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Title – Get the Measure: Units and Measurement
Author –  Rob Colson
Genre – nonfiction
Summary – This book has several mini lessons that connect with activities that consist of answering questions like but not limited to;  How big is a hydrogen atom? What is the speed limit of the universe? How does a computer tell time? Colson’s book allows students to learn all about length, area, volume, and speed - and how we use them to measure the world around us.
STEM Concepts – 4-PS3-1: Use evidence to construct an explanation relating the speed of an object to the energy of that object. 3-5-ETS1-2: Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.  5-PS1-3: Make observations and measurements to identify materials based on their properties.
Activity – Student/s could be presented with a problem: Comparing the amount of volume in each balloon ( 3 identical balloons blown up to different sized), how fast will it travel around the room when the air is let out.  Students would have to measure the size of to which the balloon is blown up to, test it several times, and track and observe the time and distance to find the speed at which it travels.

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What Are the Chances? Probability, Stastistics, Ratios, and Proportions

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What Are the Chances? Probability, Stastistics, Ratios, and Proportions

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Title – What Are the Chances?: Probability, Statistics, Ratios, and Proportions
Author – Rob Colson
Genre – nonfiction
Summary – This book walks through why we use these things in the real world, and mathematically how to calculate these particular things so that they can be used.  Students will learn all about probability, averages, and ratios, and see how to calculate the odds by going through step by step problems and activities.
STEM Concepts – MS-PS1-1: Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extend structures. MS-PS1-4: Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motions, temperature, and state of pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. 5-PS1-1: Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen.
Activity – Students would be given a choice to pick a question from the book to have to answer with a model to show the answer.  They would research the probabilities of their answer/s and create a non life size model to show how they are to get to their answer.

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Wayside School: More Sideways Arithmetic from Wayside School

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Wayside School: More Sideways Arithmetic from Wayside School

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Title – Wayside School: More Sideways Arithmetic from Wayside School
Author – Louis Sachar
Genre – fiction
Summary – This book is a fun and crazy read that sets place in a classroom that has several back wards incidents creating a ‘topsy-turvy’ classroom for teacher Mrs. Jewels. For example, the report cards are scrambled, the pop quiz won't pop, and watermelons are falling out the windows. You never know how things will add up at Wayside School.
STEM Concepts – 4.OA.C.5: Generate a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule. Identify apparent features of the pattern that were not explicit in the rule itself. 4-PS4-2: Develop a model to describe that light reflecting from objects and entering the eye allows objects to be seen. 4PS4-3: Generate and compare multiple solutions that use patterns to transfer information.
Activity – The class could create a prank to play on other classrooms that involve creating optical illusions (using patterns and creativity) to trick their peers.  This project can be divided up into several small jobs for small group work.  Using simple rules to create an illusion with light, they themselves will create a ‘topsy-turvy’ trick for others.

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Title – Secret Coders
Author – Gene Luen Yang         Illustrator –  Mike Holmes
Genre – fiction
Summary – Yang writes about a Stately Academy that has several mysteries that need to be solved.  The 2 main characters, Hopper and Eni are forced to work together to use their smarts and wits to decode these mysteries that the founder of the school left for the students to uncover and find. This graphic novel is filled with logic puzzles and basic programming skills that are fun and entertaining to read about and guess how Hopper and Eni will solve them.
STEM Concepts – 4-PS4-1: Develop a model of waves to describe patterns in terms of amplitude and wavelength and waves can cause objects to move. 3-5-ETS1-2: Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. MS-PS2-1: Apply Newton’s Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects.
Activity –  Students could use Newton’s Laws to decode, predict, and explain how given objects interact with one another depending on given situations.  Students would create scenarios, write out the answer to what will happen, and put information into a presentation.  Then other students from different groups will experiment on other peer’s experiments, trying to decode what is going on.

