have chosen to spend decades trying to survive without international trade using protectionism .Today, India is one of the world's top outsourcing destinations, with many of its workers powering back-end IT systems, call centers and software development and they managed to achieve this by placing tarrifs , Quota and Embargo on their imports and exports. Without Protectionism India wouldn't have reached that high economic position and those are my reasons for taking my position.

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Baraa galal
Free trade is a largely theoretical policy under which governments impose absolutely no taxes or duties on imports or quotas on exports. In this sense free trade is the opposite of protectionism, a defensive trade policy intended to eliminate the possibility of foreign competitions. It drives economic growth, enhanced efficiency, increase innovation, and the greater fairness that accompanies a rule based system. These benefits increase as overall trade exports and imports increase. Free trade access to higher quality, lower priced goods

Free trade increased jop outsourcing : why does that happen? Because by reducing tariffs on imports allows companies to expand to other countries. Without tariff imports from countries with a low cost of living cost less

There is also countries  that use free trade like :
Australia
Bahrain
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
El Salvador

Pros of free trade:
Increased economic growth
Lower government spending
Technology transfer

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Protectionism is the practice of following protectionist trade policies. A protectionist trade policy allows the government of a country to promote domestic producers, and thereby boost the domestic production of goods and services by imposing tariffs or otherwise limiting foreign goods and services in the marketplace.
There are 3 types protectionism
1.  tarrifs
The taxes or duties imposed on imports are known as tariffs. Tariffs increase the price of imported goods in the domestic market, which, consequently, reduces the demand for them.

2. Quotas are restrictions on the volume of imports for a particular good or service over a period of time. Quotas are known as a “non-tariff trade barrier.” A constraint on the supply causes an increase in the prices of imported goods, reducing the demand in the domestic market.

3. Standardization Of The government of a country may require all foreign products to adhere to certain guidelines. For instance, the UK Government may demand that all imported shoes include a certain proportion of leather. Standardization measures tend to reduce foreign products in the market.

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Free trade is a policy in which governments dont put any restrictions on imports or exports. Two or more nations make a pact between them to reduce barriers on imports and exports among them, for example: The European union is a trade alliance between Australia, Germany and France. While many countries choose protectionism to protect their local businesses, protectionism isn't healthy for the economy of the country in the long term. Free trade has many benefits including: increasing the economic growth, competition that forces businesses to be productive and creative, more choices and options for consumers and encourages countries to understand each-other and work together.

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protectionism is the practice of government putting limits on foreign trade to protect business at home. Many companies want to sell hat they produce at home, They often want to keep out foreign competitors. there are a lot of reasons to restrict trade, for example, foreign competition can lower the demand for products made at home, companies at home need to be protected from unfair foreign competition. A country can become too dependent on another country for important products. there is something called trade barriers and that is to limit competition from other countries. there are 3 ways of trade barriers, first one is called Tarrif, which is a tax placed on imports. second one is called Quota which is a limit placed on quantities of a product that can be imported, last one is the embargo which is a ban given on imports. in my opinion protectionism is better than free trading because it keeps the domestic economy flowing since there is a decrease in imports, domestic firm have less competition and it also strengthens because the unemployment rate will be minimal. this is because the domestic forms are able to produce and sell more goods with a lot less difficulty.

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Protectionism is the economic policy of restricting imports from other countries through methods such as tariffs on imported goods, import quotas, and a variety of other government regulations. Proponents argue that protectionist policies shield the producers, businesses, and workers of the import-competing sector in the country from foreign competitors. However, they also reduce trade and adversely affect consumers in general (by raising the cost of imported goods), and harm the producers and workers in export sectors, both in the country implementing protectionist policies and in the countries protected against.

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Protectionism is the economic policy of restricting imports from other countries through methods such as tariffs  on imported goods, import quotes, and a variety of other government regulations. Proponents argue that protectionist policies shield the producers, businesses, and workers of the import competing  sector in the country from foreign competitors. However, they also reduce trade and adversely affect consumers in general (by raising the cost of imported goods), and harm the producers and workers in export sectors, both in the country implementing protectionist policies and in the countries protected against.Some have argued that no major country has ever successfully industrialized without some form of economic protection. Economic historian Paul Bairoch wrote that "historically, free trade is the exception and protectionism the rule". According to some political theorists, protectionism is advocated mainly by parties that hold far-left , right or left -wing economic positions, while economically political parties generally support free trade .

