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William Wundt and William James start off the whole psychology field, with Wundt introducing the idea of Structuralism, and James discussing functionalism.

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Google says that Introspection in psychology is an observation of one's mind, or mental state.

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The two Williams introduce the idea of psychology, a part of that being the study of one's own mental state, known as Introspection.

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A field introduced by Wertheimer that focuses more on how people view the world, rather than personal emotions.

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Described as a movement, explaining perception in gestalts instead of constituent analysis

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Gestalt psychology observes the science of experiences, and how they are more than the sum of their parts. This does not rely on mental state.

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Started by Sigmund Freud, psychoanalysis assumes that emotions come from one's unconscious. These true feelings are guarded against using "defense mechanisms".

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A set of theories and therapeutic techniques related to the study of the unconscious mind.

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Psychoanalysis, founded by Sigmund Freud, analyses the unconscious, and how feelings and emotions stem from this area of your brain.

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The person at the top is attempting to break beyond the surface

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A method of thinking introduced in the mid 1900's where it becomes expected to act different from how you may feel. True emotions are irrelevant.

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Human behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings.

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In the 50's it is apparent that the mind can be behaviorally conditioned to act accordingly, without regard for personal feelings.

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The idea of variety in psychology, the use of different teachings to help certain clients, specific to their cases

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Eclectic psychotherapy is a form of psychotherapy in which the clinician uses more than one theoretical approach, or multiple sets of techniques, to help with clients' needs.

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The use of several theories of psychology to help clients with different problems, rather than explicit use of one.

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A buffet of the mind