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Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World

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Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World

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Title – Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World
Author – Rachel Ignotofsky
Genre - Biography
Summary – This book highlights 50 women from around the world who impacted STEM fields from A.D. 400 to the present. It covers all kinds of professions such as; geneticists, volcanologists, and primatologists, as well as mathematicians and chemists. It also provides a wonderful and useful historical timeline that notes pivotal moments for women in STEM.
STEM Concepts – MS-PS-6: Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.  MS-ETS1-2: Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.  HS-PS1-7: Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction.
Activity – Students will pick one of the women highlighted in the book and research that woman’s work.  They must pick someone who chose a field that connects to the specific STEM Concepts and write about why this particular woman is important and how their work impacted the world.

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Wonder Women: 25 Innovators, Inventors, and Trailblazers Who Changed History

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Wonder Women: 25 Innovators, Inventors, and Trailblazers Who Changed History

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Title – Wonder Women: 25 Innovators, Inventors, and Trailblazers Who Changed History
Author – Sam Maggs         Illustrations – Sophia Foster-Dimino
Genre – Biography
Summary – This biography explores what it means to be a woman in geek culture, uses illustrated biographies to examine the lives of scientists, engineers, inventors, and more. The writer does a great job using humor, references to pop culture, and a conversational tone, to capture the amazing achievements of women throughout history.  This book reads more of a story into these women’s lives allowing students to be able to connect to them.
STEM Concepts – HS-PS3-3: Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one from of energy into another form of energy.  HS-PS4-1: Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. MS-LS2-5: Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Activity – Students will choose two of the women in the book and compare and contrast how each one used energy in their life’s work.  They will have to research the two women, figure out what type/s of energy used in each one’s work, and cypher that information to validate their argument.

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Title – 3:59
Author – Gretchen McNeil
Genre – fiction
Summary – In this science fiction/horror story, the main character, Josie Byrne believes she’s just dreaming about this alternate world.  Until she switches places with Jo, her doppelgänger, that lives in different universes that open to each other every 12 hours, at 3:59. Josie and Jo realize that their worlds are in danger, and use physics to save them both.
STEM Concepts – HS-ESS1-2: Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.  HS-ESS3-6: Use a computational representation to illustrate the relationships among Earth systems and how those relationships are being modified due to human activity. HS-LS2-4: Use mathematical representations to support claims for the cycling of matter and flow of energy among organisms in an ecosystem.
Activity – Students will take Josie’s work and put pen to paper, decoding what she has done and proving or disproving the science she is using can literally work or not.  Students will use research the standards that are directly aligned with the knowledge that the author gives Josie to prove or disprove the capability of the fictional book.  Although it is a fictional book, some students may truly think it is possible, which is why it will be important for them to work through the problem, using real-world practices to prove otherwise.

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Math Curse by Jon Scieszka/ Illustrated by Lane Smith
Genre: Fiction Picture Book

A child finds that they are riddled with anxiety over learning that almost anything can be made into a math problem. After describing all of the math situations they have come across, the child is able to find resolution in the end. Or does he?

STEM Concepts:
Elapsed Time- How much time it takes to do things and if our character will make it in time to get to school? This is something all kids can relate to.
Tables/ Graphs- In the math and science context, students should be able to read, write or create tables and graphs to visually show data.
Fractions- Students will come into contact with fractions in all situations in life. Many people have a disdain for fractions, however they are a necessary evil, so-to-say.
Critique reasoning- Across curriculum, and even in STEM, people, not just students will need to be able to look at the reasoning of others and be able to disagree, not just politely agree to not cause conflict. It is important to come to their own conclusions and have discussions around their different ideas.

Activity:
This whole book is about finding the math problems that a person could come across in almost every situation every day. In accordance to the current math unit, solve a few problems from the book. Next, give children a math curse pertinent to the current learning in the classroom. Have the students work in groups to solve, show the strategy and illustrate, and give complete answer.

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Hidden Figures: The True Story of Four Black Women and the Space Race by Margot Lee Shetterly/ Illustrated by Laura Freeman
Genre: Biography

Four African American women break stereotypes and barriers with their persistence and being good at math. Really good. Their contributions helped lead our country in the first successful missions into space.