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Free trade is a largely theoretical policy under which governments impose absolutely no tariffs, taxes, or duties on imports, or quotas on exports. In this sense, free trade is the opposite of protectionism, a defensive trade policy intended to eliminate the possibility of foreign competition.

Example:EFTA: European Free Trade Association consists of Norway, Iceland, Switzerland and Liechtenstein

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Free trade is the total absence of government policies restricting the import and export of goods and services. While economists have long argued that trade among nations is the key to maintaining a healthy global economy, few efforts to actually implement pure free-trade policies have ever succeeded. Free trade is the unrestricted importing and exporting of goods and services.

In 1948, the United States along with more than 100 other countries agreed to general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT), a pact that reduced tariffs and other barriers to trade between the signatory countries. In 1995, GATT was replaced by the world trade organization (WTO). Today, 164 countries, accounting for 98% of all world trade belong to the WTO.

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For more than two centuries economists have steadfastly promoted free trade among nations as the best trade policy. Despite this intellectual barrage, many “practical” men and women continue to view the case for free trade skeptically, as an abstract argument made by ivory tower economists with, at most, one foot on terra firma. These practical people “know” that our vital industries must be protected from foreign competition.The divergence between economists’ beliefs and those of (even well-educated) men and women on the street seems to arise in making the leap from individuals to nations. In running our personal affairs, virtually all of us exploit the advantages of free trade and comparative advantage without thinking twice. For example, many of us have our shirts laundered at professional cleaners rather than wash and iron them ourselves. Anyone who advised us to “protect” ourselves from the “unfair competition” of low-paid laundry workers by doing our own wash would be thought looney. Common sense tells us to make use of companies that specialize in such work, paying them with money we earn doing something we do better. We understand intuitively that cutting ourselves off from specialists can only lower our standard of living.

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Protectionism, policy of protecting domestic industries against foreign competition by means of tariffs, subsides, import quotes , or other restrictions or handicaps placed on the imports of foreign competitors. Protectionist policies have been implemented  by many countries despite the fact that virtually all mainstream economists agree that the world economy generally benefits from free trade.

Government-levied tariffs are the chief protectionist measures. They raise the price of imported articles, making them more expensive (and therefore less attractive) than domestic products. protective tariffs  have historically been employed to stimulate industries in countries beset by recession  or depression. Protectionism may be helpful to emergent industries in developing nations. It can also serve as a means of fostering self-sufficiency in defense industries. import quotas offer another means of protectionism. These quotas set an absolute limit on the amount of certain goods that can be imported into a country and tend to be more effective than protective tariffs, which do not always dissuade consumers who are willing to pay a higher price for an imported good.

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Free trade is a trade policy that does not restrict imports or exports. It can also be understood as the free market idea applied to international trade. In government, free trade is predominantly advocated by political parties that hold liberbal economic positions while economically left wing and nationalist political parties generally support protectionism, the opposite of free trade.

Most nations are today members of the World Trade Organization multilateral trade agreements.

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Firstly, what is free trade? free trade is the occurrence of few or nearly no limits on trade between countries. Secondly, why free trade? Free trade is not only good for consumers ,but it's also good for the economy as a whole. Free trade offers new markets which leads to new jobs so as a result the the standard of living will increase and the economic level will be better. Also, free trade allows competition which leads to producing goods at better quality and more efficiently. Competition also offers a wide variety of choices with a wide variety of prices so that consumers would buy whatever suits them. Further,  free trade encourages countries to cooperate with each other forming better relationships between each other.  Some countries merge their economies  into one huge market( trade alliance) like NAFTA. NAFTA is a combined economies of united states, Canada and mexico which allows a country like US to buy oil from Mexico easily.