STEM Concepts:
Motion- Pushes and pulls on objects
Engineering Design- Develop a sketch, drawing or model to illustrate how the shape of an object helps it function.
Analyze- Use data from two tests of two objects designed to solve the same problem and compare them.

Activity:
To test aerodynamics and flight have students look up different ways to fold paper airplanes. Have them conduct experiments on how different planes fly, and describe how their design may impact their flight. Create a discussion and come to conclusions about the best paper airplane models.

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Design a Skyscraper You Do the Math by Hilary Koll/ Illustrated by Steve Mills
Genre: Nonfiction Picture Book/ Comic

Building a skyscraper can’t be that hard, can it?!  This book relies on the reader to do the math and work through exercises to build a skyscraper.

STEM Concepts:
Geometry- Finding the best figure to help build a solid structure.
Engineering Design- Develop a sketch, drawing or model to illustrate how the shape of an object helps it function.
Analyze- Use data from two tests of two objects designed to solve the same problem and compare them.

Activity:
To test construction and structure have students all try and build a skyscraper. Have them conduct experiments on how different models of structure stand, and describe how their design may impact their ability to stand. Create a discussion and come to conclusions about the best designs of skyscrapers.

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Fractions in Disguise by Edward Einhorn/ Illustrated by David Clark
Genre: Fiction

A little boy who likes to collect fractions runs into a problem when a fraction is stolen. On his quest of finding the stolen fraction, he learned about the skill of simplifying, or reducing fractions to find the missing fraction.

STEM Concepts:
Fraction Equivalence- Explain how one fraction is equivalent to another fraction by using visual models.
Comparing Fractions- Compare fractions with different numerators and denominators, or by using benchmark fractions.
Addition of Fractions- Joining parts of the same whole.

Activity:
To help students understand the equivalency, create a situation where students will need to either simplify or build-up a fraction. Students must create a presentation with a visual representation. They should show the strategy, solve the problem and give a complete answer.

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Dream Jobs in Math (Cutting-Edge Careers in STEM)

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Dream Jobs in Math (Cutting-Edge Careers in STEM)

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Dream Jobs in Math (Cutting-Edge Careers in STEM) by Colin Hynson
Genre: Nonfiction

Did you know that almost any field that you work in has elements of math? Learn how math is used in making maps, working with computers, and even farming!

STEM Concepts:
Analyzing- Look for a problem that a student faces in their everyday lives or in their community.
Problem Solving- Design possible solutions to these problems and model these solutions with illustrations or drawings.
Construct- Use the possible solutions to build prototypes to solve the problem.

Activity:
Like a true STEM project, or in project based learning fashion, students get their feet wet in designing their own STEM fair project. Students look for a problem in their own lives or community. They determine different ways to solve that problem, and then conduct experiments to determine the best ways to solve that problem based on the data that they find.

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Shape Up!: Fun with Triangles and Other Polygons

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Shape Up!: Fun with Triangles and Other Polygons

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Shape Up!: Fun with Triangles and Other Polygons  by David A. Adler/ Illustrated by Nancy Tobin
Genre: Nonfiction

Are all triangles exactly the same? What about quadrilaterals? Make math fun and investigate polygons with food and other materials!

STEM Concepts:
Triangles- Classify and identify triangles by sides and angle measure.
Quadrilaterals- Classify and identify quadrilaterals by sides and angle measure.
Reasoning- Make sense of figures and their relationships.
Construct Arguments- Make a conjectures and analyze situations.

Activity:
Students follow along with the activities of the text. In groups, students use pretzel sticks to create triangles. Students measure the sides of their triangles with rulers and classify their angles. In pairs, students then compare and critique the different kinds of triangles.

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The Grapes of Math by Greg Tang/ Illustrated by Harry Briggs
Genre: Nonfiction

Things are not always what they seem in math and riddles! The Grapes of Math challenges readers (children and adults alike) to solve riddles and solve math problems.

STEM Concepts:
Reasoning- Look for structure and shortcuts in repeated calculations.
Structure- Look for patterns in the mathematical practices.
Model- Model mathematical patterns and reflect relationships in context.

Activity:
This whole book is about solving math riddles and carefully noticing the details in the riddle. As a class, solve a few riddles together. Next,have students solve various riddles in groups. Lastly, have students create their own math riddle using the book as a model.

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How Tall How Short How Far Away? by David A. Adler/ Illustrated by Nancy Tobin
Genre: Nonfiction

What is a pace, and how long is it? Measuring systems come from all over the world, and people used many different ways of measuring things. Find out where these units get their names, where they originated from, and how they determined their value.

STEM Concepts:
Reasoning- Look for structure and shortcuts in repeated calculations.
Structure- Look for patterns in the mathematical practices.
Model- Model mathematical patterns and reflect relationships in context.

Activity:
As a class, complete first two activities together as a class. In groups of three, students try figuring out each person’s height in Ancient Egypt. Next, in the same groups, have students find how many cubits tall each member is. Then, using other standard rulers, students will create their own metric and customary rulers to compare.

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The Greedy Triangle by Marilyn Burns/ Illustrated by Gordon Silveria
Genre: Fiction

A triangle is dissatisfied with life and wishes to be something different. He asks for additional sides and angles until he changes so much he hardly recognizes himself and wishes to go back to his old shape.

STEM Concepts:
Triangles- Classify and identify triangles by sides and angle measure.
Quadrilaterals- Classify and identify quadrilaterals by sides and angle measure.
Reasoning- Make sense of figures and their relationships.
Construct Arguments- Make a conjectures and analyze situations.

Activity:
Students study the difference between triangles and quadrilaterals. Students are given a quadrilateral. They create a personified character with the quadrilateral in mind. From this their character gives a quote telling of the features and characteristics of their quadrilateral.

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A Remainder of One by Elinor J. Pinczes/ Illustrated by Bonnie MacKain
Genre: Fiction

Joe wants to march in the bug parade but cannot because the queen does not like remainders, she likes even lines. Joe persists until he is able to find a way to divide the lines until there are no remainders left.

STEM Concepts:
Multiplication- Use the inverse of division to create arrays.
Division- Find whole number quotients and remainders.
Reasoning- Using multiplication and division fact families to create arrays.

Activity:
To practice finding whole number quotients, give students a number and have them find a way to divide the number without having a remainder. Within their work, have the students identify the factors and their product. Inversely, have students identify divisor, dividend, and quotient. Last, students create a presentation of their number, show the strategy they used, illustrate, and give complete answer.

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Math Attack! by Joan Horton/ Illustrated by Kyrsten Brooker
Genre: Fiction

This hilarious story starts when Ms. Glass starts arithmetic class. 7 x 10 sends the town into a frenzy. Numbers began spewing everywhere and the town was under a math attack!

STEM Concepts:
Multiplication- Interpret products of whole numbers.
Reasoning- Look for structure and shortcuts in repeated calculations.
Structure- Look for patterns in the mathematical practices.

Activity:
While students practice multiplication facts, have them track which facts give them the most trouble. From this, have students create a story that plays upon these facts. The story should include the product of the two factors, and a full storyline. There should be a main character, a problem and a resolution.

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Title/Author: Dreaming Up: A Celebration of Building by Christy Hale

Genre: Non-Fiction

Summary: Each spread in this book has illustrations of children building paired with a photograph of an actual building that uses the same basic ideas and principles. There is information on each page about the building and its architect.

STEM Concepts:

K.G.A.2 - Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size.

K.G.A.1 - Describe objects in the environment using names of shapes, and describe the relative positions of these objects using terms such as above, below, beside, in front of, behind, and next to.