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If you isolate yourself on an island, to find food and things to live your skills will improve; likewise, on a bigger scale when a president closes any international trade and decides that he will go through the protectionism mechanism. In that case the decrease in the non domestic products will make people need the domestic products, the products produced by their country which aim to increase the economy. There are many people who say that it will decrease their product quality, but the consumers always aim to get the best quality this will push them to increase the quality. The reason behind a powerful country is to be independent, and protectionism is a big deal in producing a powerful independent country. An example that proves what I say, the protectionism happened in turkey.

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There are two opposing points in international trade, protectionism and free trade. Take one of the two sides, then make a persuasive arguments for your position. Which side you see that has a good impact on the country's economy. State all of the possible reasons for

either position in a clear way.

Besides that mention real examples about countries that use one of the two sides and their economy position.

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The Citizens' Assembly is looking at what kind of trade arrangement the UK should seek with the EU. The debates can get quite detailed and confusing. But there is also a big question of principle: is free trade a good thing at all?

Free Trade Vs. Protectionism: Overview

One view says that we should make it as easy as possible for goods and services to move between countries. This approach is based on the argument that more trade makes us wealthier and is therefore a good thing. It is known as free trade.

Another approach says that we should restrict trade. We might do this to protect certain jobs. We might think that we need certain industries - such as food production or steel-making - just in case things go wrong in the wider world. We might want to restrict imports from countries with lower labour or environmental standards so they can't undercut our industries. This approach is known as protectionism.

Many economists agree that some restrictions on trade are desirable, but that we should be careful, as such restrictions can make us poorer overall. For example, limits on agricultural imports may be good for British farmers, but they also increase food prices.

The following sections set out some of the arguments in more detail.

Arguments for Free Trade

There are several key arguments in favour of free trade:

Free trade increases the size of the economy as a whole. It allows goods and services to be produced more efficiently. That's because it encourages goods or services to be produced where natural resources, infrastructure, or skills and expertise are best suited to them. It increases productivity, which can lead to higher wages in the long term. There is widespread agreement that rising global trade in recent decades has increased economic growth.

Free trade is good for consumers. It reduces prices by eliminating tariffs and increasing competition. Greater competition is also likely to improve quality and choice. Some things, such as tropical fruit, would not be available in the UK without trade.

Reducing non-tariff barriers can remove red tape, thus reducing the cost of trading. If companies that trade in several countries have to work with only one set of regulations, their costs of 'compliance' come down. In principle, this will make goods and services cheaper.

In contrast, protectionism can result in destructive trade wars that increase costs and uncertainty as each side attempts to protect its own economy. Protectionist rules can tend to favour big business and vested interests, as they have the resources to lobby most effectively.

Arguments for Protectionism

While free trade increases the size of the economy as a whole, it isn't always good for everyone:

As more countries experience industrial development, traditional domestic industries can decline. In the UK, for example, the shipbuilding industry has declined in the face of international competition since the 1950s and currently steel production faces increasing competition. Protectionism can help preserve jobs in these sectors, or at least slow the process of change.

Protectionism can also help build up new industries. In sectors with high start-up costs, new firms might find it difficult to compete if there is not support from government in the form of tariffs or subsidies. Once they have become competitive, such barriers can be removed.

Protectionism can be used to safeguard 'strategic' industries such as energy, water, steel, armaments and food. For example, 'food security' may be seen as important so that we can feed ourselves if something terrible happens to disrupt the system of world trade.

Some people worry that free trade deals can lead to a lowering of standards. Such deals might require us to let in goods and services even though they don't meet our standards, which might then be cheaper than those made by domestic industries. For example, some people have been worried recently that a free trade deal with the US might let in imports of chlorine-washed chicken. There might also be pressure to reduce our standards for workers' rights or environmental protection so that our companies can compete with companies in countries that have lower standards.

1-6 Trade - Free Trade v Protectionism final

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The Citizens' Assembly is looking at what kind of trade arrangement the UK should seek with the EU. The debates can get quite detailed and confusing. But there is also a big question of principle: is free trade a good thing at all? Free Trade Vs.