K.MD.A.2 - Directly compare two objects with a measurable attribute in common, to see which object has "more of"/"less of" the attribute, and describe the difference

Activity:  As students are listening and looking at the story, students will compare each structure with the photograph of the actual building. Students identify shapes, describe shapes and relative positions and compare the photograph with the illustration. This activity will be very interactive.

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Title/Author: Summer Sun Risin’ by W. Nikola-Lisa

Genre: Fiction Picture Book

Summary: This books show a little boy enjoying summer on his family’s farm in Texas in the 1950s. In the illustrations, you can see how the trace of the sun as it travels across the sky during the day.

STEM Concepts:

K.MD.2 - Directly compare two objects with a measurable attribute in common, to see which object has "more of"/"less of" the attribute, and describe the difference

1.MD.4 - Organize, represent, and interpret data with up to three categories; ask and answer questions about the total number of data points, how many in each category, and how many more or less are in one category than in another

2.MD.10 - Draw a picture graph and a bar graph (with single-unit scale) to represent a data set with up to four categories. Solve simple put-together, take-apart, and compare problems¹using information presented in a bar graph.

Activity: After students have read the book, they will go to different areas around the school to take the temperature of it in the shade and in the sun. Depending on the object, this may have to take place over the period of the day. After gathering their information, they will graph what they found. Students can compare objects in the sun vs. shade, ask and answer questions based on the information of the graph, and depending on the grade level students can create the graph themselves. Younger students will need assistance.

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Title/Author: Drum City by Thea Guidone

Genre: Fiction Picture Book

Summary: A young boy starts drumming on pots and pans in his front yard. This encourages other children to join him. Before he knows it, the entire city is feeling the beat of the music.

STEM Concepts:

K.OA.1 - Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings1, sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.

1-PS4-1 Plan and conduct investigations to provide evidence that vibrating materials can make sound and that sound can make materials vibrate.

K-2-ETS1-2 Develop a simple sketch, drawing, or physical model to illustrate how the shape of an object helps it function as needed to solve a given problem.

Activity: Students will create their own drums. They can be in any shape. Have students create a pattern on their drums. Then ask them to add and/or subtract beats, then replay their pattern with the new number of beats. Go through this process a few different times to allow students to practice. Have students test banging on their drums softly and banging on them hard but not too hard! Does the sound change? Does the shape of the drum effect the sound the drum produces?

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Title/Author: Jump Into Science: Sun by Steve Tomecek

Genre: Non-Fiction Picture Book

Summary: This book introduces the sun as a star and explains the daily and yearly phenomena that are results of the position of the Earth relative to the Sun.

STEM Concepts:

1.MD.4 – Organize, represent, and interpret data with up to three categories; ask and answer questions about the total number of data points, how many in each category, and how many more or less are in one category than in another.

2.MD. 10 - Draw a picture graph and a bar graph (with single-unit scale) to represent a data set with up to four categories. Solve simple put-together, take-apart, and compare problems using information presented in a bar graph.

1-ESS1-2 - Make observations at different times of year to relate the amount of daylight to the time of year.

Activity: Students will create paper cakes to look like their dream birthday cake. Then, ask the students to line up in order by birthday. Next, they will stay in their order to make a circle to make a human graph. Ask questions such as; does the length of day stay the same on everyone’s birthday? Why are they different? Which student’s birthday has the most sunlight? What season is that in? How do the hours of daylight in the summer compare to the hours of daylight in the winter? What patterns do you notice?

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Title/Author: Making Machines With Springs by Chris Oxlade

Genre: Non-Fiction

Summary: This book explains how spring work and their many practical uses. It includes kid-friendly activities to try and projects to build.

STEM Concepts:

3.MD.3 - Draw a scaled picture graph and a scaled bar graph to represent a data set with several categories. Solve one- and two-step "how many more" and "how many less" problems using information presented in scaled bar graphs.

3.MD.4 - Generate measurement data by measuring lengths using rulers marked with halves and fourths of an inch. Show the data by making a line plot, where the horizontal scale is marked off in appropriate units— whole numbers, halves, or quarters.

3-PS2-2 - Make observations and/or measurements of an object’s motion to provide evidence that a pattern can be used to predict future motion.

Activity: Each student or pair of students have a wind up toy and a ruler. Students will wind up their toys and record how far it travels. Repeat this 5 times. Students will create a graph with the information of the distance traveled. Afterwards, have the students share their data and compare the data for each group. Could also ask students to find the averages for each number of turns.

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Title/Author: How Things Work: Lightbulbs by Joanne Mattern

Genre: Non-Fiction

Summary: This book introduces the science of the lightbulb and explains how innovators have continued to improve on the little glass bulb that brightens our world.

STEM Concepts:

4.NBT.B.5 – Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number, and multiply two two-digit numbers, using strategies based on place value and the properties of operations. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.

4.NBT.B.6 - Find whole-number quotients and remainders with up to four-digit dividends and one-digit divisors, using strategies based on place value, the properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.

4-PS-3-2 - Make observations to provide evidence that energy can be transferred from place to place by sound, light, heat, and electric currents.

Activity: Explain that the U.S. Department of Energy requires a lighting facts label to be on every lightbulb so that consumers can be aware of how much energy each one uses.  Lightbulbs uses a measurement of watts. Comparisons based on wattage are no longer meaningful, the strength of new energy-saving bulbs is expressed in lumens. Students have a table with information about 3 different types of bulbs with watts and lumen information. Students will explain how energy cost per year is calculated using math, websites, and other formulas. Lightbulbs can only approximate the energy cost per year because it depends how much it is used and how much the electric company charges the customer.

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Star Stuff: Carl Sagan and the Mysteries of the Cosmos

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Star Stuff: Carl Sagan and the Mysteries of the Cosmos

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Title/Author: Star Stuff: Carl Sagan and the Mysteries of the Cosmos by Stephanie Roth Sisson

Genre: Biography

Summary: This biography of Carl Sagan focuses on his childhood and culminates with the Voyager mission and the Golden Record.

STEM Concepts:

5.MD.1 - Convert among different-sized standard measurement units within a given measurement system (e.g., convert 5 cm to 0.05 m), and use these conversions in solving multi-step, real world problems.

W.5.8 - Recall relevant information from experiences or gather relevant information from print and digital sources; summarize or paraphrase information in notes and finished work, and provide a list of sources

5-ESS1-1 - Support an argument that the apparent brightness of the sun and stars is due to their relative distances from the Earth.

Activity: Reread pages 14-15 of Stars which explains how far away various stars are from Earth. Write 6,000,000,000 on the board. Have students pick a star from pages 14-15 to convert its distance into miles. Repeat this conversion with some other stars on the same two pages. How does the distance of the stars effect the brightness of the stars? How is this related to the distance from Earth? Next, have the students explain what they have learned about stars by making a short video modeled after the Cosmos television show.

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Math-terpieces: The Art of Problem Solving

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Math-terpieces: The Art of Problem Solving

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Title/Author: Math-terpieces: The Art of Problem Solving by Greg Tang

Genre: Work Book

Summary: Tang uses famous artist to develop problem solving skills through grouping. Each spread features a quality reproduction on the left side. This book is full of math concepts.

STEM Concepts:

3.OA.1 - Interpret products of whole numbers, e.g., interpret 5 × 7 as the total number of objects in 5 groups of 7 objects each.

3.OA.3 - Use multiplication and division within 100 to solve word problems in situations involving equal groups, arrays, and measurement quantities, e.g., by using drawings and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.

3.NBT.3 - Multiply one-digit whole numbers by multiples of 10 in the range 10-90 (e.g., 9 × 80, 5 × 60) using strategies based on place value and properties of operations.

Activity: I would read this book with small groups based on their mathematical abilities so that the teacher can focus on different strategies to solve the problems. Read the book and discuss as a small group which problem-solving skill is being used to solve the problem.